中国GDP发展减慢对大学生就业的影响.docx

中国GDP发展减慢对大学生就业的影响.docx

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中国GDP发展减慢对大学生就业的影响

The Impact of China’s GDP Slow-down on The Employment of Chinese UniversityGraduates

AGraduationPaperSubmittedby

InPartialFulfillmentoftheRequirements

For

TheDegreeofBachelor

IntheSubjectofEnglishLanguage（forEconomicsandTrade）

To

TheSchoolofForeignLanguages

Of

YunnanUniversityofFinanceandEconomics

Supervisor:

May20,2009

云南财经大学

本科毕业论文原创性及知识产权声明

本人郑重声明：

所呈交的毕业论文是本人在导师的指导下取得的成果。

对本论文的研究做出重要贡献的个人和集体，均已在文中以明确方式标明。

因本毕业论文引起的法律结果完全由本人承担。

本毕业论文成果归云南财经大学所有。

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毕业论文作者签名：

作者专业：

英语（经贸方向）

作者学号：

20052133

2009年5月20日

摘要

经济是一个全球性的关注点。

中国自改革开放以来，GDP一直呈快速增长的趋势。

然而，从二十一世纪以来，这种上升趋势虽然没有改变，但是GDP的上涨速度却逐渐降低。

这其中不但有国内资源枯竭、通货膨胀等原因，更是受到了国际经济危机的巨大影响。

国内GDP上涨速度减慢的同时，将直接影响到我国大学生就业现状，这也是一个不容忽视的现象。

本文将通过分析我国GDP上涨速度减缓的原因，从而找出它对我国大学生就业现状的影响，并提出我国政府和国内高校在这样的形势之下更好促进大学生就业的可行性措施，以期能够更好的促进我国大学生就业，优化就业格局，从根本上提高大学生的就业率。

关键词：

国内生产总值（GDP）；大学生就业；就业格局；就业率

Abstract

Economyisaglobalconcern.SinceChina'sreformandopeningup,itsGDPhashadatrendofrapidgrowth.However,sincethe21stcentury,althoughtheupwardtrendhasnotchanged,thespeedofGDPrisesgraduallyreduced,whichnotonlyhasthedomesticresourcesdepletion,inflationandotherreasons,butalsobytheimpactoftheinternationaleconomiccrisis.GDProseataslowerpaceatthesametime,willdirectlyaffecttheuniversitystudents'employmentsituationinourcountry,itisalsoaphenomenonthatcouldnotbeignored.ThisarticlewillthroughtheanalysisofthecauseofChina'sGDPgrowthhasslowed,soastofindoutitsinfluenceoncollegestudents'employmentsituationinourcountry,andputforwardourgovernmentanddomesticcollegesanduniversitiesunderthesituationbetterfeasibilitymeasurestoimprovetheuniversitystudents'employment,whichaimstopromotetheuniversitystudents'employmentinourcountry,andoptimizetheemploymentstructure,aswellasfundamentallyimprovetheemploymentrateofcollegestudentsfundamentally.

KeyWords：

Grossdomesticproduct（GDP）；Universitystudents'employment；Employmentpattern；Theemploymentrate

Contents

原创性及知识产权声明……………………………………………Ⅰ

AbstractinChinese……………………………………………...Ⅴ

AbstractinEnglish…………………………………………………Ⅵ

Introduction

Nowadays,China’seconomyisinasteadygrowth,anditfocusesonthestructuraladjustmentmeanwhilepromotesthereformofthecriticalelements.However,Underthebackgroundoftheprosperity,thegrowthofChina’sGDPhassloweddownsince1990s.It‘ssaidthattheGDPgrowthrateis7.6%in2013,anditwillreduceto6.4%by2018.AsweknowthattheemploymentofChinesegraduateshasatremendousassociationwithChina’sGDP’sgrowth.

Therefore,thisarticleistoanalyzetheinfluenceofChina’sGDPgrowthslow-downontheemploymentofChineseuniversitygraduatesandgiveChina’sgovernmentandgraduatessomefeasiblesuggestionsonhowtodealwiththeseriousuniversitygraduatesunemploymentproblem.

1.TheReasonsofChina’s GDP Slow-down

1.1TheImpactofTheGlobalEconomicCrisisandtheReasonsforChina’sEconomicSlow-down

TheglobaleconomicwhichbeganintheUnitedStates,hasahugeimpactontheUnitedStatesmuchmoredirectlyandrapidly.However,owingtoit’ssolideconomicfoundationandrichexperienceonhowtodealwiththecrisis,theUnitedStatecouldrecoveredfromtheeconomiccrisisimmediately.Relatively,China,whosedevelopmentisunbalancedthanothercountriesonlyholdsafreakeconomicfoundationandit’sindustrialstructureisunreasonable,whichcurseithaslittleexperiencetotacklethefinancialcrisisandtheeconomicimpactofthefinancialcrisisislikelytobemorelasting.

DuetotheUS-ledcountrieshasfallenintotheeconomiccrisis,theglobalconsumerdemandhasbeenrapidlyreduced,China,whoregardtheexporteconomyasapillarofthecountrywilltrappeditselfinacoldwinterwhichmeansthatourexportshavetofaceaseriousbottleneck.Moreover,anothernegativefactoronexportscamefromtheinternationalexchangeratefluctuations,thatistosaytheglobaleconomiccrisisintensifiedcurrencyfluctuationswhichwillmakeChina’seconomicgrowthbecomeslowerandslower.Consideringthisfactor,theChina’s GDP slow-downisinevitable.

1.2China’sResourcesareDryingup

Naturehasprovideduswithmanykindsofresources.AllmosteverythingweuseinoureverydaylifecomesfromNature.Thefoodweeat,thewaterwedrink,theclotheswewear,theconcreteandbrickstobuildourhouses,thematerialstomakebikesweride,etc,allcomeoriginallyfromNature.

Peoplehavebeenmakinguseofthesenaturalsuppliesforthousandsofyears.Withthedevelopmentoftechnologyandtheincreaseofthepopulation,theamountandrangeofmaterialstakenhasincreased.Itisestimatedthatthistreadwillcontinueintheyearstocome.

However,naturalresoucesarenotinexhaustible.Someresourcesarealreadynearlyusedup.Forexample,theendoftheworld'sfuelisalreadywithinsight.Suchanessentialdailyitemaswaterisinshortsupplyinmanypartsoftheworld.Wecannolongerthoughtlesslyusethemanyresourcesprovidedby.Nature.Wemustlearntoconservewhatremains.Forexample,theChinesecity,Ordos,whichwasbeknownasthecapitalofcoalinChinawhosecoalstoragevolumedroppedsharplyinlate2011,andthiscausedtheeconomiccrisisthreatensthehousingprices,goospricesandsoonofthewholrcity.

Chinaisapopulouscountry.Thehugepopulationbasemeansthatenergyconsumptionwillbeparticularlygreat.AccordingtoTheStudyofRegulationonSustainableDevelopmentofResource-ExhaustedCitiesreportsthepastten-yearresource-exhaustedeconomicgrowthmeltnation’sforestresources,waterresourcesandlandresourcesaway.Excessivepopulationofanareatothepointofovercrowding,depletionofnaturalresources,orenvironmentaldeterioration.

1.3SeriousDomesticInflation

Chineseconsumerpricesjumped6.9percentinNovemberfromayearago,thegovernmentsaid,bringinginflationtoitshighestlevelinmorethanadecadedespiteofficialeffortstoreininanoverheatingeconomy.Let’stakethepriceofporkasanexample.Thepriceofporkis11Yuanperkilogramin2008,whileitrisedto18Yuanerkilogramin18Yuan.Wecaneasilyfindthatpeople’swagesactuallyriseisverysmall,China'sGDProsebyninepercentfrom2008to2014,andthepriceisuptwentypercent,andthisshowsChina'sinflationlevelisveryserious.

TheNationalBureauofStatisticssaidtheoverallincreaseintheconsumerpriceindexwasfueledbyrisesinfoodandoilprices.

Foodprices,whichaccountforone-thirdoftheindex,jumped18.2percentinthisyear,comparedwithanincreaseof17.6percentinlastyear.

Theoverallinflationratewashigherthan6.5percentincreasesreportedforOctoberandAugust—thenthehighestratesin11years.

Inflationhassurgedinrecentmonthsduetodouble—digitsurgesinpoliticallysensitivefoodpricesblamedonshortagesofporkandotherbasicgoods.

 Manydevelopingeconomies,includingthetwogiantsIndiaandChina,haveseensignificantincreasesininflationinrecentyears.Inthedevelopedworld,inflationratesmaystillbehistoricallylow,butpricesherearerising,too.Tomanypeople,itcomesasabitofashock, becauseuntilrecently,theworldwasgoingthroughaperiodofexceptionallylowinflation.TheopeningoftheChineseeconomyrepresented thegreatestreleaseofcheaplabourinhistory.AndthecheapgoodsthoseChineseworkersmadeensuredthatpricesacrosstheglobewerekeptlow.Butthatperiodisnowwellandtrulyover.Indeed,manyeconomistsareexpectingpricesofalmosteverythingtoriseformany,manyyearstocome.

PippaMalmgrenispresidentandfounderofPrincipalisAssetManagementandtheformerfinancialmarketsadvisortotheWhiteHouseunderGeorgeWBush.Shesaysweallneedtostartpreparingforrisingpricesrightnow."Emergingmarketsareexperiencinginflationlikecrazy.WhenyoulookatArgentina,theirinflationrateisrunningat25%.Ithinkit'stheNo1issueworryingtheChinesegovernment,becausetheyknowthatthroughouttheirhistory,upheavalshappenwhenfoodandenergypricesgoup.Ithinkwe'rehavingthefirstsignificantsupplysideshocksincetheearly1970s."

Globalinflationisaistheimportantcauseofthesloweconomicdevelopmentinourcountry,andwehadtofacethisproblemdirectly.

2.Influences of China’s GDP Slow-down on The Employment of ChineseUniversity Graduates

2.1PromotingSocialDemandonCollegeStudents

InchargeofTaiyuancitytalentmarket,saidthecurrentmarketforservices,professionaltechnicaltalentdemandcontinuestoincrease.Takethe postdistributionasanexample,marketingjobsisin thebiggestdemandingwhichaccountingforabout25%ofthetotaldemand.Besidethis,allkindsofoperatorsofdemandingformarketingjobsareallinthemultiplegrowth.Fromtheindustrydemand,serviceindustryhasgraduallybecomethemainforceofacceptanceoftheemploymentofuniversitygraduates,mainlybecauseoftheemergingservicescoveringfinance,finance,logistics,marketing,e-commerce,computernetworkandsoonmorethanadozenprofessionalfield,inclusiveofgraduatesisstronger.

In fact, China is still lack of talents. According to a figure provided by the National Bureau of statistics, people who received higher education in China only accounted for a relatively small population, ranked one of the worst places in the world.  Even Beijing-a city that owns the most talents has just reached 20% of the total national population. Therefore, there is still a large gap between china and the developed countries. Due to a slower GDP growth rate in China, all kinds of institutions at all levels need university graduate