高中英语 主语从句精讲及巩固提升练习有答案.docx
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高中英语主语从句精讲及巩固提升练习有答案
主语从句精讲及巩固提升练习
概念：
从句在整个主句中作主语，因此被称为主语从句。
主语从句隶属名词性从句。
引导词：
主语从句引导词分为三类:
连词that/whether
连接代词what/who/whom/which
连接副词when/where/why/how
①连词:
thatwhether
that：
不同于其它的连词，它不充当句子的成分，无意义，不可以省略。
从句句置于句首时，that绝对不可以省略。
（区别于宾语从句）
eg.Thatpricewillgoupiscertain.
Thathefinishedwritingthecompositioninsuchashorttimesurprisedusall.
Whether“是否”（区别于宾语从句中的if/whether）
eg.Whetherwegobytrainorbyboatmakesnodifference.
Whetherhe’llcomehereisn’tclear.
②连接代词:
whatwhowhomwhich
what
当what引导主语从句作主语时，指物，谓语动词一般用第三人称单数，下面这个句型例外。
eg.Whatweneedismoretimeandmoney.
Whatweneedaremanymorebooks.
who/whom
当who引导主语从句作主语时，指代某人。
在从句中作主语不能省略。
翻译是不能把它译成疑问句。
eg.Whowillwritethepoemhasnotbeendecidedyet.
Whowillgoisnotimportant.
③连接副词:
wherewhenhowwhy
Where表“地点”eg.Wheretomeethimisstillnotdecidedyet.
When表“时间”eg.Whenhewillbebackdependsontheweather.
Why表“原因”eg.Whyhediditremainsamystery.
How表“方式”eg.Howthepyramidswerebuiltisstillamystery.
专项练习
（一）
1.shecouldn'tunderstandwasfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons.
A.What...whyB.That...whatC.What...becauseD.Why...that
2.Itworriedherabitherhairwasturninggray.
A.whileB.thatC.ifD.for
3.Itisprettywellunderstoodcontrolstheflowofcarbondioxideinandouttheatmospheretoday.
A.thatB.whenC.whatD.how
4.manfirstmadeuseofelectricityisnotexactlyknown.
A.WhenB.IfC.ThatD.What
5.wewillhaveameetinghasn'tbeendecidedyet.
A.IfB.ThatC.WhatD.Whether
6.wearesayingismorethanwewilldo.
A.That...thatB.What...whatC.Whatever...thatD.As...as
7.leaveslastturnsoffthelight.
A.WhoB.WhoeverC.NomatterwhoD.Whomever
8.winstheprizemaygetthecar.
A.WhoB.WhomC.WhomeverD.Whoever
9.apitythatIdidn'tseeyoulastweek.
A.That'sB.What'sC.It'sD.There's
10.shewillcomeiscertain.
A.ThatB.WhatC./D.Whether
11.wegoswimmingeverydayusalotofgood.
A.If...doB.That...doC.That...doesD.If...does
12.hasquestionscanasktheteacherafterclass.
A.WhoB.WhoeverC.AnybodyD.One
13.isoneofthemostusefulandfascinatingdivisionsofhumanknowledgeiswidelyaccepted.
A.WherechemistryB.Thatchemistry
C.WhatchemistryD.Chemistry
14.It'sknowntouschewinggumhelpspreventtoothdecay.
A.whyB.thatC.whetherD.how
15.Doesmatterifhecan'tfinishthejobontime?
A.thisB.thatC.heD.it
16.watercanbeusedtoelectricityistrue.
A.That...producingB.That...produce
C.This...producingD.This...produces
17.AfterYangLiweisucceededincirclingtheearth,ourastronautsdesiretodoistowalkinspace.
A.whereB.whatC.thatD.how
18.Itisdoubtfulheknowsitornot.
A.thatB.ifC.whatD.whether
19.causedtheaccidentisstillacompletemystery.
A.WhatB.ThatC.HowD.Where
20.theywillholdasportsmeetingnextweekhasn'tbeendecidedyet.
A.IfB.ThatC.WhatD.Whether
21.Itdoesn'tmatterwilltakechargeofthework.
A.whoB.whoeverC.whomD.whomever
22.isworthdoingatallisworthdoingwell.
A.ThatB.WhichC.WhateverD.It
23.landownershipinsomecountriesisunfairobvious.
A.What...isB.Whether...areC.That...isD.If...is
24.somemammalscametoliveintheseaisnotknown.
A.ThatB.SinceC.AlthoughD.How
25.troublesmeismysoncanfinishallheisexpectedtodo.
A.That...whether.../B.What...if...that
C.That...if...whatD.What...whether.../
Keys:
1-5ABCAD6-10BBDCA11-15CBBBD
16-20BBDAD21-25ACCDD
专项练习
（二）
【翻译】
1.新政策会给我们带来好处还是危害还得拭目以待。
（remain）
Whetherthenewpolicywilldousharmornotremainstobeseen.
2.昨天他在小组讨论中关于添置运动设备的提议是否能付诸实践还拭目以待。
（whether）
Itremainstobeseenwhetherhisproposalofpurchasing/buyingmoresportsfacilitiesinthegroupdiscussionyesterdaycanbeputintopractice.
3.无论谁想要成功必先明白这个道理“成功来自艰苦的付出和坚持不懈”。
（Whoever）
Whoeverwantstobesuccessfulshouldfirstunderstandtheprinciplethatsuccesscomesfromhardeffort/workandpersistence/perseverance.
4.这个游戏的独特之处在于它让孩子学会如何应对现实生活中的问题。
（What）
Whatmakesthegameuniqueisthatithelpschildrenlearnhowtocopewithproblemsinreallife.
重难点突破：
1.主语从句的主谓一致问题
主语从句通常被看作一个整体,主句的谓语动词用单数形式.
Thattheywillcomeiscertain.
由who,whoever引导的主语从句的单复数要视从句中的单复数而定.
Whoeversaythataretobepunished.
Whoaregoingtherehavebeendecided.
What引导主语从句时,主句谓语动词的单复数由表语的单复数决定.
Whathewantsarethesebooks.
Whathewantsissomewater.
2.It作形式主语的用法总结
Itis＋名词（apity/fact/problem/shame/surprise,nowonder…）＋that从句
Itisafactthat…事实是…
Itisanhonorthat…非常荣幸
Itiscommonknowledgethat…是常识
【练习】
1.我很荣幸来参加这次面试。
（honor）
It’
smygreathonortohavethisinterview.
Itis＋形容词（natural,certain,clear,obvious,evident,necessary,likely,possible,important…）＋that从句
Itisnaturalthat…很自然…
Itisstrangethat…奇怪的是…
专项练习（三）
1.圣诞节来临，购物中心里人潮涌动，这已经不足为奇了。
（It）
Itiscommon/notsurprisingthatshoppingcentersarecrowdedwithpeoplewhenChristmasisapproaching/drawingnear/coming.
2.显而易见，现代社会正在步入一个使机机对话变得十分便利的新时代。
（when）
Itisobviousthatourmodernsocietyissteppingintoanewerawhenrobot-to-robotcommunicationsaremadeveryeasy.
It＋不及物动词（seems,turnsout,happens,appears,occurstosb…）＋that从句
Itseemsthat…似乎…
Ithappenedthat…碰巧…
专项练习（四）
1.她似乎没有弹钢琴的天赋。
（gift）
Shedoesn’tseemtohaveagiftforplayingthepiano./Itseemsthatshedoesn’thaveagiftforplayingthepiano.
2.同事们从来没有想到，他会想方设法完成大家认为不可能完成的任务（occur）
Itneveroccurredtothecolleaguesthathecouldtryeverypossiblemeanstoaccomplishthetaskswhichtheyallconsideredimpossible.
Itis＋过去分词（known,said,reported,believed,accepted,found,declared,thought,,suggested…）＋that从句
Itisreportedthat…据报道…
Itissuggestedthat…据建议…（注：
当动词为建议/命令/要求时，从句谓语用“（should）+动词原形”，should可省略。
）
专项练习（五）
9.据说那位年轻教授当众反对了校长的提议。
（object）
Itwassaidthattheyoungprofessorobjectedtotheheadmaster’sproposalinpublic.
10.事实证明，你尝试的越多，就越有可能提前取得成功。
（themore…）
Itisprovedthatthemoreyoutry,themorelikelyyouaretoachievesuccessinadvance.
11.据报道，政府已经下定决心要解决环境污染问题。
（determine）
Itisreportedthatthegovernmenthasbeendeterminedtosolvetheproblemsofenvironmentalpollution.
12.大家一致认为任何有责任心和毅力的人都有资格申请该职位。
（whoever）
Itisthoughtthatwhoeverhasasenseofresponsibilityandperseverance/persistenceisqualifiedtoapplyfortheposition.
３.Wh-ever引导主语从句/让步状从，译为“无论．．．／不管．．．”
whateverwhoeverwhomeverwhichever whereverwheneverhowever
eg:
Whoevertakeschargeoftheclassdoesn’tmatter.
Whoeverbreakstherulemustbepunished.
Whateveryoudo,youmustdoitwell.（让步状从）
专项练习（六）
64．由于天气的突然变化，我们被迫改变旅行计划。
（force）
65．他的讲座引起了听众对人类基因的好奇。
（curiosity）
66．说到Tom，你怎么能够忍受这样的人呢？
（tolerate）
67．随着致命疾病的蔓延，可以嗅到到一丝紧张的感觉。
（intheair）
68.期中考试临近，你怎样复习常常意味着你的考试的成功与否。
（determine）
69.把红宝书（thelittleredbook）放在伸手可及的地方以便于你查遇到的生词。
（reach）
70.既然英语学习没有捷径，我们再怎样强调发音的重要性也不为过。
（emphasis）
Keys:
64:
Wewereforcedtochangeourtravelplanbecauseofthesuddenchangeofweather.
65:
Hislecturehasarousedtheaudience'scuriosityabouthumangenes.
66:
SpeakingofTom,howcanyoutoleratesuchanawfulperson?
67:
Asenseofnervousnesswasintheairwiththespreadofthedeadlydisease.
68.Themid-termexaminationisapproaching/drawingnear,howyoureviewoftendetermineswhetheryourexaminationwillbeasuccessorafailure.
69.You’dbetterkeep/putthelittleredbookwithinarm’sreachsothatyoucanlookupthenewword（that/which）youcomeacross.
70.Since/NowthatthereisnoshortcutinlearningEnglish,wecanneverput/place/laytoomuchemphasisontheimportanceofpronunciation.
综合巩固提升练习
一、选择
1．-We'veonlygotthissmallbookcase.Willthatdo?
-No,__Iamlookingforissomethingmuchbiggerandstronger.
A．whoB．thatC．whatD．which
2．Ithasbeenproved______eatingvegetablesinchildhoodhelpstoprotectyouagainstseriousillnessesinlaterlife.
A．ifB．becauseC．whenD．that
3．Itisimmediatelyclear______thefinancialcrisiswillsoonbeover.
A．sinceB．what
C．whenD．whether
4．_____EriclikesmostaboutShanghaiisprobablyitswidevarietyoffood.
A．ThatB．WhereC．WhichD．What
二、用单词的适当形式完成短文
BagsofLove
Lastyear,Iwasassignedtoworkatanofficenearmymother’shouse,soIstayedwithherforamonth.Duringthattime,Ihelpedoutwiththehouseworkandcontributedtothegroceries.
Afterlessthanaweek,Istartednoticingthatthegrocerieswererunningoutprettyquickly—wewerealwayssuddenlyoutofsomething.5．（wonder）howmymumcouldconsumethemsoquickly,Ibeganobservingherdailyroutinefortwoweeks.Tomysurprise,Ifoundthatshewouldpackapaperbagfullofcannedgoodsandheadouteverymorningataboutnine.Eventually,Idecidedtofollowherand6．happenedtrulyamazedme.Shewastakingthefoodtotherefugeecamp,in7．shedistributedittochildren.
Iaskedaroundandfoundoutthatmymumwasverywellknowninthearea.Thekidswereveryfriendlywithherandevenlookeduptoherasifsheweretheirownmother.Thenithitme—whywouldshenotwanttotellmeaboutwhatshe8．（do）?
WassheworriedabouthowIwouldreactorthatIwouldstop9．（buy）thegroceriesifIfoundout?
Whenshegothome,Itoldheraboutmydiscovery.10．shecouldreact,Igaveherabighugandtoldhershedidn’tneedtokeepitasecret11．me.Shetoldmethatsomeofthechildrenlivedwithanolderladyinashelterwhileotherssleptonthestreets.Foryears,mymumhasbeenhelpingoutbygivingthemwhateverfoodshecouldspare.Iwassoimpressedby12．selflessshewas.
三、汉译英
Directions:
Translatethefollowing
升级会员 