BIM课程论文.docx

BIM课程论文.docx

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BIM课程论文

TheuseofBIMtoolsinbuildinglifecycle

Abstract:

Withthedevelopmentofinformationtechnology,ithasbeenpossibletomaketheconstructioninformatizationdevelopbetterandbetter.WithmoreandmoreengineeringconstructionsadoptingtheBIM,BIMhasbeenahottopicinbuildingfield.BIMplayaroleintheprocessofbuildingconstruction,forexample,feasibilitystudy,predesignschematicdesign,designdevelopment,constructiondetailing,constructionreview.

BIMisanemergingtechnologicalandproceduralshiftwithintheArchitecture,Engineering,ConstructionandOperations（AECO）industry.Throughabundantpractices,thefunctionofBIMhasbeenexpandedtoawiderfield.

ThepresentdissertationhasgaveabriefintroductiontoBIM,relatingtoissuesofproductionandmanagementmetindifferentstagesofthewholelifecycle.

keywords：

BIM（BuildingInformationModeling）,projectmanagement,lifecycleofaproject.

TableofContents

Chapter1Introduction..........................................................................................1

1.1ThebackgroundofBIM............................................................................1

1.2ThedefinitionofBIM................................................................................2

1.3Thedefinitionoflifecycle...........................................................................2

Chapter2ThevalueofapplyingBIMinthebuildinglifecycle........................3

2.1TheadvantagesforapplyingBIMindesign.............................................3

2.1.1Visualization2.1.2Convenienceformanagingthedrawings.........3

2.1.2Convenienceformanagingthedrawings........................................3

2.1.3Convenienceforsavingtime............................................................4

2.1.4Coordinateeverypart.....................................................................4

2.15lowerpowerdesign............................................................................5

2.1.6ConvenienceforBIM-basedconceptdesign..................................5

2.1.7Decreasethedesignerrorsbyusingclashdetection.....................6

Chapter3IntroductionoftheuseandtheadvantagesforapplyingBIMinconstruction...............................................................................................................7

3.1ApplyBIMtotheconstruction..................................................................7

3.1.1Reviewthedesigntolookfordesignflaw.....................................7

3.1.2Guideforlayoutofconstructionsites...............................................7

3.1.3Guideforscaffolding..........................................................................8

3.1.4Guideforconstructionprocess..........................................................8

3.1.5Useinreinforcedengineering............................................................8

3.1.6Useinconstructionbudget.................................................................8

Chapter4TheuseandtheadvantagesforapplyingBIMinoperationandmaintenancephase.....................................................................................................8

Chapter5Barriersfromprofessionalapplications...............................................10

5.1ThebarriersexistinginthedevelopmentofBIM....................................10

5.2Thesolutionsforthebarriers.....................................................................11

Chapter6ProspectofBIM.....................................................................................12

References.................................................................................................................13

Chapter1Introduction

1.1ThebackgroundofBIM

AllCADsystemsgeneratedigitalfiles.OlderCADsystemsproduce2Ddrawings.Theygeneratefilesthatconsistprimarilyofvectors,associatedlinetypesandlayeridentifications.Thenpeoplemakeuseofthedividedandfragmentedtocommunicate.Withthesetechniqueswerefurtherdeveloped,additionalinformationwasaddedtothesefiles.Blocksofdatamakethebuildingprojectmorereasonableandstandard.Withtheintroductionof3Dmodeling,advanceddefinitionandcomplexsurfacingtoolswereadded[1].

Intheprocessofpaper-basedmodesofcommunication.Errorsandomissionsinpaperdocumentsoftencauseunanticipatedcosts,delays,andeventuallawsuitsbetweenthevariousanddividedpartiesinaprojectteam.Theseproblemscausefriction,financialexpense,anddelays.Effortstoaddresssuchproblemshaveincluded:

alternativeorganizationalstructuressuchasthedesign-buildmethod;theuseofreal-timetechnology,suchasprojectWebsitesforsharingplansanddocuments;andtheimplementationof3DCADtools[3].Thoughthesemethodshaveimprovedthetimelyexchangeofinformation,theyhavedonelittletoreducetheseverityandfrequencyofconflictscausedbypaperdocumentsortheirelectronicequivalents.Oneofthemostcommonproblemsassociatedwith2D-basedcommunicationduringthedesignphaseistheconsiderabletimeandexpenserequiredtogeneratecriticalassessmentinformationaboutaproposeddesign,includingcostestimates,energy-useanalysis,structuraldetails,andsoforth.Theseanalysesarenormallydonelast,whenitisalreadytoolatetomakeimportantchanges[1].Becausetheseiterativeimprovementsdonothappenduringthedesignphase,valueengineeringmustthenbeundertakentoaddressinconsistencies,whichoftenresultsincompromisestotheoriginaldesign.

Traditionally,constructionpracticesareconductedintotallydifferentprogramsthatarenotcompatible.Theengineersfocusontheirownareaandworkandusetheirownsoftwaretoconducttheengineeringpractices.However,therearetheneedtotransformandusedifferentdataandinformationwhicharemanagedbydifferentpeoplefromallarea.Asworksoftwaresbecamemoreintelligent,moreuserswantedtosharedataassociatedwithagivendesign,thefocusshiftedfromdrawingsand3Dimagestothedataitself.Meanwhile,theerrorandinconsistencybetweeneveryworkpartywillbethemainobstaclesexistinginthewaytomakeuseofdatacomprehensively.BIMallowstheinvolvedpartstomakeinformationintoaunifieddatasource.AbuildingmodelproducedbyaBIMtoolcansupportmultipledifferentviewsofthedatacontainedwithinadrawingset,including2Dand3D.ThroughBIM,allpartiescansharethesamedata,timeisgreatlysaved,theerrorsdecrease,theengineeringprojectsgomoresmoothly.

Withthedevelopmentofinformationtechnology,ithasbeenpossibletomaketheconstructioninformationizationdevelopbetterandbetter.WithmoreandmoreengineeringconstructionsadoptingtheBIM,BIMhasbeenahottopicinbuildingfield.Moreover,BIMareshowingmoreuniquefunctionsincurrentengineeringconstruction.Inwesterncountries,BIMhasbeenappliedtoengineeringextensively.InChinatoday,BIMcomesintoengineerandarchitectinarapidspeed.However,whatBIMis？

1.2ThedefinitionofBIM

Uptonow,therearenotthestandarddefinitionaboutBIMinChina.TheNationalInstituteofBuildingSciences（NIBS）definesBIMasfollows:

Abuildinginformationmodel,orBIM,utilizescuttingedgedigitaltechnologytoestablishacompatablerepresentationofallthephysicalandfunctionalcharacteristicsofafacilityanditsrelatedproject/life-cycleinformation,andisintendedtobearepositoryofinformationforthefacilityowner/operatortouseandmaintainthroughoutthelife-cycleofafacility.

BIMisanemergingtechnologicalandproceduralshiftwithintheArchitecture,Engineering,ConstructionandOperations（AECO）industry.Throughabundantpractices,thefunctionofBIMhasbeenexpandedtoawiderfield.MoreandmorenewtechniquesareassociatedwithBIM,whichmakeBIMbeastrongtoolindifferentpartsofbuildingprojects,especiallyinbuildinglifecycle.BIMcanaccommodatemanyofthefunctionsneededtomodelthelifecycleofabuilding,providingthebasisfornewdesignandconstructioncapabilitiesandchangesintherolesandrelationshipsamongaprojectteam[3].

1.3Thedefinitionoflifecycle

Forlifecycle,itreferstotheconstructionprojectrelatedtothedevelopment,fromtheprocessoffeasibilitystudy,design,bidding,construction,rentaloperations,demolition.

Chapter2ThevalueofapplyingBIMinthebuildinglifecycle

2.1TheadvantagesforapplyingBIMindesign

Designisateameffort,involvingtheowner,thearchitectandspecialistdesignersandengineers,andwithgrowingrecognition,othersinvolvedintheproject’sfabricationanderection.Intraditionaldesign,aprojectmayneedtopasstheseprocesses,feasibilitystudy,predesignschematicdesign,designdevelopment,constructiondetailing,constructionreview.Thisisacomplicatedprocess.IfBIMisappliedtothisprocess,itwillplayauniquerole.Allthepartsinvolvedintheprojectcancontinuetheirworkinaunionplatform.

2.1.1Visualization

Visualizationincludesdesignvisualizationandschedulevisualization.Designvisualizationallowsthedesignertocomparevariousdesignoptionswithavarietyofmaterials,textures,colorsandlayouts.The3DmodelgeneratedbytheBIMsoftwareisdesigneddirectlyratherthanbeinggeneratedfrommultiple2Dviews.Itcanbeusedtovisualizethedesignatanystageoftheprocesswiththeexpectationthatitwillbedimensionallyconsistentineveryview.BIMintroducesrenderingsin3Dthatprovidearealisticrepresentationofthecolorandtextureofmaterials,whichallowsthedesignerstoexplorethemodelvisually.Modelrenderingalsohelpsthedesignerin