综合类职称英语辅导教材补全短文.docx

综合类职称英语辅导教材补全短文.docx

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综合类职称英语辅导教材补全短文

2011年综合类职称英语辅导教材补全短文第1篇

ReinventingtheTable[综合类职称英语教材]

Anearthscientisthasrejiggedtheperiodictable1tomakechemistrysimplertoteachtostudents.

1ButBruceRailsbackfromtheUniversityofGeorgia3saysheisthefirsttocreateatablethatbreakswithtraditionandshowstheionsofeachelementratherthanjusttheelementsthemselves.

“Igottiredofbreakingmyarmstryingtoexplaintheperiodictabletoearthstudents,”hesays,criss-crossinghishandsintheairandpointingtodifferentbitsofatraditionaltable.2Buthehasaddedcontourlinestochargedensity,helpingtoexplainwhichionsreactwithwhich.

“Geochemistsjustwantanintuitivesenseofwhat’sgoingonwiththeelements,”saysAlbertGalyfromtheUniversityofCambridge4.3

4Heexplainsthatsulphur,forexample,showsupinthreedifferentspots—oneforsulphide,whichisfoundinminerals,oneforsulphite,andoneforsulphate,whichisfoundinseasalt,forinstance.

Hehasalsoincludedsymbolstoshowwhichionsarenutrients,andwhicharecommoninsoilorwater.5.

词汇：

resignn.调整,重新安排

criss-crossvt.交叉

geochemistn.地球化学家

sulphiden.硫化物

sulphaten.硫酸盐

ionn.离子

protonn.质子

sulphurn.硫磺

sulphiten.亚硫酸盐

nutrientn.滋养物

注释：

1.theperiodictable：

元素周期表

2.Mendeleev：

门捷列夫

3.theUniversityofGeorgia：

乔治亚大学

4.theUniversityofCambridge：

剑桥大学

练习：

A.TherehavebeenmanyattemptstoredesigntheperiodictablesinceDmitriMendeleev2drewitupin1871.

B.Railsbackhasstillorderedtheelementsaccordingtothenumberofprotonstheyhave.

C.“Iimaginethiswouldbegoodforundergraduates.”

D.Railsbackhaslistedsomeelementsmorethanonce.

E.Andthesizeofelement’ssymbolreflectshowmuchofitisfoundintheEarth’scrust.

F.Thetraditionalperiodictablewaswelldrawn.

答案：

1.A2.B3.C4.D5.

2011年综合类职称英语辅导教材补全短文第2篇

TheMagicofSound[综合类职称英语教材]

Musicisoneofthemostbeautifulformsofartisticexpressionseverinvented.Inmoviesandplays，musichasanaddedfunction1:

itnotonlymovespeoplebutalsocanshockpeople.Isittruethatanordinarymusicalinstrumentcanbesopowerful?

Oureardrumscanwithstandsoundwithin20to80decibels.Oncesoundexceedsthislimit2，evenbeautifulmusicwillbecomeear-splittingnoise3andharmhealth.Astrongblastofhighsoundcantwistandbreakasolidironsheet.　　1　　

Thenoisefromaplane’sengineisover140decibels.However，thesoundofafluteisatmostafewdecibels.　　2　　Ithasbeenproventhatpeoplewhohaveworkedinanenvironmentwithahighsoundintensityforalongtimesuffervaryingdegreesofheartdiseaseoralteredbrainwaves.

Inmovies，sometimestheherocanproduceasoundthatordinarypeoplecan’thearandonlythosewhohavethesameabilitycanfeel.Innature，thereisactuallysoundthatisbeyondourhearing.Inphysics，thesoundthatexceeds20,000Hziscalledultrasonic.　　3　　Itdoesnoharmtohealth.

Soundlessthan20Hziscalledinfrasonicwaves.Whenwemove，theairwillvibrate.　　4　　Asthefrequencyofinfrasonicwavesisclosetothatofpeople’sinternalorgans4,infrasonicwavemaycauseresonanceinhumanbodies.Asaresult，people’svisionmayweakenandinternalorgansmayrupture.However，whetheraninfrasonicwavecanbeusedasaweapondependsonitsintensity5.Ifitsintensityisverylow，itwon’tdamageinternalorgansoraperson’shealth.　　5　　Whenwindblowsataforceof3or4overthesea6,itwillproduceinfrasonicwavesofseveraldecibels.Onlytyphoonscanproduceinfrasonicwavesofover100decibels.Atpresent，scientistscanonlyproduceinfrasonicweaponsinthelabwiththehelpofadvancedscientifictoolsandpowerfulelectricpower.

词汇:

eardrumn.耳膜

infrasonicadj.次声（波）的

twistv.使卷曲，使扭曲

fluten.长笛

Hz=hertzn.赫兹

ultrasonicadj.超声波的n.超声波

withstandv.抵挡，经受住

decibeln.分贝

resonancen.共振

rupturen.破裂v.（使）破裂

typhoonn.台风

注释：

1.　anaddedfunction：

另加的一种功能

2.　Oncesoundexceedsthislimit：

一旦声音超过了这个界限。

once是时间状语从句的连词。

如：

Onceyouhavelearnedhowtoswim，youwilllovethissport.一旦你学会了游泳，你会爱上这一运动的。

3.　ear-splittingnoise：

震耳欲聋的噪音

4.　Asthefrequencyofinfrasonicwavesisclosetothatofpeople’sinternalorgans：

由于次声波的频率接近于人体内部器官的频率。

that指代前面的frequency。

5.　However，whetheraninfrasonicwavecanbeusedasaweapondependsonitsintensity：

但是，次声波能否用作武器取决于次声波的强度。

whetheraninfrasonicwavecanbeusedasaweapon是从句，用作句子的主语。

6.Whenwindblowsataforceof3or4overthesea：

当海面上吹起3—4级风的时候

练习:

AHighsoundof150decibelscankillahealthyrat.

BThevibrationofaircanproduceinfrasonicwaves.

CWecannotplayhigh-pitchedmusic

withordinarymusicalinstruments.

DIftheintensityofinfrasonicwaveexceeds160decibels，itisextremelyharmful.

EDolphins，whalesandbatscanmakesuchhigh-frequencysound.

FTherefore，thesoundofordinarymusicalinstrumentscannotharmyourhealth.

答案：

1.A2.F3.E4.B5.D

2011年综合类职称英语辅导教材补全短文第3篇

TimeintheAnimalWorld[综合类职称英语教材]

RhythmcontrolseverythinginNature.　　1　　

Thesunprovidesabasictimerhythmforalllivingcreaturesincludinghumans.Nearlyallanimalsareinfluencedbysuncyclesandhavedevelopedabiologicalclockintheirbodiesfollowingthesecycles.Themoonalsoexertsitsforceandinfluenceonthesea.Itsgravitationalattractioncausestherisingofthetide.

2　　WhenthemoonisbehindtheEarth，centrifugalforcecausesthesecondtideoftheday.

Animalslivingintidalareasmusthavetheinstinctofpredictingthesechanges，toavoidbeingstrandedanddyingofdehydration.Sincethetimeofthedinosaurs，thekingcrabhasbeenlayingeggs1attheseasideinasetway2.Toavoidpredatorfish3，theeggsarealwaysfarfromseawaterandprotectedbysand.Inthefollowingtwomonths，theeggsundergodramaticchangesrelatedtothecyclesofthemoon4.Whenthesecondspringtidecomes，theyoungkingcrabshavematured.　　3　　

Mostofthemammals，eitherthegiantelephantorthesmallshrew，havethesameaveragetotalnumberofheartbeatsintheirlifetime.Shrewsliveonlyfortwoandahalfyears,andspendtheirlifeatahighspeedandhightempo.Animalslikeshrewswithapulserateof600perminutehaveanaveragetotalofeighthundredmillionheartbeats5throughouttheirlife.TheAfricanelephanthasapulserateof25beatsperminute，andalifespan6of60years.Thesizeofthebodydeterminesthespeedoflife.　　4　　

Aswegetolder，oursenseoftimeisbeinginfluencedbythephysiologicalchangesofourbody.Theelderlyspendmoretimeresting，anddofewsports.　　5　　Forachild，aweekisseenasalongtime.

词汇：

rhythmn.节奏

slapv.拍击

exertv.施加

gravitationaladj.重力作用的

centrifugaladj.离心力的

strandv.使搁浅

dehydrationn.脱水

dinosaurn.恐龙

kingcrabn.鲎

predatorn.食肉动物

shrewn.鼩鼱

tempon.节奏，速度

pulsen.脉搏

spann.跨度

physiologicaladj.生理的

注释：

1.layingeggs：

产卵

2.inasetway：

以一种固有的方式

3.Predatorfish：

食肉鱼

4.Undergodramaticchangesrelatedtothecyclesofthemoon：

经受与月亮周期有关的巨大变化。

relatedtothecyclesofthemoon是过去分词短语，作后置定语，修饰changes。

5.Eighthundredmillionheartbeats：

8亿次心跳

6.lifespan：

一生

练习：

AForanadult，timegoesfastyearbyyear.

BItcontrols，forexample，theflappingofbirds’wings，thebeatingoftheheartandtherisingandsettingofthesun.

CThelargertheanimalis，thelongeritslifespanisandthesloweritslifetempois.

DThetidegoesoutwhenthemoodmovesawayanditsattractionisweaker.

EWealwaystendtothinka11theanimalshavethesamesenseoftimeashumanbeings.

FThesecondspringtidetakesthembacktothesea.

答案：

1.B2.D3.F4.C5.A

2011年综合类职称英语辅导教材补全短文第4篇

TeamworkinTourism[综合类职称英语教材]

Growingcooperationamongbranchesoftourismhasprovedvaluabletoallconcerned1.Governmentbureaus，tradeandtravelassociations，carriersandproperties2areallworkingtogethertobringaboutoptimum3conditionsfortravelers.

1Theyhaveknowledgeofallareasandallcarrierservices，andtheyareexpertsinorganizingdifferenttypesoftoursandinpreparingeffectiveadvertisingcampaigns.Theydistributematerialstoagencies，suchasjournals，brochures4andadvertisingprojects.2

Touristcounselorsgivevaluableseminars5toacquaintagentswithnewprogramsandtechniquesinselling.3

Propertiesandagenciesworkcloselytogethertomakethemostsuitablecontracts,consideringboththecomfortoftheclientsandtheirownprofitablefinancialarrangement.4

5Carriersaredependentuponagenciestosupplypassengers，andagenciesaredependentuponcarrierstopresentthemwithmarketabletours.Allservicesmustworktogetherforgreaterefficiency，fairpricingandcontentedcustomers.

词汇：

bureaun.局，部门sponsorv.发起，赞助

agencyn.（旅行）社acquaintv.使熟悉

Car-rentaln.汽车租赁purchasen.购买

contentedadj.满意的

注释：

1.concerned：

concerned一词作定语时常常放在所修饰的词或短语的后面，表示“有关的”。

例如：

Everyoneconcernedmustsigntheirnameshere.

2.carriersandproperties：

指运输公司和房地产公司。

3.optimum：

形容词，意为“最佳的”。

又如：

anoptimumtemperatureforthiskindofflower:

适合这种花生长的最佳温度

4.brochure：

指具有宣传性质的小册子

5.seminar：

研讨会

6.conversely：

相反地，反过来说。

又如：

Theteachergavethestudentsknowledge，andconversely，thestudentsofferedtheteachertheirwarmestgratitude.

练习：

AThesameconfidenceexistsbetweenagenciesandcarriers，includingcar-rentalandsight-seeingservices.

BTheyofferfamiliarizationandworkshoptourssothatinashorttimeagentscanobtainfirst-handknowledgeofthetours.

CTraveloperators，specialistsinthefieldofplanning，sponsorextensiveresearchprograms.

DAsaresultofteamwork，tourismisflouringinallcountries.

EAgenciesrelyuponthegoodservicesofhotels，and，conversely6，hotelsrelyuponagencies，

tofulfilltheircontractsandtosendthemclients.

FInthiswayagentslearntoexplaindestinationsandtosuggestdifferentmodesandcombinationsoftravel—planes，ships，trains，motorcoaches