2019年 上海高三英语二模-6选4 有答案Word格式.docx

2019年 上海高三英语二模-6选4 有答案Word格式.docx

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E.Butitcandriveuprealestatepricesanddisplacelow-andmiddle–incomeresidents.

F.Environmentalgentrificationnaturalizesthedisappearanceofmanufacturingandtheworkingclass.

SustainableCitiesNeedMoreThanParks,CafesandaRiverwalk

Therearemanystandardsthataimtorankhowgreencitiesare.Butwhatdoesitactuallymeanforacitytobegreenorsustainable?

We’vewrittenaboutwhatwecallthe“Parks,cagesandaRiverwalk”modelofsustainability,whichfocusesonprovidingnewgreenspaces,mainlyforhigh-incomepeople.Thisvisionofshinyresidentialtowersandwaterfrontparkshasbecomeawidely-sharedconceptionofwhatgreencitiesshouldlooklike.67

Gentrification（住宅高档化）hasbecomeacatch-alltermusedtodescribeneighborhoodchange,andisoftenmisunderstoodastheonlypathtoneighborhoodimprovement.Infact,itsdefiningfeatureisdisplacement.Typically,peoplewhomoveintothesechangingneighborhoodsarewealthierandmoreeducatedthanresidentswhoaredisplaced.

Arecentfloodofnewresearchhasfocusedonthedisplacementeffectsofenvironmentalcleanupandgreenspaceinitiatives.68

Landfornewdevelopmentandresourcestofundextensivecleanupofpoisonoussitesarescarceinmanycities,69Andinneighborhoodswheregentrificationhasalreadybegun,anewparkorfarmersmarketcanworsentheproblembymakingtheareaevenmoreattractivetopotentialhigh-incomepeopleandpricingoutlong-termresidents.Insomecases,developersevencreatetemporarycommunitygardensorfarmersmarketsorpromisemoregreenspacethantheyeventuallydeliver,inordertomarketaneighborhoodtobuyerslookingforgreenpleasantness.

70Itmakesdeindustrializationseembothinevitableanddesirable,oftenbyquiteliterallyreplacingindustrywithmorenatural-lookinglandscapes.Whentheseneighborhoodsarefinallycleanedup,afteryearsofactivismbylongtimeresidents,thoseadvocatesoftenareunabletostayandenjoythebenefitsoftheirefforts.

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2019嘉定二模

A.Webelieveitoffersawaytoreceivesupportthatisoftenlacking.

B.Thementoringprogramwaslaunchedin2013inoneofthepoliceforcesinEnglandandWales.

C.Formalmentoringprogramsprovideanopportunitytoencouragethediscussionofdifficultandsensitivetopics.

D.However,whatwearewonderingiswhymentoringhassuchgreatimpactonmentorsaswellasmentees.

E.Mentorsheardtheirmentees’accountsofanxictyandrealizedthesefeelings---whichtheyalsoshared---werecommon.

F.Weknowfarless,howeverabouthowmentoringmightbenefitmentorsthemselves.

Decadesofresearchhasdemonstratedhowjunioremployeesbenefitfrombeingmentored（指导）.Guidancefromseniorcolleagueshasalsobeenshowntoenhancementees’jobperformanceandsatisfaction.____67____

Wewereespeciallyinterestedinunderstandinghowmentoringmighthelpmentorswhoworkinstressfuloccupations.Mentalhealthisagrowingconcernwithinoccupationsthatplayimportantsocialroles,suchasmedicalprofessionals,firefighters,andpoliceofficers.Andbecausepolicingisoneofthemoststressfuloccupations,withhighlevelsofmentalhealthandwell-beingdifficulties,weconductedastudyofaformalmentoringprograminanEnglishpoliceforce.

________68________Itwasdesignedtosupportthedevelopmentofjuniorofficersbygivingthemawaytodiscussconcernsandreceiveguidance.Ourstudyinvolvedtwoparts.First,weconductedafieldexperiment:

wecomparedthementalhealthof17mentor-menteepairstoacontrolgroupof18pairsofseniorandjuniorofficersthatdidnotparticipateintheprogram.Second,weinterviewedboththementeesandtheirmentorsseparately.

Ourexperimentresultsshowedthatpeoplewhoservedasmentorsexperiencedlowerlevelsofanxiety,anddescribedtheirjobasmoremeaningful,thanthosewhodidnotmentor.Welearnedfromourinterviewsthatmentoringaffordedseniorofficers,aswellasjuniorofficers,achancetodiscussandreflectonconcerns.________69________Byacknowledgingthattheseanxietieswerecommon,bothmenteesandmentorsgrewmorecomfortableindiscussingthemandinsharingdifferentcopingmechanisms.

Whydoesmentoringhavethisimpactonmentors?

________70________despitethepressuresthatcomeswiththeirroles---includingabuse,difficultdecisionmaking,andtheriskofdeath---policeofficerstendnottoseeksupportfromotherofficers,includingmoreseniorcolleagues.Thisistoavoidnegativestigma,ashamefulreputation,associatedwithmeatalhealthdisorders.Mentoringtherebyofferedawaytobuildtrustwithinarelationshipthatlaidafoundationforopenandhonestcommunicationofsensitivetopics.

67.F68.B69.F70.A

2019-长宁二模

A. .However,EVAsdon’tjusthappeninemptyspace.

B. Itstickstoeverything,eventuallycausingjointsandsealstofail.

C. Spacesuitsalsohavetomaintainidealairpressureduringaspacewalk.

D. Unfortunately,mostpeoplehavenoideaaboutspaceexplorationorspacesuits.

E. Withouttheabilitytoworkinspace,weareunabletokeepourspaceprogramsfunctional.

F. ThereareafewthingsthatmustbetakenintoaccounttomakeanEVAbothsafeandeffective.

Spacewalk!

Mostpeopledon'

tknowthattheanniversaryofanimportanteventinspaceexplorationoccurredlastmonth.OnMarch18,1965,spacemanAIeksiLeonovbecamethefirsthumantocompleteanExtraVehicularActivity（EVA）orspacewalk.Itmarkedthefirsttimethatahumanwasabletoleaveaspacecraftandoperateintheemptinessofspace.Itisadangerousprocedure,butonethatisvitalforthesuccessofmannedspacemissions.

________67______Inspace,aspacesuitmustprotectpeoplefromextremecoldandheat,provideairtobreathe,andremoveextracarbondioxide._______68_______Toomuchofit,andthespacesuitbecomesfirmanddifficulttomovein.Toolittleofit,andastronautscanbecomedangerouslysickafterreturningtotheirspacecraft.

Astronautsnowperformcomplexjobsintheemptinessofspaceinmodernspacesuits.TheyhaveloggedmanyhoursrepairingandupgradingequipmentonsatellitesduringEVAs.________69______.OnJuly20th,1969,AmericanastronautNeilArmstrongsetfootonthemoonforthefirsttime.Thereisnoatmosphereonthemoon,butthereisgravity—about17percentofEarth’s,whichmeansNeilneededaspecialsuitforwalkingonthemoon'

ssurface.Suitsforthemoonareequippedforexploration'

bootsfarfromanyvehicles,includingtoughbootsthatcanresistcutsfromtheroughsurfacewhilewalking.Butsharprocksweren’ttheonlydangertoastronauts.

Themoonsurfaceiscoveredwithafineandflour-likedustwhichconsistsofsmallparticles（颗粒）leftoverfromthenumerousmeteorite（陨石）strikesonthemoon.______70________Whenastronautswouldleavethemoon'

sgravity,thedustontheirsuitsbeganfloatingallover.Itgotintodelicateequipmentinsidethespacecraftandtheastronaut'

seyesandlungs.Asdifferentspaceagenciesplanforreturningpeopletothemoon,newEVAsuitdesignswillhavetotakesomethingelseintoaccount.Keepingastronautssafealsomeanskeepingtheirsuitsclean.

67-70FCAB

2019杨浦二模

A.However,mothersandfathersshouldn’tforcetheirkidstogooutsideoruseitasatypeofpunishment.

B.Inturn,thisaidsinthedevelopmentofconfidenceandoverallgoodhealth.

C.Recentstudiesfocusnotsomuchonwhatislostwhennatureexperiencefades,but

onwhatisgainedthroughmoreexposuretonaturalsettings

D.HeacknowledgesthatNDDismostlyametaphorforalifestylelackingincontactwithnature.

E.Schoolsthatuseoutdoorclassroomsandotherformsofexperientialeducationproducesignificantstudentgainsinscience,languageandmath.

F.Expertsbelievethatproblemssuchasattentiondeficithyperactivitydisorder（注意力缺乏多动症）canberelievedthroughcontactwithnature.

LosingTouchwithNatureMayMakeYouSick

Forsomethingthat’snotactuallyarecognizedmedicalcondition,Nature-DeficitDisorder（NDD）hasgottenalotofattentionsinceitwasfirstcoinedin2005.WriterRichardLouvcameupwiththeterminhisbook,LastChildintheWoods:

SavingOurChildrenfromNature-DeficitDisorder.__________67_________Louvexplainedthatchildrenwhoplayoutsideoftenarelesslikelytobecomeill,stressed,oraggressivecomparedtothosewhowatchalotoftelevisionandspendmostoftheirfreetimeindoors.Indeed,studiesappeartobackupthatclaimbynotingthatchildrenwhospendasignificantamountoftimeoutdoorstendtohavebettermentalandphysicalhealth.__________68_________Nevertheless,theymaybeworsenedbystayinginsidewatchingTV,playingvideogames,orbeinggluedtoasmartphone.What’smore,researchalsosuggeststhatgettinganaturefixcanhelpboosttheimmunesystem.

AccordingtoLouv,theeffectsofNDDcanbelessenedorevenreversedbymakingsureparentsencouragetheirkidstoenjoyplayingoutdoorsasmuchastheycan.__________69_________Rather,theyshouldleadbyexample,spendingtimewiththeminthepark,atthebeach,camping,anddoingotheractivities,Louvsaid.Headded