心理语言学试题.docx
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心理语言学试题
TestQuestionsforPsycholinguistics(Fall,2013)
I.Judgewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsistrueorfalse.Ifyoucomeupwitha“true”judgment,pleasewriteaclear“T”inthespacemarkedbythecorrespondingquestionnumberontheanswersheet.Otherwise,writedownan“F”.(15%)
1.Psycholinguisticsissaidtobeconcernedwiththeuseoflanguageandspeechasawindowtothenatureandstructureofthehumanmind.(T)
2.Thepresentgoalofpsycholinguisticsistodiscoverthepsychologicalprocessesthatunderpinthelanguageuseanddevelopment.(T)
3.Acriticalconcerninpsycholinguisticsiswithhowthegrowing/developingchildiscognitivelyconditionedinhisorherlanguagedevelopment.(T)
4.The“uphill”goalofpsycholinguisticsistounderstandtheuniversalintelligentbeing.(T)
5.The“downhill”goalofpsycholinguisticsistounderstandsocialexperience.(F,humanexperience)
6.Thetrueunderstandingofourclassicsoraforeignlanguageinvolvesnotonlytheknowledgeaboutthereferentsofthewords,butalsoanaturalizationofthesenseofthepragmaticstrangeness.(T)
7.Thelistenerandthespeakerarerolesinsocialcommunications.Theyarenotfunctionallyrepresentedinourcognitivesystem.(F,not)
8.Whenweareinterestedinatopic,weknowalotaboutitandwishtoknowmore(F,alotsth)
9.Oneoftheessentialdifferencesbetweenchimpsandhumanbeingsincommunicationisthattheformerdonothaveacomplexfabricofsocialrelations.(T)
10.Intermsofthecognitivefunction,thesubjectofasentenceistypicallyacodedsearchforsomekindofexistenceoranagentintheworld.(T)
11.Intuitiveanalysisandtopicanalysisarebothessentialindevelopingthepsycholinguisticexpertise.(T)
12.Inourintuitiveframeworkforlanguageproduction,the“downstreamdragon”(thefunctionalstringofsemanticmodules)andthe“upstreamdragon”(thefunctionalstringoflinguistic/syntacticmodules)areattractedaroundthe“ball”ofthecommunicativeintentionintheirfunctionalusesofvariouscognitiveresources(F,thecommunicativeintentionthepre-verbalmessage).
13.Inthepsychologyoflanguage,acognitivefactorisalower-levelcognitivefunctionthatemergesasaconditionthatturnsafeature/somefeaturesoflinguisticperformanceonoroff.(T)
14.Inthepresentstateofknowledge,psycholinguistictheoriesshouldbelearnedandmemorizedratherthaninstitutionalized.(F)
15.Forfieldworkersinpsycholinguistics,theobjectsofstudydistributealongtheinteractivedomainsratherthantheautonomousdomains.(T)
16.Developmentalpsycholinguisticsexamineshowspeechemergesovertimeandhowchildrengoaboutconstructingthecomplexstructuresoftheirmothertongue.(T)
17.Innatismholdsthatlanguageacquisitiondoesnotdependtotallyontheinfluenceoftheenvironment.(T)
18.Interactionismrecognizesthechild-environmentinteractionasimportantinaccountingforthedevelopmentoflanguage.(T)
19.Earlypsycholinguistswerecloselyconcernedwithhowautonomousormodularizedlanguageis.(T)
20.Cognitive-functionallyspeaking,bothlanguageacquisitionanduseplausiblyinvolveagrammarthatisborninus.(F)
21.Aplausibletheoryenablesustotalkaboutlanguagemoreeasily,moreintuitivelyandmoretruthfully.(T)
22.Accordingtobehaviorism,frequencyplaysafundamentalroleinthepatternsofhumanbehavior.(T)
23.Intuitively,theexceptionalprecocityoftalentedwritersandspeakershasprovidedexcellentexamplesforustodrawpsycholinguisticconclusions.(F)
24.Thedatausedformodelingthepsychologyoflanguageincludelatencydata,speecherrorsandtrueorfalsejudgments.(F)
25.Therejectionofapasttheorymeansthatitisnolongerofanyuseinourunderstandingofhumanlanguage.(F)
26.Apieceoflinguisticevidenceeithersupportsatheoryorenablesusto“see”moreaboutthelanguagereality.(T)
27.Anyrecordedepisodeofchildren’slanguageisusefuldatainthestudyofpsycholinguistics.(F)
28.Researchersdependonexperiencetofindmoreaboutlanguage.(F)
29.Thepsycholinguisticmethodologyingeneralistypifiedby“introspection”.(F)
30.“Thechildisthefatherofman”isthepertinentwhenwetalkaboutthenaturalintelligenceunderlyinglanguagedevelopmentanduse.(T)
II.Inthefollowing,youarerequiredtochoosefromamongtheoptionalanswerstheonethatbestcompletesthepsycholinguisticstatementand,then,fillitsmarkingletteronthecorrespondinganswersheet.(60%)
31.Therearetwogeneraltrendsinscientificthinking:
______________
A.Autonomyandinteractionism
B.Modulairyandconstructionism
C.Innatismandinteractionism
D.Subjectivityandobjectivity
32.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthebrainfunctionforlanguageispresentlymoreplausible?
A.Thebraindetermineslanguage.
B.Thebrainsub-serveslinguisticinteractionswithourenvironment.
C.Thebrainishard-wiredforlanguage.
D.Thebrainisaninnateorganforlanguage.
33.Whichoffollowingisacorrectannotationforthe?
-markedareainthebrain?
A.theBroca’sarea.
B.theWernike’sarea.
C.thearcuatefaciculus.
D.theangulargyrus.
34.Whichofthefollowingannotationispresentlymoreappropriateforthequestionmark“?
”inthefollowingpicture?
A.“seeing”(看)
B.“reading”(阅读)
C.“visualinput”(视觉输入)
D.“visualpathway”(视觉通道)
35.Difficultyinspeechproductionmaybecausedby______
A.damagetotheBroca’sarea.
B.damagetotheWernike’sarea.
C.damagetothearcuatefaciculus.
D.damagetotheangulargyrus.
36.Inabilitytorepeatwhatisheardmaybecausedby______
A.damagetotheBroca’sarea.
B.damagetotheWernike’sarea
C.damagetothearcuatefasciculus.
D.damagetotheangulargyrus.
37.Difficultyinlanguagecomprehensionmaybecausedby______
A.damagetotheBroca’sarea.
B.damagetotheWernike’sarea
C.damagetothearcuatefasciculus.
D.damagetotheangulargyrus.
38.Whichorderdoeslanguagefollowinitsdevelopment?
A.crying--->babbling-->cooing-->one-wordutterances-->two-wordutterances-->questions-->negatives-->rareorcomplexconstructions-->maturespeech
B.crying-->cooing-->babbling-->one-wordutterances-->two-wordutterances-->questions-->negatives-->rareorcomplexconstructions-->maturespeech
C.crying-->cooing-->one-wordutterances-->babbling-->two-wordutterances-->questions-->negatives-->rareorcomplexconstructions-->maturespeech
D.crying-->cooing-->babbling-->one-wordutterances-->two-wordutterances-->negatives-->questions-->rareorcomplexconstructions-->maturespeech
39.Whichordertheremaybefortheacquisitionofthefollowingwords
A.big–smalltall-short,long–shorthigh–lowthick–thinwide-narrowdeep–shallow
B.high–lowthick–thinbig–smalltall-short,long–shortwide-narrowdeep–shallow
C.big–smallhigh–lowthick–thinwide-narrowdeep–shallowtall-short,long–short
D.deep–shallowbig–smalltall-short,long–shorthigh–lowthick–thinwide-narrow
40.Whichorderdoestheacquisitionofthenegativeformmayfollow?
a.Inowantmilk/Idon’twantmilkNosingingsongIdon’twantsomepaper.
b.Idon’twantsomepaperNosingingsongInowantmilk/Idon’twantmilk.
c.NosingingsongInowantmilk/Idon’twantmilkIdon’twantsomepaper.
d.Inowantmilk/Idon’twantmilkIdon’twantsomepaperNosingingsong.
41.Cryingisinitially_______,becausethereisadirectlinkbetweenthephysicalsoundanditscommunicativeintent.
A.iconic;B.echoic;C.symbolic;D.holophrastic
42.______referstothenaturaltendencyof6-month-oldchildrentoburstoutinstringsofconsonant-vowelsyllableclusters.
A.Crying;B.Cooing;C.Babbling;D.gesturing
43.One-year-oldsproducetheso-calledegocentricspeechbecause________
A.theytalkaboutthingsaroundthemasiftheywerethecentersoftheirfamilies.
B.theyareinatransitionalstateofawarenessoftheworldasiftheywerethecenterofall.
C.theyareoccupiedorpossessedbytheirownegoorconcerns.
D.theyarehighlyprejudiced.
44.Nowweknowthattheover-regulatedwordssuchasgoedandbreakedarepiecesofevidencefor_________.
A.creativelanguageuse;B.theapplicationofempiricallanguagerules;
C.linguisticimitations;D.childishuseoflanguage
45.StephenPinker’sconceptualizationoflanguageinstinctisastrongdefendenceoftheviewthat_____
A.languageisacquiredinauniversalpattern.
B.languageisindividuallyacquired.
C.languageisacquiredthroughchildren’sinteractionwiththeirenvironment.
D.languageisconditionedbyoutsidestimulus.
46.Mostpsycholinguistsbelievethatthe“foreignaccents”ofbilingualchildrenattheageof12mightsuggestthatthereisacriticalperiodthat________determinefirstlanguagelearning.
A.biologically;B.cognitively;C.innately;D.socioculturally
47.AccordingtoScovel,childrendisplayaninbornsensitivitytothe___________ofthelanguagetheyareacquiring,asinthecaseof“up”inthefollowingexample.
Child:
Ben’spickingup.He’shickingup.
Adult:
What?
Child:
He’sgotthehiccups.
A.syntacticstructures;B.thewordmeaning;
C.thethematicroles;D.thesyntacticfunctionoftheword
48.ChomskyproposedaninnateLADthatallowschildrentoconstantlyformandrevisehypothesesonthebasisof________.
A.output;B.nativeaccent;C.innateknowledge;D.input
49Earlywordsarecharacterizedbyallthefollowingexcept_______
A.phoneticeasinesstopronounceB.morphologicaliconicity
C.semanticabstractnessD.situationalfunction
50.Whichofthefollowingdescriptionsisnotanappr