中西方饮食文化差异英语专业论文.docx

中西方饮食文化差异英语专业论文.docx

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中西方饮食文化差异英语专业论文

AnAnalysistotheDifferencesbetweenChineseandWesternFoodCulture

by

LiGenghe

Class1,Grade09

Tutor:

ForeignLanguagesCollegeof

CapitalNormalUniversity

Sep21,2009

摘要

本文旨在通过分析中西方饮食文化的差异以及在全球化的影响下两种饮食文化的相互互补和兼容来了解饮食文化的方方面面以及通过它来指导我们的餐饮实践活动，在提高认识的基础上扬长避短，改善饮食结构，提高饮食质量。

对跨文化交际中的饮食文化差异进行研究也能增进中西方人民的相互了解，促进交流，享受不同的饮食带来的不一样的感受。

为了使研究得出科学的结论，具有更强的说服力，本文作者主要用对比的方法对两种不同饮食文化的差异进行深入的分析，包括烹调准则、文化特征、饮食对象、用餐方式和用餐礼仪五个方面，总结出各自的特点、优缺点以及不同的历史渊源，最后倡导中餐西用把两者结合起来。

本文分为五个部分来介绍。

关键词：

饮食文化；中西；差异

Abstract

Thispaperaimstounderstandthecomplicatedaspectsoffoodcultureandtoguidethecateringthingsinrestaurantsandsoon.Inordertoachievethisgoal,thispapermakesananalysisindetailtothedifferencesoffoodculturebetweentheChineseandWesternaswellasthemutualsupplementationandcompatiblenessofthetwofoodculturesundertheglobalization.Inthebasisofimprovingourabilityofrealization,weshouldenhancethestrongpointsandavoidsweaknesses,improvingdietstructure,advancingthedietqualityandensuringeveryonetohavehealthydietintheirdailylife.Thestudyconductedofthedifferencesoffoodcultureinthemacroscopicfieldofcross-culturalcommunicationalsocanpromotethemutualunderstandingbetweenthepeopleoftheEastandWest.Itcouldpromotetheexchangeandmakepeopleenjoythedifferentfeelingsthroughthedifferentdiet.Inordertomakeoutamorescientificstudyconclusionwhichhasastrongpersuasivepower,thispapermakesathoroughanalysiswiththecontrastingmethodtothedifferencesofthetwodifferentfoodcultures.Andthisiscarriedoutinthefollowingfiveaspects:

cookingcriteria,culturalcharacteristics,foodobjects,eatinghabitsandtablemanners.Fromthis,Isummarizetheirrespectivecharacteristics,thegoodandbadpointsandthedifferenthistoricaloriginsaswellasfinallyinitiateadiningapproachtounifythemtogether.Thisarticleisdividedintofiveparts.

KeyWords:

Foodcultures;TheChineseandWestern;Differences

TableofContents

摘要1

Abstract2

TableofContents3

Outline4

I.IntroductionofFoodCulture6

A.CharacteristicsofChineseFoodCulture7

B.CharacteristicsoftheWesternFoodCulture8

II.AnalysisofCulturalDifferencesbetweenChineseandWesternFood9

A.DifferentCookingCriteria:

‘Norms’and‘Casual’9

1.NormandExactnessinWesternCooking9

2.FlavorandLibertyinChineseCooking10

BDifferentCulturalCharacteristics:

‘Individuality’and‘Harmony’11

1.Westerners’individuality12

2.ChineseHarmony12

C.DifferentFoodObjects13

D.DifferentEatingHabits15

E.DifferentTableManners17

III.UnderlyingCauses17

IV.SignificancestotheHotelCateringDepartmentsBasedontheStudy19

V.Conclusion21

References23

Outline

ThesisStatement:

ThedifferencesbetweenChineseandWesternfoodculturearederivedfromthedifferencesintheirwaysofthinkingandphilosophyoflife,andeversincetheancienttimes,ChineseandWesternfoodculture’scollisionandexchangehavelargelypromotedtheprogressanddevelopmentofhumansocietytosomedegree,makingthefoodculturebecomeanimportantpartofworldculture.

I.FoodCultureIntroduction

A.CharacteristicsofChineseFoodCulture

B.CharacteristicsoftheWesternFoodCulture

II.AnalysistotheCulturalDifferencesbetweenChineseandWesternFood

A.DifferentCookingCriteria:

‘Norms’and‘Casual’

1、NormandExactnessinWesternCooking

2、FlavorandLibertyinChineseCooking

B.DifferentCulturalCharacteristics:

‘Individuality’and‘Harmony’

1、Westerners’Individuality

2、ChineseHarmony

C.DifferentFoodObjects

D.DifferentEatingHabits

E.DifferentTableManners

III.UnderlyingCauses

IV.SignificancestotheHotelCateringDepartmentsBasedontheStudy

V.Conclusion

AnAnalysistotheDifferencesbetweenChineseandWesternFoodCulture

ThedifferencesbetweenChineseandWesternfoodculturearederivedfromthedifferencesintheirdifferentwaysofthinkingandPhilosophiesoflife:

ChinesepeoplepayattentiontotheharmonyandunitebetweenHeavenandMan;whileWesternersfocusonpeople-orientation;Chinesesitologyusesfoodtoexpressfeelingandmessageandthemeaningistoodeepandhardtodescribe.However,theWesterninterpretationoffoodisthatithastobekickshaw,andhasitsownstyle.Eversincetheancienttimes,ChineseandWesternfoodculture’scollisionandexchangehavelargelypromotedtheprogressanddevelopmentofhumansocietytosomedegree,makingthefoodculturebecomeanimportantpartofworldculture.

I.IntroductionofFoodCulture

Foodculturereferstothetechnical,scientificandartisticaspectsintheprocessofthefoodproductionandfoodconsumption,thedevelopmentandutilizationoffoodingredientsinspecificsocialgroups,aswellasthediet-basedcustoms,traditions,ideologyandphilosophy,inaword,thesumofallthefoodthingsofacombinationoftheway,process,functionoffoodproductionandconsumption（张亚红,2009）.Thestudyonfoodcultureisextremelyrichincontent.Generally,itcanbechosenfromtwoaspects:

thefirstis,thewholeanalysisandresearchaimingatspecificgroupsoffoodculturephenomenonandthesecondisthespecificanalysisandresearchonacertainareaofthefoodculturephenomenon.

A.CharacteristicsofChineseFoodCulture

Thedietisactuallythecontentofourdailylife,butwhydowesaythatitcontainsspecificculture?

ThisisbecausethediethasaspecialstatusintheChineseculture.AnditisalsodifferentbetweenChinaandtheWest.Chinesepeople'sdietstartsasearlyasintheQinDynasty.Atthattime,thetypicaldietprimarilyconsistsofthemiscellaneousgrains,inadditiontosomesupplementaryfoodsuchasvegetablesandmeat.CertainlythiskindofdietrelatestoourChinesefirstreligionBuddhismalotwhichadvocatesvegetariandiet.Andthericeisthestaplefood,butthevegetableistogetfooddown.Thericeisnotdelicious,sopeoplemusteatthevegetablewhichismoredeliciousthanricetogetthericedown.AndthisurgesChinesecookingtomaketheunsavoryfoodtobecomethedeliciousfood,whichgraduallybecomesthemostimportantgoalofcooking.MoreoverthetechnologyofdietprocessinginChinesecookingisfirst-class,thusmanifestingthecharacteristicsofChineseculture.TheChinesecooking'sdietprocesstechnologyisfirst-classintheworld,thusithasmanifestedtheChineseculturecharacteristic.

AlltheseenabletheChinesedietculturetohavethefollowingcharacteristics.First,theChinesecookingtechnologyhasdevelopedalotandmanythingswhichdonotlooklikeeatablefoodintheWesterners’eyescanbecomethefoodrichintheappearance,thefragranceandthetasteundertheChinesechef'scarefulcooking.Second,Chineserecipesarewidespread,andeverythingthatcanbeeatenwillbefullused.andeverythingthatcanbeeatenwillbefullyused.TheWestbotanist,theChineseeatmorethansixtimestypesofvegetablesthantheWesterners.Third,FortheChinesepeople,thepursuitofeatingisjusttopursuebesthappinessoflife,foodbecomingthefirstrequirement.

B.CharacteristicsoftheWesternFoodCulture

IntheWesterndiet,meatalwayshasahighproportionbecausethedietwasinitiallybasemainlyonanimalhusbandry.Inthemoderntimes,althoughtheproportionofcropcultivationhasbeenincreasing,theproportionofmeatinthedietisstillmuchhigherthanthatofChina.Asthenaturaldelicioustasteofmeat,fortheWesternersthereisnoneedoftoomuchdecorationforfood,limitingthedevelopmentofcooking.Europeansmostlyusetoolstoshowtheiraffluence,forinstance,thenumberofkindsandluxurybecomethecontenttocareabout.Moreover,theywillnotmakethepursuitofeatingwhichiseasytosatisfytobethepursuitofthebesthappiness.

WetakeEuropeandAmericaasarepresentativefortheWest,foritsculturesimilarlyhasawell-establishedandlonghistory.Tothemiddleages,theEuropeanculturehadgrownup,andduringthattimetheoldWest’sdietculturehadalreadyformed.Itsmainfeaturewas:

thebreadflourwasthestaplefood,rawmaterialwasalsoveryrich,theirmanufacturingmethodwassimplerthanthatofChina,buttheyalsopaidgreatattentiontothetaste.

II.AnalysisofCulturalDifferencesbetweenChineseandWesternFood

Therearedistinctivefoodculturesindifferentnationsandcountries,withstrongnationalcharacteranddiversityoffeatures.FoodProduct,duetothegeographicalfeatures,theclimateoftheenvironmentandthecustomsandsoon,willappeargreatdifferenceintherawmaterials,taste,cookingmethodsandeatinghabits.ThecomparisonofthedifferencesbetweenChineseandWesternfoodculturewillbefromthefollowingfiveareas:

differentcookingcriteria,differentculturalcharacteristics,differentfoodobjects,differenteatinghabitsanddifferenttablemanners.

A.DifferentCookingCriteria:

‘Norms’and‘Casual’

1.NormandExactnessinWesternCooking

Westernersemphasizescienceandnutrition,sothewholeprocessofcookingisinstrictaccordancewiththescientificnorm.Theuseofrecipesisanexcellentprooftothis.IntheWesternrecipesthemeasurementiscalculatedbygramsandinthesurfacetherecipeseemstobescientific.Westernersarealwaysholdingrecipestogotobuyfoodandmakedishes,butcomparedtoChinesecooking,itisaverymechanicalthing,soinfrontofcomplexcircumstancesitisoftenpowerless.AndthisconsistencyhasledtoadrawbackofWesternfood-thelackoffeatures.Whenpeopleareindifferentplaces,whenyouwanttotastethelocalcuisine,definitelynoonewouldchoos