重庆大学全日制专业硕士研究生英语考试试卷.doc

重庆大学全日制专业硕士研究生英语考试试卷.doc

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耐劳苦、尚俭朴、勤学业、爱国家重庆大学研究生试卷（2011版）第4页共4页

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学院专业（领域）类别（学术、专业）学号姓名

重庆大学全日制专业硕士研究生

《英语》课程试卷（B类）

2014~2015学年第一学期（秋）

开课学院：

外国语学院课程编号：

G0401A

考试日期：

2015.01.10

考试时间：

120分钟

题号

一

二

三

四

笔试

成绩

笔试计分

50%

口试成绩

20%

平时小计30%

书面作业

（10）

课堂表现（10）

上课考勤

（10）

课程

成绩

得分

硕士生B类答题纸英语班次：

_______________

AnswerSheet

PartI.ReadingComprehension（40points,1-1020points;11-2020points）

1.（）2.（）3.（）4.（）5.（）

6.（）7.（）8.（）9.（）10.（）

11.（）12.（）

13.（）14.（）15.（）

16.（）17.（）18.（）

19.（）20.（）

PartII.TranslationfromEnglishtoChinese（20points）

命题（组题）人：

李雁审题人：

黄萍命题时间：

2014.12研究生院制

PartIII.TranslationfromChinesetoEnglish（20points）

PartIV.Writing（20points）

（Pleasewriteyourcompositiononthereverseside.请写在背面）

重庆大学硕士研究生《英语》课程试卷

2014～2015学年第一学期

硕士生B类

PartI.ReadingComprehension（40points）

Directions:

Readthefollowingpassagescarefullyandthenselectthebestanswerfromthefourchoicesgiventoanswerthequestionsortocompletethestatementsthatfolloweachpassage.WriteyouransweronyourAnswerSheet.

PassageOne

Asawisemanoncesaid,weareallultimatelyalone.ButanincreasingnumberofEuropeansarechoosingtobesoataneverearlierage.Thisisn’tthestuffofgloomyphilosophicalcontemplations,butafactofEurope’sneweconomiclandscape,embracedbysociologists,real-estatedevelopersandadexecutivesalike.Theshiftawayfromfamilylifetosololifestyle,observesaFrenchsociologist,ispartoftheirresistiblemomentumofindividualismoverthelastcentury.Thecommunicationsrevolution,theshiftfromabusinesscultureofstabilitytooneofmobilityandthemassentryofwomenintotheworkforcehavegreatlywreakedhavoconEuropeans’privatelives.

Europe’sneweconomicclimatehaslargelyfosteredthetrendtowardindependence.Thecurrentgenerationofhome-alonerscameofageduringEurope’sshiftfromsocialdemocracytothesharper,moreindividualisticclimateofAmericanstylecapitalism.Raisedinaneraofprivatizationandincreasedconsumerchoice,today’stech-savvyworkershaveembracedafreemarketinloveaswellaseconomics.ModernEuropeansarerichenoughtoaffordtolivealone,andtemperamentallyindependentenoughtowanttodoso.

Onceuponatime,peoplewholivedalonetendedtobethoseoneithersideofmarriage—twentysomethingprofessionalsorwidowedseniorcitizens.Whilepensioners,particularlyelderlywomen,makeupalargeproportionofthoselivingalone,thenewestcropofsinglesarehighearnersintheir30sand40swhoincreasinglyviewlivingaloneasalifestylechoice.Livingalonewasconceivedtobenegative—darkandcold,whilebeingtogethersuggestedwarmthandlight.Butthencamealongtheideaofsingles.Theywereyoung,beautiful,strong!

Now,youngpeoplewanttolivealone.

Theboomingeconomymeanspeopleareworkingharderthanever.Andthatdoesn’tleavemuchroomforrelationships.PimpiArroyo,a35-year-oldcomposerwholivesaloneinahouseinParis,sayshehasn’tgottimetogetlonelybecausehastoomuchwork.“Ihavedeadlineswhichwouldmakelifewithsomeoneelsefairlydifficult”.OnlyanIdealWomanwouldmakehimchangehislifestyle,hesays.Kaufmann,authorofarecentbookcalled“TheSingleWomanandPrinceCharming”,thinksthisfiercenewindividualismmeansthatpeopleexpectmoreandmoreofmates,sorelationshipsdon’tlastlong—iftheystartatall.Eppendorf,ablondBerlinerwithadeeptan,teachesgradeschoolinthemornings.Intheafternoonshesunbathesorsleeps,restingupforgoingdancing.Justshyof50,shesaysshe’dneverhavewantedtodowhathermotherdid—giveupacareertoraiseafamily.Instead,“I’vealwaysdonewhatIwantedtodo:

liveaself-determinedlife”.

1.MoreandmoreyoungEuropeansremainsinglebecause

A.theyaredrivenbyanoverwhelmingsenseofindividualism.

B.theyhaveenteredtheworkforceatamuchearlierage.

C.theyhaveembracedabusinesscultureofstability.

D.theyarepessimisticabouttheireconomicfuture.

2.WhatissaidaboutEuropeansocietyinthepassage?

A.Ithasfosteredthetrendtowardssmallfamilies.

B.ItisgettingclosertoAmerican-stylecapitalism.

C.Ithaslimitedconsumerchoicedespiteafreemarket.

D.Itisbeingthreatenedbyirresistibleprivatization.

3.AccordingtoParagraph3,thenewestgroupofsinglesare

A.warmandlighthearted.

B.oneithersideofmarriage.

C.negativeandgloomy.

D.healthyandwealthy.

4.TheauthorquotesEppendorftoshowthat

A.somemodernwomenpreferalifeofindividualfreedom.

B.thefamilyisnolongerthebasicunitofsocietyinpresent-dayEurope.

C.someprofessionalpeoplehavetoomuchworktodotofeellonely.

D.MostEuropeansconceivelivingasinglelifeasunacceptable.

5.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage?

A.Toreviewtheimpactofwomenbecominghighearners.

B.Tocontemplatethephilosophyunderlyingindividualism.

C.Toexaminethetrendofyoungpeoplelivingalone.

D.Tostresstherebuildingofpersonalrelationships.

PassageTwo　　

Americandramasandsitcomswouldhavebeencandidatesforprimetimeseveralyearsago.Butthoseprograms－thoughsomeremainpopular－increasinglyoccupyfringetimesslotsonforeignnetworks.Instead,agrowingnumberofshowsproducedbylocalbroadcastersareontheairatthebesttimes.

TheshiftcounterslongstandingassumptionsthatTVshowsproducedintheUnitedStateswouldcontinuetoovershadowlocallyproducedshowsfromSingaporetoSicily.ThechangesarecomingatatimewhentheinfluenceoftheUnitedStatesoninternationalaffairshasannoyedfriendsandfoesalike,andsomepeopleareexpressingreliefthatatleastontelevisionAmericancultureisnolongerquitetheforceitoncewas.

“TherehasalwaysbeenaconcernthattheimageoftheworldwouldbeshapedtoomuchbyAmericanculture,”saidDr.JoGroebek,directorgeneraloftheEuropeanInstitutefortheMedia,anon-profitgroup.Giventhechoice,headds,foreignviewersoftenpreferhomegrownshowsthatbetterreflectlocaltastes,culturesandhistoricalevents.

UnlikeintheUnitedStates,commercialbroadcastinginmostregionsoftheworld－includingAsia,Europe,andalesserextentLatinAmerica,whichhasalonghistoryofcommercialTV－isarelativelyrecentdevelopment.

Amajorityofbroadcastersinmanycountrieswereeitherstate-ownedorstate-subsidizedformuchofthelastcentury.Governmentsbegantorelaxtheircontrolinthe1980’sbyprivatizingnationalbroadcastersandgrantinglicensestodozensofnewcommercialnetworks.Theriseofcableandsatellitepay-televisionincreasedthespectrumofchannels.

Relativelyinexperiencedandoftenfinancedonashoestring,thesenewcommercialstationsneededhoursofprogrammingfast.ThecheapestandeasiestwaytofillairtimewastobuyshowsfromAmericanstudios,andthebiddingwarsforpopularshowswerefierce.

ThebigAmericanstudiostookadvantageofthatdemandbyraisingpricesandforcingforeignbroadcasterstobuylesspopularprogramsiftheywantedaccesstothebest-sellingshowsandmovies.

“Thestudiopricedthemselvesoutofprimetime,”saidHarryEvansSloan,chairmanofSBSBroadcasting,aPan-Europeanbroadcaster.Mr.Sloanestimatesthatoverthelastdecade,thepriceofAmericanprogramshasincreasedfivefoldevenastheinternationalratingsfortheseshowshavedeclined.

AmericanbroadcastersarestillthebiggestbuyersofAmerican-madetelevisionshows,accountingfor90%ofthe$25billionin2001sales.Butinternationalsaleswhichtotaled$2.5billionlastyearoftenmakethedifferencebetweenaprofitandalossonshow.Asthepaceofforeignsalesslows－themarketisnowgrowingat5%ayear,downfromthedouble-digitgrowthofthe1990’s－studioexecutivesarerethinkingproductioncosts.

6.WhichofthefollowingbestcharacterizestheimageembodiedinAmericanshows?

A.Self-contradictory

B.Prejudice-free

C.Culture-loaded

D.Audience-targeted

7.Theinterventionofgovernmentsinthe1980’sresultedin__________.

A.thepatentingofdominationshowsandmovies

B.theemergenceofnewcommercialnetworks

C.thepromotionofcableandsatellitepay-television

D.theintensecompetitioncomingfromtheoutside

8.Thephrase“onashoestring”（Para.6）mostprobablymeans__________.

A.inneedofcapital

B.afterafashion

C.onsecondthoughts

D.intheinterestsofthemselves

9.ThemainreasonwhyAmericandramasandsitcomsaredrivenoutofprimetimeisthat____.

A.theylosecompetitiveness

B.theyarenotmarket-oriented

C.theyaretoomuchpriced

D.theyfallshortofaudienceexpectations

10.Americanstudioproducerswillgivethoughttoproductioncosts__________.

A.iftheyhavenoaccesstopopularshows

B.becausetheirendeavorscometonoavail

C.sincebiddingwarsarenolongerfierce

D.asinternationalsalespaceslowsdown

PassageThree

Howshopscanexploitpeople'sherdmentalitytoincreasesales

1.ATRIPtothesupermarketmaynotseemlikeanexerciseinpsychologicalwarfare—butitis.Shopkeepersknowth