高考英语二轮复习 第三部分 专题一 第2课时 高瞻远瞩锁定主旨大意类题目练习.docx

高考英语二轮复习 第三部分 专题一 第2课时 高瞻远瞩锁定主旨大意类题目练习.docx

《高考英语二轮复习 第三部分 专题一 第2课时 高瞻远瞩锁定主旨大意类题目练习.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高考英语二轮复习 第三部分 专题一 第2课时 高瞻远瞩锁定主旨大意类题目练习.docx（23页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。

高考英语二轮复习第三部分专题一第2课时高瞻远瞩锁定主旨大意类题目练习

专题一第2课时高瞻远瞩-锁定主旨大意类题目

题组一　体验真题

Passage1

体裁：

说明文　话题：

食品　词数：

320　时间：

7′

（2015·安徽卷，E）Foodservesasaformofcommunicationintwofundamentalways.Sharingbreadorotherfoodsisacommonhumantraditionthatcanpromoteunityandtrust.Foodcanalsohaveaspecificmeaning，andplayasignificantroleinafamilyorculture'scelebrationsortraditions.Thefoodsweeat—andwhenandhowweeatthem—areoftenuniquetoaparticularcultureormayevendifferbetweenrural（农村的）andurbanareaswithinonecountry.

Sharingbread，whetherduringaspecialoccasion（时刻）oratthefamilydinnertable，isacommonsymboloftogetherness.Manyculturesalsocelebratebirthdaysandmarriageswithcakesthatarecutandsharedamongtheguests.Earlyformsofcakeweresimplyakindofbread，sothistraditionhitsitsrootsinthecustomofsharingbread.

FoodalsoplaysanimportantroleinmanyNewYearcelebrations.InthesouthernUnitedStates，piecesofcornbreadrepresentblocksofgoldforprosperity（兴旺）intheNewYear.InGreece，peopleshareaspecialcakecalledvasilopita.Acoinisputintothecake，whichsignifies（预示）successintheNewYearforthepersonwhoreceivesit.

Manycultureshaveceremoniestocelebratethebirthofachild，andfoodcanplayasignificantrole.InChina，whenababyisonemonthold，familiesnameandwelcometheirchildinacelebrationthatincludesgivingred－coloredeggstoguests.Inmanycultures，roundfoodssuchasgrapes，bread，andmooncakesareeatenatwelcomecelebrationstorepresentfamilyunity.

Nutritionisnecessaryforlife，soitisnotsurprisingthatfoodissuchanimportantpartofdifferentculturesaroundtheworld.

【语篇解读】　该篇介绍了食品作为一种交流的两个基本方面，来说明它是世界各地不同文化的一个重要组成部分。

1.Accordingtothepassage，sharingbread________.

A.indicatesalackoffood

B.canhelptodevelopunity

C.isacustomuniquetoruralareas

D.hasitsrootsinbirthdaycelebrations

答案　B　[考查细节理解。

由第一段...canpromoteunityandtrust可知。

]

2.WhatdoesthecoininvasilopitasignifyforitsreceiverintheNewYear?

A.Trust.B.Success.

C.Health.D.Togetherness.

答案　B　[考查细节理解。

由第三段signifies（预示）...successintheNewYear可知。

]

3.Theauthorexplainstheroleoffoodincelebrationsby________.

A.usingexamplesB.makingcomparisons

C.analyzingcausesD.describingprocesses

答案　A　[考查推理判断。

由第三段可知。

]

4.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Thecustomofsharingfood.

B.Thespecificmeaningoffood.

C.Theroleoffoodinceremonies.

D.Theimportanceoffoodinculture.

答案　D　[考查主旨大意。

由最后一段可知。

]

Passage2

体裁：

说明文　话题：

艺术　词数：

360　时间：

8′

（2015·重庆卷，E）Thevaluesofartisticworks，accordingtoculturalrelativism（相对主义），aresimplyreflectionsoflocalsocialandeconomicconditions.Suchaview，however，failstoexplaintheabilityofsomeworksofarttoexcitethehumanmindacrossculturesandthroughcenturies.

HistoryhaswitnessedtheendlessproductionsofShakespeareanplaysineverymajorlanguageoftheworld.ItisneverraretofindthatMozartpacksJapaneseconcerthalls，asJapanesepainterHiroshigedoesParisgalleries.Uniqueworksofthiskindaredifferentfromtoday'spopularart，eveniftheybeganasworksofpopularart.Theyhavesetthemselvesapartintheirtimelessappealandwillprobablybeenjoyedforcenturiesintothefuture.

Ina1757essay，thephilosopherDavidHumearguedthatbecause“thegeneralprinciplesoftasteareuniform（不变的）inhumannature，”thevalueofsomeworksofartmightbeessentiallypermanent.HeobservedthatHomerwasstilladmiredaftertwothousandyears.Worksofthistype，hebelieved，spoketodeepandunvaryingfeaturesofhumannatureandcouldcontinuetoexistovercenturies.

Nowresearchersareapplyingscientificmethodstothestudyoftheuniversalityofart.Forexample，evolutionarypsychologyisbeingusedbyliteraryscholarstoexplainthelong－lastingthemesandplotdevicesinfiction.Thestructuresofmusicalpiecesarenowopentoexperimentalanalysisasneverbefore.Researchfindingsseemtoindicatethatthecreationbyagreatartistisaspermanentanachievementasthediscoverybyagreatscientist.

【语篇解读】　本文是说明文，主要介绍了艺术作品是永恒受欢迎的，原因是人类的审美具有共同性，并且就此展开说明。

5.Accordingtothepassage，whatdoweknowaboutculturalrelativism?

A.Itintroducesdifferentculturalvalues.

B.Itexplainsthehistoryofartisticworks.

C.Itrelatesartisticvaluestolocalconditions.

D.Itexcitesthehumanmindthroughouttheworld.

答案　C　[细节推断题。

根据文章第一句可知相对主义文化是地方社会和经济状况的反应。

故选择C。

]

6.InParagraph2，theartistsarementionedinordertoshowthat________.

A.greatworksofartcangobeyondnationalboundaries

B.historygivesartworksspecialappealtosetthemapart

C.popularartsarehardlydistinguishablefromgreatarts

D.greatartistsareskilledatcombiningvariouscultures

答案　A　[细节推断题。

根据第二段列举的三个例子可以看出艺术作品是没有国界的。

故选择A。

]

7.AccordingtoHume，someworksofartcanexistforcenturiesbecause________.

A.theyareresultsofscientificstudy

B.theyestablishsomegeneralprinciplesofart

C.theyarecreatedbytheworld'sgreatestartists

D.theyappealtounchangingfeaturesofhumannature

答案　D　[细节推断题。

根据文章第三段第一句thephilosopherDavidHumearguedthatbecause“thegeneralprinciplesoftasteareuniform（不变的）inhumannature，”thevalueofsomeworksofartmightbeessentiallypermanent.可知，选择D。

]

8.Whichofthefollowingcanbestserveasthetitleofthepassage?

A.AreArtisticValuesUniversal?

B.ArePopularArtsPermanent?

C.IsHumanNatureUniform?

D.IsCulturalRelativismScientific?

答案　A　[主旨大意题。

本文主要介绍了艺术作品是永恒受欢迎的，因此其价值也是共同的。

]

Passage3

体裁：

记叙文　话题：

人物故事　词数：

269　时间：

5′

（2014·新课标全国卷Ⅱ，A）ArrivinginSydneyonhisownfromIndia，myhusband，Rashid，stayedinahotelforashorttimewhilelookingforahouseformeandourchildren.

Duringthefirstweekofhisstay，hewentoutonedaytodosomeshopping.Hecamebackinthelateafternoontodiscoverthathissuitcasewasgone.Hewasextremelyworriedasthesuitcasehadallhisimportantpapers，includinghispassport（护照）.

Hereportedthecasetothepoliceandthensatthere，lostandlonelyinastrangecity，thinkingoftheterribletroublesofgettingallthepaperworkorganizedagainfromadistantcountrywhiletryingtosettledowninanewone.

Lateintheevening，thephonerang.Itwasastranger.Hewastryingtopronouncemyhusband'snameandwasaskinghimalotofquestions.Thenhesaidtheyhadfoundapileofpapersintheirtrashcan（垃圾桶）thathadbeenleftoutonthefootpath.

Myhusbandrushedtotheirhometofindakindfamilyholdingallhispapersanddocuments（文件）.Theiryoungdaughterhadgonetothetrashcanandfoundapileofunfamiliarpapers.Herparentshadcarefullysortedthemout，althoughtheyhadfoundmainlyforeignaddressesonmostofthedocuments.Atlasttheyhadseenahalf－writtenletterinthepileinwhichmyhusbandhadgivenhisnewtelephonenumbertoafriend.

Thatfamilynotonlyrestoredtheimportantdocumentstousthatdaybutalsorestoredourfaithandtrustinpeople.Westillremembertheirkindnessandoftensendawarmwishtheirway.

【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文，讲述了作者丈夫行李箱中的文件失而复得的事情。

通过这件事，作者一家又重新找回了对他人的信任。

9.WhatdidRashidplantodoafterhisarrivalinSydney?

A.Goshopping.B.Findahouse.

C.Joinhisfamily.D.Takeavacation.

答案　B　[事实细节题。

根据文章第一段中“...stayedinahotelforashorttimewhilelookingforahouseformeandourchildren.”可知作者到达悉尼计划要做的事情就是为“我和孩子”找房子，故B项正确。

]

10.Thegirl'sparentsgotRashid'sphonenumberfrom________.

A.afriendofhisfamily

B.aSydneypoliceman

C.aletterinhispapers

D.astrangerinSydney

答案　C　[事实细节题。

根据文章倒数第二段中“Atlasttheyhadseenahalf－writtenletterinthepile...toafriend.”可知作者的电话号码是从文件中夹的一封信中找到的，故C项正确。

]

11.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“restored”inthelastparagraphmean?

A.Showed.B.Sentout.

C.Delivered.D.Gaveback.

答案　D　[词义猜测题。

文章倒数第二段中讲到小女孩一家努力找到失主的联系方式并把重要文件物归原主。

这个善举使作者一家不仅找回了文件，而且重新找回了对人的信任。

故D项“归还”正确。

A.展示；B.发送；C.递送。

]

12.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.FromIndiatoAustralia.

B.LivinginaNewCountry.

C.TurningTrashtoTreasure.

D.InSearchofNewFriends.

答案　C　[主旨大意题。

丈夫丢失的重要文件被丢到了垃圾箱，被一个好心的家庭整理好物归原主，这些别人眼中的垃圾对作者丈夫来说非常珍贵。

故C项最能体现文章大意。

]

Passage4

体裁：

说明文　话题：

动物与植物　词数：

330　时间：

6′

（2014·上海卷，A）Mostpeopleagreethathonestyisagoodthing.ButdoesMotherNatureagree?

Animalscan'ttalk，butcantheylieinotherways?

Cantheyliewiththeirbodiesandbehavior?

Animalexpertsmaynotcallitlying，buttheydoagreethatmanyanimals，frombirdstochimpanzees，behavedishonestlytofoolotheranimals.Why?

Dishonestyoftenhelpsthemsurvive.

Manykindsofbirdsareverysuccessfulatfoolingotheranimals.Forexample，abirdcalledtheploversometimespretendstobehurtinordertoprotectitsyoung.Whenapredator（猎食动物）getsclosetoitsnest，theploverleadsthepredatorawayfromthenest.How?

Itpretendstohaveabrokenwing.Thepredatorfollowsthe“hurt”adult，leavingthebabybirdssafeinthenest.

Anotherkindofbird，thescrubjay，buriesitsfoodsoitalwayshassomethingtoeat.Scrubjaysarealsothieves.Theywatchwhereothersburytheirfoodandstealit.Butcleverscrubjaysseemtoknowwhenathiefiswatchingthem.Sotheygobacklater，unburythefood，andburyitagainsomewhereelse.

Birdscalledcuckooshavefoundawaytohavebabieswithoutdoingmuchwork.How?

Theydon'tmakenests.Instead，theygetintootherbirds'nestssecretly.Thentheylaytheireggsandflyaway.Whenthebabybirdscomeout，theiradoptiveparentsfeedthem.

Chimpanzees，orchimps，canalsobesneaky.Afterafight，thelosingchimpwillgiveitshandtotheother.Whenthewinningchimpputsoutitshand，too，thechimpsarefriendlyagain.Butananimalexpertoncesawalosingchimptakethewinner'shandandstartfightingagain.

Chimpsaresneakyinotherways，too.Whenchimpsfindfoodtha