linux下oracle112g 安装详细记录.docx
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linux下oracle112g安装详细记录
作者:
大漠飞鹰现就职于大唐软件oracle工程师DBA
1、IP规划
127.0.0.1localhost.localdomainlocalhost
#publicip
10.62.1.201rac1
10.62.1.202rac2
#privip
10.10.10.10rac1-priv
10.10.10.11rac2-priv
#vipip
10.62.1.211rac1-vip
10.62.1.212rac2-vip
#scanip
10.62.1.200rac-scan
2、磁盘规划
+DATA两个2G的盘
+DBDATA两个10G的盘
+DBRECOVERY两个5G的盘
/usr/sbin/groupadd-g501oinstall
/usr/sbin/groupadd-g502dba
/usr/sbin/groupadd-g503oper
/usr/sbin/groupadd-g504asmadmin
/usr/sbin/groupadd-g505asmoper
/usr/sbin/groupadd-g506asmdba
/usr/sbin/useradd-goinstall-Gdba,asmdba,operoracle
/usr/sbin/useradd-goinstall-Gasmadmin,asmdba,asmoper,oper,dbagrid
[root@ora1~]#idoracle
uid=501（oracle）gid=501（oinstall）groups=501（oinstall）,502（dba）,503（oper）,506（asmdba）
[root@ora1~]#idgrid
uid=502（grid）gid=501（oinstall）
groups=501（oinstall）,502（dba）,503（oper）,504（asmadmin）,505（asmoper）,506（asmdba）
3、建立用户组
mkdir-p/u01/app/grid
mkdir-p/u01/app/11.2.0/grid
chown-Rgrid:
oinstall/u01
mkdir-p/u01/app/oracle
chown-Roracle:
oinstall/u01/app/oracle
chmod-R775/u01
4、设置环境变量
Grid用户
vi/home/grid/.bash_profile
aliasdf='df-h'
aliasdu='du-sh'
aliasla='ls-lha'
ORACLE_SID=+ASM1;exportORACLE_SID
JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java;exportJAVA_HOME
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid;exportORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/11.2.0/grid;exportORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_PATH=/u01/app/oracle/common/oracle/sql;exportORACLE_PATH
ORACLE_TERM=xterm;exportORACLE_TERM
NLS_DATE_FORMAT="DD-MON-YYYYHH24:
MI:
SS";exportNLS_DATE_FORMAT
TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin;exportTNS_ADMIN
ORA_NLS11=$ORACLE_HOME/nls/data;exportORA_NLS11
PATH=.:
${JAVA_HOME}/bin:
${PATH}:
$HOME/bin:
$ORACLE_HOME/bin
PATH=${PATH}:
/usr/bin:
/bin:
/usr/bin/X11:
/usr/local/bin
PATH=${PATH}:
/u01/app/common/oracle/bin
exportPATH
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:
$ORACLE_HOME/oracm/lib
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:
/lib:
/usr/lib:
/usr/local/lib
exportLD_LIBRARY_PATH
CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE
CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:
$ORACLE_HOME/jlib
CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:
$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:
$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlib
exportCLASSPATH
THREADS_FLAG=native;exportTHREADS_FLAG
exportTEMP=/tmp
exportTMPDIR=/tmp
umask022
oracle用户
vi/home/oracle/.bash_profile
aliasdf='df-h'
aliasdu='du-sh'
aliasla='ls-lha'
ORACLE_SID=racdb1;exportORACLE_SID
ORACLE_UNQNAME=racdb;exportORACLE_UNQNAME
JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java;exportJAVA_HOME
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle;exportORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1;exportORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_PATH=/u01/app/common/oracle/sql;exportORACLE_PATH
ORACLE_TERM=xterm;exportORACLE_TERM
NLS_DATE_FORMAT="DD-MON-YYYYHH24:
MI:
SS";exportNLS_DATE_FORMAT
TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin;exportTNS_ADMIN
ORA_NLS11=$ORACLE_HOME/nls/data;exportORA_NLS11
PATH=.:
${JAVA_HOME}/bin:
${PATH}:
$HOME/bin:
$ORACLE_HOME/bin
PATH=${PATH}:
/usr/bin:
/bin:
/usr/bin/X11:
/usr/local/bin
PATH=${PATH}:
/u01/app/common/oracle/bin
exportPATH
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:
$ORACLE_HOME/oracm/lib
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:
/lib:
/usr/lib:
/usr/local/lib
exportLD_LIBRARY_PATH
CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE
CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:
$ORACLE_HOME/jlib
CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:
$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:
$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlib
exportCLASSPATH
THREADS_FLAG=native;exportTHREADS_FLAG
exportTEMP=/tmp
exportTMPDIR=/tmp
umask022
5、修改系统参数：
vi/etc/security/limits.conf
#ORACLESETTING
gridsoftnproc2047
gridhardnproc16384
gridsoftnofile1024
gridhardnofile65536
oraclesoftnproc2047
oraclehardnproc16384
oraclesoftnofile1024
oraclehardnofile65536
vi/etc/pam.d/login
#ORACLESETTING
sessionrequiredpam_limits.so
#vi/etc/sysctl.conf
#ORACLESETTING
fs.aio-max-nr=1048576
fs.file-max=6815744
kernel.shmall=2097152
kernel.shmmax=536870912
kernel.shmmni=4096
kernel.sem=25032000100128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range=900065500
net.core.rmem_default=262144
net.core.rmem_max=4194304
net.core.wmem_default=262144
net.core.wmem_max=1048586
重起生效
/sbin/sysctl–p
vi/etc/profile
if[$USER="oracle"]||[$USER="grid"];then
if[$SHELL="/bin/ksh"];then
ulimit-p16384
ulimit-n65536
else
ulimit-u16384-n65536
fi
umask022
fi
vi/etc/csh.login
if（$USER=="oracle"）||（$USER=="grid"）then
limitmaxproc16384
limitdescriptors65536
umask022
endif
6、gird时间同步所需要的设置（11gR2新增检查项）
#NetworkTimeProtocolSetting
/sbin/servicentpdstop
chkconfigntpdoff
mv/etc/ntp.conf/etc/ntp.conf.org
7、配置创建ASM
格式化硬盘
fdisk/dev/sdb
需要你输入的依次是"n/p/1/回车/回车/w"。
DevicecontainsneitheravalidDOSpartitiontable,norSun,SGIorOSFdisklab
el
BuildinganewDOSdisklabel.Changeswillremaininmemoryonly,
untilyoudecidetowritethem.Afterthat,ofcourse,theprevious
contentwon'tberecoverable.
Thenumberofcylindersforthisdiskissetto1044.
Thereisnothingwrongwiththat,butthisislargerthan1024,
andcouldincertainsetupscauseproblemswith:
1）softwarethatrunsatboottime（e.g.,oldversionsofLILO）
2）bootingandpartitioningsoftwarefromotherOSs
（e.g.,DOSFDISK,OS/2FDISK）
Warning:
invalidflag0x0000ofpartitiontable4willbecorrectedbyw（rite）
Command（mforhelp）:
n
Commandaction
eextended
pprimarypartition（1-4）
p
Partitionnumber（1-4）:
1
Firstcylinder（1-1044,default1）:
Usingdefaultvalue1
Lastcylinderor+sizeor+sizeMor+sizeK（1-1044,default1044）:
Usingdefaultvalue1044
Command（mforhelp）:
w
Thepartitiontablehasbeenaltered!
Callingioctl（）tore-readpartitiontable.
Syncingdisks.
然后类似执行fdisk/dev/sdc，fdisk/dev/sdd,fdisk/dev/sde,fdisk/dev/sdf
安装asm所需要的支持包
安装oracleasmlib程序包。
从OTN下载ASM库，并以root用户身份安装ASMRPM
查看操作系统内核版本：
node1dev]#uname-a
Linuxnode12.6.18-8.el5xen#1SMPFriJan2614:
42:
21EST2007i686i686i386GNU/Linux
查看小版本号
rpm-qredhat-release
redhat-release-5Server-5.2.0.4
LibraryandTools
∙oracleasm-support-2.1.4-1.el5.i386.rpm
∙oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el5.i386.rpm
Driversforkernel2.6.18-92.el5
oracleasm-2.6.18-92.el5-2.0.5-1.el5.i686.rpm
oracleasm-2.6.18-92.el5PAE-2.0.5-1.el5.i686.rpm
配置asm
两个节点运行
/etc/init.d/oracleasmconfigure
ConfiguringtheOracleASMlibrarydriver.
o
Thiswillconfiguretheon-bootpropertiesoftheOracleASMlibrary
driver.Thefollowingquestionswilldeterminewhetherthedriveris
loadedonbootandwhatpermissionsitwillhave.Thecurrentvalues
willbeshowninbrackets（'[]'）.Hittingwithouttypingan
answerwillkeepthatcurrentvalue.Ctrl-Cwillabort.
Defaultusertoownthedriverinterface[]:
grid
Defaultgrouptoownthedriverinterface[]:
asmadmin
StartOracleASMlibrarydriveronboot（y/n）[n]:
y
ScanforOracleASMdisksonboot（y/n）[y]:
y
WritingOracleASMlibrarydriverconfiguration:
done
InitializingtheOracleASMLibdriver:
[OK]
ScanningthesystemforOracleASMLibdisks:
[OK]
创建asm
节点1执行
/etc/init.d/oracleasmcreatediskCRS1/dev/sdb1
/etc/init.d/oracleasmcreatediskCRS1/dev/sdc1
/etc/init.d/oracleasmcreatediskDATA1/dev/sdd1
/etc/init.d/oracleasmcreatediskDATA2/dev/sde1
/etc/init.d/oracleasmcreatediskREC1/dev/sdf1
/etc/init.d/oracleasmcreatediskREC2/dev/sdg1
/etc/init.d/oracleasmlistdisks
节点2执行
[root@rac2dev]#/etc/init.d/oracleasmscandisks
ScanningthesystemforOracleASMLibdisks:
[OK]
[root@rac2dev]#/etc/init.d/oracleasmlistdisks
CRS1
CRS2
DATA1
DATA2
REC1
REC2
8、配置信任关系设置SSH
1）.在主节点RAC1上以grid,oracle用户身份生成用户的公匙和私匙
#pingrac02
#pingrac02
#su-oracle
$mkdir~/.ssh
$ssh-keygen-trsa
$ssh-keygen-tdsa
2）.在副节点RAC2上执行相同的操作，确保通信无阻
#pingrac01
#pingrac01
#su-oracle
$mkdir~/.ssh
$ssh-keygen-trsa
$ssh-keygen-tdsa
3）.在主节点RAC1上oracle用户执行以下操作
$cat~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub>>./.ssh/authorized_keys
$cat~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub>>./.ssh/authorized_keys
$sshrac02cat~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub>>~/.ssh/authorized_keys
$sshrac02cat~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub>>~/.ssh/authorized_keys
$scp~/.ssh/authorized_keysrac02:
~/.ssh/authorized_keys
4）.主节点RAC1上执行检验操作$sshrac01date
$sshrac01date
$sshrac02date
$sshrac01-privdate
$sshrac02-privdate
5）.在副节点RAC2上执行检验操作$sshrac1date
$sshrac1date
$sshrac2date
$sshrac1-privdate
$sshrac2-privdate
9、安装cvuqdisk包并验证
在两个OracleRAC节点上安装操作系统程序包cvuqdisk。
如果没有cvuqdisk，集群验证实用程序就无法发现共享磁盘，当运行（手动运行或在OracleGridInfrastructure安装结束时自动运行）集群验证实用程序时，您会收到这样的错误消息：
“Packagecvuqdisknotinstalled”。
使用适用于您的硬件体系结构（例如，x86_64或i386）的cvuqdiskRPM。
cvuqdiskRPM包含在OracleGridInfrastructure安装介质上的rpm目录中。
设置环境变量CVUQDISK_GRP，使其指向作为cvuqdisk的所有者所在的组（本文为oinstall）：
exportCVUQDISK_GRP=oinstall
使用CVU验证是否满足Oracle集群件要求记住要作为grid用户在将要执行Oracle安装的节点（racnode1）上运行。
此外，必须为grid用户配置通过用户等效性实现的SSH连通性。
在grid软件目录里运行以下命令：
节点1执行
/home/grid/linux_11gR2_grid/grid/runcluvfy.shstage-precrsinst-nrac01,rac02-fixup-verbose
如果缺少安装包，用rpm–ivh安装
使用CVU验证硬件和操作系统设置
/home/grid/linux_11gR2_grid/grid/runcluvfy.shstage-posthwos-nrac01,rac02-verbose
10、安装crs
./runInstaller
根据提示运行一下脚本：
/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/root.sh
[root@rac2~]#/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/root.sh
RunningOracle11groot.shscript...
Thefollowingenvironmentvariablesaresetas:
ORACLE_OWNER=grid
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/11.2.0/grid
Enterthefullpathnameofthelocalbindirectory:
[/usr/local/bin]:
Copyingdbhometo/usr/local/bin...
Copyingoraenvto/usr/local/bin...
Copyingcoraenvto/usr/local/bin...
Creating/etc/
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