高考英语短文阅读类暑假选练11.docx
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高考英语短文阅读类暑假选练11
重庆市渝中区2016高考英语短文阅读类暑假选练(11)
【陕西省2014五校联考】
阅读下列四篇短文,从每小题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
Foodpickedupjustafewsecondsafterbeingdroppedislesslikelytocontainbacteriathanifitisleftforlongerperiodsoftime,accordingtothefindingsofresearchcarriedoutatAstonUniversity’sSchoolofLifeandHealthSciences.Thefindingssuggesttheremaybesomescientificbasistothe“5secondrule”–thebeliefaboutitbeingfinetoeatfoodthathasonlyhadcontactwiththefloorforfivesecondsorless.Althoughpeoplehavelongfollowedthe5secondrule,untilnowitwasunclearwhetheritactuallyhelped.
Thestudy,undertakenbyfinalyearBiologystudentsandledbyAnthonyHilton,ProfessorofMicrobiologyatAstonUniversity,monitoredthetransferofthecommonbacteriafromavarietyofindoorflooringtypes(carpet,cementflooretc.)totoast,pasta,abiscuitandastickysweetwhencontactwasmadefrom3to30seconds.Theresultsshowedthat:
Timeisasignificantfactorinthetransferofbacteriafromafloorsurfacetoapieceoffood;andthetypeofflooringthefoodhasbeendroppedonhasaneffect,withbacterialeastlikelytotransferfromcarpetedsurfacesandmostlikelytotransferfromcementflooringsurfacestomoist(湿的)foodsmakingcontactformorethan5seconds.ProfessorHiltonsaid:
“Consumingfooddroppedonthefloorstillcarriesaninfectionriskasitverymuchdependsonwhichbacteriaarepresentontheflooratthetime.”
TheAstonteamalsocarriedoutasurveyofthenumberofpeoplewhoemploythe5secondrule.Thesurveyshowedthat:
87%ofpeoplesurveyedsaidtheywouldeatfooddroppedonthefloor,oralreadyhavedoneso.55%ofthosewhowouldeatorhaveeatenfooddroppedonthefloorarewomen.81%ofthewomenwhowouldeatfoodfromthefloorwouldfollowthe5secondrule.ProfessorHiltonadded,“Ourstudyshowedthatasurprisinglylargemajorityofpeoplearehappytoconsumedroppedfood,withwomenthemostlikelytodoso.Buttheyarealsomorelikelytofollowthe5secondrule.”
57.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingistrue?
A.Atoastdroppedonthecarpetiseasiertobepollutedthanthatdroppedonthecementfloor.
B.Astickychocolatedroppedonthecarpetiseasiertobepollutedthanthatdroppedonthecementfloorwithin5seconds.
C.Thefooddroppedonthecarpetsharesthesamepotentialofbeingpollutedwiththefooddroppedonthecementfloor.
D.Thefooddroppedonthecementfloorisnotassafeasfooddroppedonthecarpetwithin30seconds.
58.Eatingfooddroppedonthefloorstillcarriesaninfectionriskbecauseitrelieson_________atthattime.
A.thetypeofbacteriaB.thecarpet
C.thecementfloorD.thesurfaceoftable
59.Thepassageisdevelopedprobablyby__________.
A.timeB.spaceC.contrastD.example
60.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?
A.Thefoodwhichisdroppedonthefloorcanbeeatensafely.
B.Thebacteriahavenonegativeeffectonthesafetyoffood.
C.Aresearchonthesafetyoffooddroppedonthefloorisundertaken.
D.Peoplesurveyedintheresearcharewillingtoaccepttheidea.
【参考答案】57-60DACC
【2015高考复习】阅读理解
“Reconstituted”familiesaremoreandmorecommonintheUK.
SteveandDebbiegotmarriedin2001andhadtwochildren,LilyandAlex.Unfortunately,SteveandDebbie’smarriagedidn’tworkoutandtheygotdivorcedin2006.ThechildrenlivewithDebbie.In2008,Debbieremarried.Hernewhusband,Martin,hasthreechildrenfromhispreviousmarriageandtheyvisitDebbie,Martin,LilyandAlexatweekends.Inaddition,Debbieispregnantwithherthirdchild.She’sexpectingaboywhowillbeahalfbrothertoLilyandAlexandalsotoMartin’sthreeotherchildren.
Confused?
Debbie’sfamilyarrangementsmighthaveseemedstrange30yearsagobutnowadaysthiskindof“reconstituted”familyisincreasinglycommonintheUK.AlmosthalfofallmarriagesinBritainendindivorceandover40%ofmarriagesareremarriages.Morethan10%ofallBritishchildrenlivewithonebirthparentandastepparent—aparentwhoisn’ttheirbiologicalmotherorfather.Thetraditional“nuclear”familyoftwoparentsandtheirchildrenisnotsotraditionalanymore.
Whatdoesallofthismeanforparentsinthese“reconstituted”families?
“Therearedifficultiesandchallenges,”saysDebbie.“Differentfamilieshavedifferentroutinesanditcanbedifficultforchildrentomovebetweentheirtwofamilies.Birthdaysandholidayscanbetricky.Wheredothechildrengo?
Whoshouldtheyspendtheirtimewith?
Also,whenmychildrenarenaughtyitcanbedifficultforMartintotell_them_off.Thingsthatmightbesimpleinatraditionalfamilycanbeabitmorecomplicated.”
Andhowaboutthechildren?
Martin’seldestchild,Ella,is12.“Ilikemytwofamilies,”shesays.“IlivewithmymumbutvisitmydadquiteoftenandI’mhappythatmymumanddadgetalongOK.They’renotmarriedanymorebutit’sgoodthattheycanstillbefriends.”OfcoursedivorceandseparationarenevereasybutmanyfamiliesintheUKarefindingwaystomakefamilylifeworkinnewways.
【语篇解读】 本文介绍了英国出现越来越多的重组家庭这一社会现象。
5.WhydidSteveandDebbiegetseparated?
A.Theycouldn’tsupportthechildren.
B.Theycouldn’tgetalongwell.
C.Theywerebothoutofwork.
D.Theyhadseriouseconomicproblems.
解析 考查细节理解。
根据第二段中的“Unfortunately,SteveandDebbie’smarriagedidn’tworkoutandtheygotdivorcedin2006.”可知,Steve和Debbie由于感情破裂而无法维系婚姻,并非因为经济问题或双双失业,更不是因为养不起孩子。
答案 B
6.Wecanlearnfromthetextthata“nuclear”family________.
A.hastwobirthparentsandtheirchildren
B.hastwobirthparentsandonlyonechild
C.istraditionalbutcomplicated
D.doesn’thaveanychildren
解析 考查细节理解。
根据第三段最后一句“Thetraditional‘nuclear’familyoftwoparentsandtheirchildrenisnotsotraditionalanymore.”可知答案为A项。
答案 A
7.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“tellthemoff”inParagraph4mostprobablymean?
A.makethemannoyed B.sendthemtoschool
C.letouttheirsecrets D.talkangrilytothem
解析 考查词义猜测。
根据画线部分前面的“whenmychildrenarenaughty”和第四段的最后一句“Thingsthatmightbesimpleinatraditionalfamilycanbeabitmorecomplicated.”并结合生活常识可推知,由于Martin是孩子的继父,所以不能够对他们大声呵斥。
tellsb.off意为“责骂、斥责某人”。
答案 D
8.What’sthetextmainlyabout?
A.Thedifferencebetween“marriage”and“remarriage”.
B.MoreandmorepeoplegetdivorcedintheUK.
C.“Reconstituted”familiesarebecomingmoreandmoreintheUK.
D.Themarriagesituationisbecomingsevere.
解析 考查主旨大意。
根据文章首句和全文内容可知,本文意在介绍英国出现越来越多的重组家庭这一社会现象,故答案为C项。
答案 C
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中,选出最佳选项。
HarvardUniversitynamedhistorianDrewGilpinFaustasitsfirstfemalepresidentonSunday,endingalengthyandsecretivesearchtofindasuccessor(接任者)toLawrenceSummers.
Theseven-memberHarvardCorporationelectedFaust,anotedscholaronHistoryoftheAmericanSouthanddeanofHarvard’sRadcliffeInstituteforAdvancedStudy,astheuniversity’s28thpresident.
“Thisisagreatday,andahistoricdayforHarvard,”JamesR.Houghton,chairmanofthepresidentialsearchcommittee,saidinastatement.“DrewFaustisaninspiringandaccomplishedleader,asuperbscholar,adedicated(献身的)teacher,andawonderfulhumanbeing.”
HerselectionisnoteworthygiventheheateddebatesoverSummers’commentsthatgeneticdifferencesbetweenthesexesmighthelpexplainthelackofwomenintopsciencejobs.
FausthasbeendeanofRadcliffesince2001,twoyearsaftertheformerwomen’scollegewascombinedintotheuniversityasaresearchcenterwithamissiontostudygenderissues(性别问题).
Someprofessorshavequietlygrousedthatthe371-year-olduniversityisappointingafifthpresidentwhoisnotascientist.NoscientisthashadthetopjobsinceJamesBryantConantretiredin1953;itslastfourhavecomefromthefieldsofclassics,law,literatureandeconomics.
1,3,5
FaustisthefirstHarvardpresidentwhodidnotreceiveadegreefromtheuniversitysinceCharlesChauncy,agraduateofCambridgeUniversity,whodiedinofficein1762.SheattendedtheUniversityofPennsylvania.
“Teachingstaffturnedtoherconstantly,”saidSheldonHackney,aformerpresidentoftheUniversityofPennsylvaniaandhistorianwhoworkedcloselywithFaust.“She’sveryclear.Shehasasenseofhumor,butshe’sverystrong-minded.Youcometotrustinherbecauseshe’ssosolid.”
1.Whichmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?
A.Harvardnamedits1stfemalepresident.
B.HistoryofHarvardUniversitychanged.
C.Debatesonfemaleequalityended.
D.DrewGilpinFaust,afamouswomanhistorian.
2.WhichisNOTtrueaboutDrewGilpinFaust?
A.Sheisthe28thpresidentofHarvardUniversity.
B.SheisafamousscholarfromtheAmericanSouth.
C.Sheisn’tagraduatefromHarvardUniversity.
D.ShewasheadofRadcliffeInstituteforAdvancedStudy.
3.LawrenceSummersheldtheviewthat.
A.womencannotachieveasmuchasmeninmanagement
B.womencannotholdimportantpositionsinsociety
C.womencanmatchmeninsciencejobs
D.fewwomenmaketopscientistsowingtogenes
4.Theunderlinedword“groused”inthe6thparagraphmeans.
A.approvedB.commented
C.complainedD.indicated
5.Thispassageprobablyappearsina.
A.biographyB.personalletter
C.researchpaperD.newspaperreport
【参考答案】1—5、ABDCD
【四川省凉山州2014第二次诊断性测试】
阅读下面五篇短文,从每题所给的四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Risinglevelsofcarbondioxideintheatmosphereareamajorcauseofclimatechange,and
nowanewstudyhasconfirmedthatatmosphericCO2isalsoaffectingtheoceanchemistryand
potentiallyharmingsealife.
MontanaStateUniversityscientistRobertDorehasbeenresearchingthewaterinthePacific
Oceanforalmosttwodecades."We'vebee