06专八.docx

06专八.docx

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06专八

PARTII  READINGCOMPREHENSION（30MIN）

Inthissectiontherearefourreadingpassagesfollowedbyatotalof20multiple-choicequestions.Readthepassagesandthenmarkyouranswersonyourcolouredanswersheet.

TextA

   TheUniversityinTransformation,editedbyAustralianfuturistsSohailInayatullahandJenniferGidley,presentssome20highlyvariedoutlooksontomorrow’suniversitiesbywritersrepresentingbothWesternandnon-Westernperspectives.Theiressaysraiseabroadrangeofissues,questioningnearlyeverykeyassumptionwehaveabouthighereducationtoday.

   ThemostwidelydiscussedalternativetothetraditionalcampusistheInternetUniversity―avoluntarycommunitytoscholars/teachersphysicallyscatteredthroughoutacountry or aroundtheworldbutalllinkedincyberspace.Acomputerizeduniversitycouldhavemanyadvantages,suchaseasyscheduling,efficientdeliveryoflecturestothousands or evenmillionsofstudentsatonce,andreadyaccessforstudentseverywheretotheresourcesofalltheworld’sgreatlibraries.

   YettheInternetUniversityposesdangers,too.Forexample,alineoffranchisedcourseware,producedbyafewsuperstarteachers,marketedunderthebrandnameofafamousinstitution,andheavilyadvertised,mighteventuallycometodominatetheglobaleducationmarket,warnssociologyprofessorPeterManicasoftheUniversityofHawaiiatManoa.Besidesenforcingarigidlystandardizedcurriculum,sucha“collegeeducationinabox”couldunderselltheofferingsofmanytraditionalbrickandmortarinstitutions,effectivelydrivingthemoutofbusinessandthrowingthousandsofcareeracademicsoutofwork,noteAustraliancommunicationsprofessorsDavidRooneyandGregHearn.

Ontheotherhand,whileglobalconnectivityseemshighlylikelytoplaysomesignificantroleinfuturehighereducation,thatdoesnotmeangreateruniformityincoursecontent―orotherdangers―willnecessarilyfollow.Counter-movementsarealsoatwork.

   Manyinacademia,includingscholarscontributingtothisvolume,arequestioningthefundamentalmissionofuniversityeducation.Whatif,forinstance,insteadofreceivingprimarilytechnicaltrainingandbuildingtheirindividualcareers,universitystudentsandprofessorscouldfocustheirlearningandresearcheffortsonexistingproblemsintheirlocalcommunitiesandtheworld?

FeministscholarIvanaMilojevicdarestodreamwhatauniversitymightbecome“ifwebelievedthatchildcareworkersandteachersinearlychildhoodeducationshouldbeoneofthehighest（ratherthanlowest）paidprofessionals?

”

Co-editorJenniferGidleyshowshowtomorrowsuniversityfaculty,insteadofgivinglecturesandconductingindependentresearch,maytakeonthreenewroles.Somewouldactasbrokers,assemblingcustomizeddegree-creditprogrammesforindividualstudentsbymixingandmatchingthebestcourseofferingsavailablefrominstitutionsallaroundtheworld.Asecondgroup,mentors,wouldfunctionmuchliketoday’sfacultyadvisers,butarelikelytobeworkingwithmanymorestudentsoutsidetheirownacademicspecialty.Thiswouldrequirethemtoconstantlybelearningfromtheirstudentsaswellasinstructingthem.

   Athirdnewroleforfaculty,andinGidley’sviewthemostchallengingandrewardingofall,wouldbeasmeaning-makers:

charismaticsagesandpractitionersleadinggroupsofstudents/colleaguesincollaborativeeffortstofindspiritualaswellasrationalandtechnologicalsolutionstospecificreal-worldproblems.

   Moreover,thereseemslittlereasontosupposethatanyoneformofuniversitymustnecessarilydriveoutallotheroptions.Studentsmaybe“enrolled”incoursesofferedatvirtualcampusesontheInternet,between―orevenduring―sessionsatarealworldproblemfocusedinstitution.

   Asco-editorSohailInayatullahpointsoutinhisintroduction,nofutureisinevitable,andtheveryactofimaginingandthinkingthroughalternativepossibilitiescandirectlyaffecthowthoughtfully,creativelyandurgentlyevenadominanttechnologyisadaptedandapplied.Eveninacademia,thefuturebelongstothosewhocareenoughtoworktheirvisionsintopractical,sustainablerealities.

11.WhenthebookreviewerdiscussestheInternetUniversity,

[A] heisinfavourofit.     

[B] hisviewisbalanced.

[C] heisslightlycriticalofit.

[D]heisstronglycriticalofit.

12.WhichofthefollowingisNOTseenasapotentialdangeroftheInternetUniversity?

[A] Internetbasedcoursesmaybelesscostlythantraditionalones.

[B]Teachersintraditionalinstitutionsmaylosetheirjobs.

[C]Internetbasedcoursewaremaylackvarietyincoursecontent.

[D]TheInternetUniversitymayproduceteacherswithalotofpublicity.

13.Accordingtothereview,whatisthefundamentalmissionoftraditionaluniversityeducation?

[A] Knowledgelearningandcareerbuilding.

[B] Learninghowtosolveexistingsocialproblems.

[C] Researchingintosolutionstocurrentworldproblems.

[D] Combiningresearcheffortsofteachersandstudentsinlearning.

14.Judgingfromthethreenewrolesenvisionedfortomorrowsuniversityfaculty,universityteachers

[A] arerequiredtoconductmoreindependentresearch.

[B] arerequiredtooffermorecoursestotheirstudents.

[C] aresupposedtoassumemoredemandingduties.

[D] aresupposedtosupervisemorestudentsintheirspecialty.

15.Whichcategoryofwritingdoesthereviewbelongto?

[A] Narration. 

[B] Description.

[C] Persuasion. 

[D] Exposition.

TextB

   Everystreethadastory,everybuildingamemory.Thoseblessedwithwonderfulchildhoodscandrivethestreetsoftheirhometownsandhappilyrollbacktheyears.Therestarepulledhomebydutyandleaveassoonaspossible.AfterRayAtleehadbeeninClanton（hishometown）forfifteenminuteshewasanxioustogetout.

   Thetownhadchanged,butthenithadn’t.Onthehighwaysleadingin,thecheapmetalbuildingsandmobilehomesweregatheringastightlyaspossiblenexttotheroadsformaximumvisibility.Thistownhadnozoningwhatsoever.Alandownercouldbuildanythingwithnopermit,noinspection,nonoticetoadjoininglandowners,nothing.Onlyhogfarmsandnuclearreactorsrequiredapprovalsandpaperwork.Theresultwasaslash-and-buildclutterthatgotuglierbytheyear.

Butintheoldersections,nearerthesquare,thetownhadnotchangedatall.ThelongshadedstreetswereascleanandneataswhenRayroamedthemonhisbike.Mostofthehouseswerestillownedbypeopleheknew,orifthosefolkshadpassedonthenewownerskeptthelawnsclippedandtheshutterspainted.Onlyafewwerebeingneglected.Ahandfulhadbeenabandoned.

   ThisdeepinBiblecountry,itwasstillanunwrittenruleinthetownthatlittlewasdoneonSundaysexceptgotochurch,sitonporches,visitneighbours,restandrelaxthewayGodintended.

   Itwascloudy,quitecoolforMay,andashetouredhisoldturf,killingtimeuntiltheappointedhourforthefamilymeeting,hetriedtodwellonthegoodmemoriesfromClanton.TherewasDizzyDeanParkwherehehadplayedLittleLeagueforthePirates,andtherewasthepublicpoolhe’dswumineverysummerexcept1969whenthecitycloseditratherthanadmitblackchildren.Therewerethechurches―Baptist,Methodist,andPresbyterian―facingeachotherattheintersectionofSecondandElmlikewarysentries,theirsteeplescompetingforheight.Theywereemptynow,butinanhour or sothemorefaithfulwouldgatherforeveningservices.

   Thesquarewasaslifelessasthestreetsleadingtoit.Witheightthousandpeople,Clantonwasjustlargeenoughtohaveattractedthediscountstoresthathadwipedoutsomanysmalltowns.Butherethepeoplehadbeenfaithfultotheirdowntownmerchants,andtherewasn’tasingleempty or boarded-upbuildingaroundthesquare―nosmallmiracle.Theretailshopsweremixedinwiththebanksandlawofficesandcafes,allclosedfortheSabbath.

   HeinchedthroughthecemeteryandsurveyedtheAtleesectionintheoldpart,wherethetombstonesweregrander.Someofhisancestorshadbuiltmonumentsfortheirdead.Rayhadalwaysassumedthatthefamilymoneyhe’dneverseenmusthavebeenburiedinthosegraves.Heparkedandwalkedtohismother’sgrave,somethinghehadn’tdoneinyears.ShewasburiedamongtheAtlees,atthefaredgeofthefamilyplotbecauseshehadbarelybelonged.

   Soon,inlessthananhour,hewouldbesittinginhisfather’sstudy,sippingbadinstantteaandreceivinginstructionsonexactlyhowhisfatherwouldbelaidtorest.Manyorderswereabouttobegiven,manydecreesanddirections,becausehisfather（whousedtobeajudge）wasagreatmanandcareddeeplyabouthowhewastoberemembered.

   Movingagain,Raypassedthewatertowerhe’dclimbedtwice,thesecondtimewiththepolicewaitingbelow.Hegrimacedathisoldhighschool,aplacehe’dnevervisitedsincehe’dleftit.BehinditwasthefootballfieldwherehisbrotherForresthadrompedoveropponentsandalmostbecamefamousbeforegettingbouncedofftheteam.

Itwastwentyminutesbeforefive,Sunday,May7.Timeforthefamilymeeting.

16.Fromthefirstparagraph,wegettheimpressionthat

[A] Raycherishedhischildhoodmemories.

[B] Rayhadsomethingurgenttotakecareof.

[C] Raymaynothaveahappychildhood.

[D] Raycannotrememberhischildhooddays.

17.WhichofthefollowingadjectivesdoesNOTdescribeRay’shometown?

[A]Lifeless.

[B]Religious.

[C]Traditional.

[D]Quiet.

18.FromthepassagewecaninferthattherelationshipbetweenRayandhisparentswas

[A]close.

[B]remote.

[C]tense.

[D]impossibletotell.

19.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatRay’sfatherwasallEXCEPT

[A]considerate.

[B]punctual.

[C]thrifty.

[D]dom