学位英语真题及答案.docx
《学位英语真题及答案.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《学位英语真题及答案.docx(22页珍藏版)》请在冰点文库上搜索。
学位英语真题及答案
北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试
PartIReadingComprehension(30%)
Directions:
Therearethreepassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysome
questionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarked
A,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoiceandblackenthecorresponding
letterontheAnswerSheet.
Passage1
Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
ThereflectivetowersofNewYorkCity,whichisontheAtlanticmigrating(迁徙的)route,canbedeadlyforbirds.“Weliveinanageofglass,”saidMs.Laurel,an
architect.(76)“Itcanbeaperfectmirrorincertainlights,andthelargerthe
glass,themoredangerousitis.”About90,000birdsarekilledbyflyinginto
buildingsinthecityeachyear.Often,theystrikethelowerlevelsofglasstowers
aftersearchingforfoodinnearbyparks.Suchcrashesarethesecond-leadingcause
ofdeathformigratingbirds,afterhabitat(栖息地)loss,withanestimatednumber
ofdeathranginguptoabillionayear.
(77)Asglassofficeandapartmenttowershaveincreasedinthelastdecade,so,
toohavecallstomakethemlessdeadlytobirds.SanFranciscoadoptedbird-safety
standardsfornewbuildingsinJuly.TheUnitedStatesGreenBuildingCouncil,a
nonprofitindustrygroupthatencouragesthecreationofenvironmentallyconscious
buildings,willintroduceabird-safetycreditthisfallaspartofitsenvironmental
certificationprocess.
Therearenoeasyfixes,however.Afewresearchersareexploringglassdesigns
thatuseultraviolet(紫外线的)signals,buttheyarestillintheirinfancy.Covers,
dotpatterns,shadesandnetsarethemainoptionsavailable.
Often,onlyonesectionofabuildingneedstobechanged.Youdon'tnecessarily
havetotreateverywindow,Ms.Laurelsaid.Itwouldbetooexpensivetodothe
wholebuilding.TheJacobICJavitsConventionCenter,whichhasbeenundergoing
alterations,isthemostrecentbuildingtovoluntarilycorrecttheproblemofbird
crashes.Thearchitectsusedlessreflectiveglassanddotpatterns.
1.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage
A.NewYorkisacityofglasstowers.
B.Glasstowersaredangerousformigratingbirds.
C.NewYorkadoptednewsafetystandardsforbuildings.
D.GlasstowersareanewtrendintheUnitedStates.
2.Whatisthenumberonecauseofdeathformigratingbirds
A.Climatechange.B.Habitatloss.
C.Lackoffood.D.Crashingintobuildings.
3.Whatdoestheword“fixes”inthethirdparagraphprobablymean
A.Choices.B.Explanations.
D.Developments.C.Solutions.
4.areusedinthealterationoftheJacobK.JavitsConventionCenter.
A.DotpatternsB.Shades
C.NetsD.Covers
5.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage
A.Inmanycases,thewholebuildingneedstobealteredtopreventbirdcrashes.
B.TheJacobK.JavitsConventionCenteristhefirstbuildingtodealwiththe
problemofbirdcrashes.
C.About90,000birdsarekilledduetohabitatlossinNewYorkCityeachyear.
D.Unfortunately,glassdesignsthatuseultravioletsignalsarestillintheir
earlystages.
Passage2
Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
Today'sstudentshavegrownuphearingmoreaboutBillGatesthanF.D.R.,and
theyliveinaworldwhereamazinginnovations(革新)arecommon.Thecurrent
18-year-olds,afterall,were8whenGooglewasfoundedbytwostudentsatStanford;
MarkZuckerbergfoundedFacebookin2004whilehewasatHarvardandtheywereentering
highschool.Havinggrownupdigital(数字的),theyareimpatienttogetonwithlife.
Theeasiestwaytofredkidsliketheseistocheckinonentrepreneurship(企业家才能)education,inwhichcollegesanduniversitiestrytopreparetheir
studentstorecognizeopportunitiesandseizethem.
AreportpublishedlastyearbytheKauffmanFoundation,whichfinancesprograms
topromoteinnovationoncampuses,notedthatmorethan5,000entrepreneurship
programsareofferedontwo-andfour-yearcampuses-upfromjust250coursesin1985.
LesaMitchell,aKauffmanvicepresident,saysthatthefoundationisextendingthe
reachofitsacademicinfluence,whichusedtobefoundonlyinbusinessschools.Now,
theconceptofentrepreneurshipisbloominginengineeringprogramsandmedical
schools,andevenintheliberalarts.“Ourinterestisinalltheprograms,”she
says.“Weneedtospreadoutfromthebusinessschool.”
Eitherasclassprojectsorontheirown_,studentsinavarietyofmajorsare
comingupwithideas,writingbusinessplansandseeingthemthroughtoprototype
and,often,market.Intheirsparetime,studentsinagriculturaleconomicsatPurdue
inventnewusesforbean;industrialdesignmajorsatSyracuse,inaspecial
laboratory,createwearabletechnologies.
(78)Theentrepreneurshipmovementhasitscritics'especiallyamongthosewho
seecollegeasatimeforextensiveacademicexploration.“Ijustdon'tthinkthat
entrepreneurshiprankssohighintermsofnational:
need,”saysDanielS.Greenberg,
ScienceforSale:
ThePerils,RewardsandDelusionsofCampusCapitalism.authorof
LeonardA.Schlesinger,BabsonCollege'spresident,saysthatthequestionof
whetherinnovationcanreallybetaughtis“anage-oldargument.”
6.WhenGoogleandFacebookwereestablished,thefounderswerestill__________.
A.inhighschoolB.inthearmy
C.inprimaryschoolD.atcollege
educationentrepreneurshipofpurposemaintheiswhatpassage,thetoAccording7.
A.Topreparestudentsforfutureacademiclife.
B.Topreparestudentstofredoppommitiesandseizethem.
C.Topreparestudentsforoverseascareer.
D.Topreparestudentstodevelopinterpersonalskills.
8.Theword“prototype”inthefourthparagraphismostlikelytomean__________
A.modelB.strategyC.methodD.stage
9.WhatdoesDanielS.Greenbergthinkofentrepreneurshipeducation
A.Entrepreneurship,oratleastcertainelementsofit,canbetaught.
B.Anentrepreneurshipprogramcanhelpstudentsfindwhattheyreallylikeand
entrepreneurshipisn'tallaboutbusiness.
C.Entrepreneurshipshouldbespreadacrossdifferentfields.
D.Collegesshouldn'tputtoomuchemphasisonentrepreneurshipprograms.
10.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage
A.Entrepreneurshipcoursesinbusinessschools.
B.Qualitiesofanentrepreneur.
C.Entrepreneurshipeducationincolleges.
D.Kidsintheinformationage.
Passage3
Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
Regretisascommonanemotionasloveorfear,anditcanbenearlyaspowerful.
So,inanewpaper,tworesearcherssetabouttryingtofindoutwhatthetypical
Americanregretsmost.Intelephonesurveys,NealRoese,apsychologistandprofessor
ofmarketingattheSchoolofmanagementatNorthwesternUniverSity,andMikeMorrison,
adoctoralcandidateinpsychologyatUniversityofIllinois,asked370Americans,
aged19to103,totalkabouttheirmostnotableregret.Participantswereaskedwhat
theregretwas,whenithappened,whetheritwasaresultofsomethingtheydidor
didn'tdo,andwhetheritwassomethingthatcouldstillbefixed.
Themostcommonlymentionedregretsinvolvedromance(浪漫的事)(18%)——lost
lovesorunfulfilledrelationships.Familyregretscameinsecond(16%),withpeople
stillfeelingbadlyaboutbeingunkindtotheirbrothersorsistersinchildhood.
Otherfrequentlyreportedregretsinvolvedcareer(13%),education(12%),money(10%)
andparenting(9%).
RoeseandMorrison'sstudy,whichistobepublishedinSocialPsychologicaland
PersonalityScience,issignificantinthatitsurveyedawiderangeoftheAmerican
public,includingpeopleofallagesandsocio-economicandeducationalbackgrounds.
Previousstudiesonregrethavefocusedlargelyoncollegestudents,whopredictably
tendtohaveeducation-focusedregrets,likewishingtheyhadstudiedharderora
differentmajor.Thenewsurveyshowsthatinthelargerpopulation,aperson'slife
circumstancesaccomplishments,shortcomings,situationinlife-inject
considerablefuelintothefiresofregret,theauthorswrite.
(79)Peoplewithlesseducation,forinstance,weremorelikelytoreport
educationregrets.Peoplewithhigherlevelsofeducationhadthemostcareerregrets.
Andthosewithnoromanticparmertendedtoholdregretsregardinglove.
Brokendown(分解、细分)bysex,morewomen(44%)thanmen(19%)hadregretsabout
loveandfamilynotsurprising,sincewomenvaluesocialrelationshipsmorethan
men,theauthorswrite.Incontrast,men(34%)weremorelikelythanwomen(27%)to
mentionwork-relatedregrets,wishingthey'dchosenadifferentcareerpath,for
instance,orfollowedtheirpassion.(80)Manyparticipantsalsoreportedwishing
theyhadworkedlesstospendmoretimewiththeirchildren.
Therewasanevensplitbetweenregretsaboutinaction(notdoingsomething)and
action(doingsomethingyouwishyoudidn't).But,likepreviousstudies,thecurrent
researchfoundthatsomeregretsaremorelikelythanotherstopersistovertime:
peopletendtohangonlongertotheregretofinaction;meanwhile,regretsofaction
tendtobemorerecent.
11.Inthesecondparagraph,theauthorshows__________.
A.theresearchers'findingsB.theimportanceoffamily
C.theimportanceofmoneyD.theimportanceofcareer
12.Accordingtothepassage,collegestudentparticipantsmainlyhadregretsabout
their__________.
A.familyandchildhoodB.studyandmajor
C.careerandjobD.romanceandfear
13.Theword
otableinthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto__________.
A.commonB.capable
C.wond