译林版中考英语中考英语总复习任务型阅读知识点总结.docx

译林版中考英语中考英语总复习任务型阅读知识点总结.docx

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译林版中考英语中考英语总复习任务型阅读知识点总结

译林版中考英语中考英语总复习任务型阅读知识点总结

一、英语任务型阅读

1．阅读短文，然后在文后思维导图内完成内容摘要，每空不超过三个词。

   TheGrandCanyon（科罗拉多大峡谷）isalargerivercanyoninArizona.Itisover220mileslongandoveramiledeepinsomeplaces.Itswidestpointis18mileswide.ThecanyonisconsideredoneoftheSevenNaturalWondersoftheWorld.

   Overmillionsofyears,theColoradoRiverworeawayrocksasitpassedthroughthearea.Slowly,therivermadethepathdeeperanddeeper.Now,thecanyonissurroundedbysteepwallsoneitherside,whiletherivercontinuestoflowatthebottomofthecanyon.

   Besidesitslargesize,theGrandCanyonisalsoknownforitsmagnificentcolors.Thecanyonismadeoflayersofrock（岩层）,andeachlayerofrockhasadifferentdepthandcolor.Geologistshaveidentifiedalmost40differentlayersofrockexposedbytheriverserosion.

   Theclimateincanyonareaisprimarilydesert,withbothhighandlowtemperatures.Theupperrimsofthecanyonoftenreceivesnowfall.Theairqualityisusuallyveryhigh,althoughduststormsandsmokefromfirescanchangetheair.

   TheGrandCanyonishometoavarietyofplantsandanimals.Plantsrangefromvariousspeciesofcactutopineforests.Manytypesofanimalsliveinthearea,includingthebaldeagle,bobcats,batsandgilamonsters.Sixdifferentkindsofrattlesnakeshavebeenfoundinthearea.

   Today,thecanyonispartoftheGrandCanyonNationalPark.Aboutfivemilliontouristsvisittheparkeachyear.

⑴________   ⑵________   ⑶________   ⑷________   ⑸________

【答案】size；climate；home；amiledeep；layer

【解析】【分析】文章大意：

文章主要介绍了美国的科罗拉多大峡谷的规模，大笑，形成原因，还用那里的生物。

（1）细节理解题，根据Itisover220mileslongandoveramiledeepinsomeplaces. Itswidestpointis18mileswide. ThecanyonisconsideredoneoftheSevenNaturalWondersoftheWorld.它长220多英里，在某些地方有一英里深，最宽的地方有18英里宽，峡谷被认为是世界七大自然奇观之一，故答案是size。

（2）细节理解题，根据Theclimateincanyonareaisprimarilydesert，withbothhighandlowtemperatures.峡谷地区的气候主要是沙漠，高温和低温并存.故答案是climate。

（3）细节理解题，根据TheGrandCanyonishometoavarietyofplantsandanimals.大峡谷里有各种各样的动植物。

故答案是home。

（4）细节理解题.根据Itisover220mileslongandoveramiledeepinsomeplaces.它长220多英里，有些地方有一英里深，故答案是amiledeep。

（5）细节理解题，根据eachlayerofrockhasadifferentdepthandcolor.每层岩石有不同的深度和颜色，故答案是layer。

【点评】考查任务型阅读，关键在看懂文章，然后根据题目要求作答，注意尽量用文章的语言填写答案。

在文章中找不到答案时，要完全理解句子，根据同义词，句型转换的方式找到可以替换文章中的单词，短语或者句子的词。

2．阅读短文，根据短文内容，在短文后的空格里填入最恰当的单词（每空限填一词）。

   OnMarch31",2019,awildfireinLiangshanYiautonomousprefecture（凉山彝族自治州）ledto31deaths,including27firefighters.AndonMay1st,2016,inAlberta,Canada,awildfiredestroyedanareaofnearly700squaremiles.Morethan88,000peoplehadtoleavetheirhomesandthousandsofhomesweredestroyed.

   Wildfiresareunexpected,unplanned.Andthecauseofmostwildfiresisunsure.Tobum,wildfiresrequiretherightconditions—fuel,oxygenandheat.Andglobalwarringisoneofthemostimportantreasons.Thehightemperaturesanddryconditionsmakethefirespreadquickly.

   Inmanypartsoftheworld,wildfireshappennaturally.Theyarestartedbylighting（闪电）orsomeotherspecialweatherconditions.Inrecentyears,therehavebeenmorewildfiresbecauseofdry,hotweather,andchangeableweatherpatternsbecauseofglobalwarning.

   However,manyfiresarestartedbypeople.Sometimes,peopleclearlandforfarming.Besides,therearesmokerswhoaccidentallysetfires.

Wildfirescancausealotofsmoke,whichwillpollutetheair.Lotsoflives,property（财产）andvaluableforestswillsoondisappearinwildfires.Whentreesareburntdown,andheavyrainfollows,moredisasterssuchasterriblefloodswillhappen.

Wildfires

Events

●31liveslostinthewildfireinLiangshanYiautonomousprefecture.

●ThewildfireinCanada________ thousandsofhomes.

________

●Bynature:

⒈Lightingorsomeotherspecialweatherconditions.

⒉Globalwarming________ tohightemperaturesanddryconditions.

●Bypeople:

⒈Peopleclearthelandforfarting.

⒉Smokesetfiresby________.

Influence

●Wildfirescancausealotofair________.

●Lives,propertyandvaluableforestsdisappear.

●Moredisasterswillhappen.

【答案】destroyed/ruined/damaged；Causes/Reasons；leads；accident/chance；pollution/problems

3．根据短文内容，从下列七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

   Sleepplaysanimportantroleinbrain（大脑）development.Childrenshouldgetenoughsleep.

   ________ Astudysaysthatbecauseofbeingshortofsleep,itismuchharderforchildrentodosomethingcarefully.Andalsotheybecomeforgetfulandeasytomakemistakes.Anotherstudyshowsthattherightamountofnight—timesleepisjustasimportantforchildren'sdevelopmentashealthyeatingandtakingexercise.

   ________ Ingeneralayoungerchildneedsmoresleepthananolderone.Childrenattheageof5-11willneed10-12hoursofsleepanightwhilechildrenattheageofmorethan11willneedlesshours.

   Infact,manyparentsdon'tknowhowtohelptheirchildrengetenoughsleep.Hereissomethingyoucando.Forchildrenattheageof5-11,a30-40minutes'routine（常规）beforesleepishelpful.________ Intheactivities,childrenrelaxandenjoythemselvesalot,andtheywillgotosleepmoreeasily.

   ChildrenattheageofmorethanIImaygotobedlateintheevening,talkingwithfriendsonline,playinggamesorwatchingTV.________  Andeventheywillbetiredduringtheday.Solimit（限制）yourchildren'suseoftheInternet,gamesandtheTVbeforetheygotobed.________

A.Ifnot,manyproblemswillcometothem.

B.Whydoesachildneedsomuchsleep?

C.Howmanyhoursofsleepisenoughforachild?

D.Sotheywillfindit,difficulttogetupinthenextmorning.

E.Itincludesabath,readingastorytogetherandsoon.

F.Takingexerciseisasimportantasenoughsleepforchildren.

G.Anddon'tallowthemtohaveacomputerorTVsetintheirbedroom.

【答案】B；C；E；D；G

4．阅读信息，用恰当的单词完成下面的短文，每空一词。

   Ourfeelingsinfluencealmosteverydecisionwemake.Insteadoflivingaboringlife,positive（积极的）feelingscanhelpusalot.Thepityisthatsometimesbecomevictimsoffeelings.

   Inoneofmylatestbooks,Icomparepeople'sabilitytocontrols（控制）onamediaplayer.Justlikethecontrolscanhelpyouenjoywonderfulsongs,thesemethodswillbechoicesforyoutomanagefeelingssuccessfully.

⒈Pause.

   Taketimetostopandthinkbeforeyouspeakoract.Ofcourse,youmayfeelsorryifyoulikedoingsomethingwithoutthinking-likesendinganangryemailorpostingsomethingbadonsocialmedia.Ifyoufeelyourfeelingsgettingoutofcontrol,pause.Ifpossible,goforashortwalk.Onceyou'vecalmeddown,decidehowyouwanttomoveforward.

⒉Volumecontrol

   Haveyouevernoticedthatwhenspeakingwithsomeone,yourstyleortoneisamirror（镜子）oftheperson'syouarespeakingto?

Ifyoustaycalmorquiet,they'llfollowyou.Shoutorscream,andthey'lldojustlikeyou.Ifadiscussionstartstobecomeworse,trytochangeitbysofteningyourtoneorloweringyourvoice.

⒊Record

   Ifyouwanttolearnmoreaboutanotherperson'sthoughts,recording,onewayofcarefullistening,mayhelp.Youdon'tneedtoreplyatonce;you'relisteningtounderstand.Throughcarefullistening,youoftenseethingsyoudidn'tseebeforeandcanevendiscovermisunderstandingsyoudidn'tknow.Don'tjudgeorofferadvicebeforeyouknowmoreaboutothersandthetopic.

   Sometimes,ourdecisionsareaffectedbyourfeelings.Ifyoukeeppositivefeelings,youcan________ livingaboringlife.Somemethodscanhelpyou________ incontrollingyourfeelings.First,doingwithoutthinkingmaymakeyou________whatyou'vesaidordone.It'swiseofyoutopausewhenyourfeelingsbecomebad.Second,whenspeakingwithsomeone,theotherpersonusuallyoffersyouareplyinthe________ styleortone.Socontrollingvolumeisveryimportant. What'smore,recordingisonewayofcarefullistening,withthe________ oflearningmoreaboutanotherperson'sthoughts.Followthisway,youcanjudgeoroffersuggestions.

【答案】avoid；succeed；regret；same；help

【解析】【分析】短文大意：

这篇短文讲的是如何管理好情绪给了一些建议。

（1）根据Insteadoflivingaboringlife,positive（积极的）feelingscanhelpusalot. 可知用积极的情绪能让我们避免过着令人厌烦的生活。

avoid避免，情态动词can后跟动词原形，故答案为：

avoid。

（2）根据 thesemethodswillbechoicesforyoutomanagefeelingssuccessfully.succeedindoingsth.成功做某事，helpsb.dosth.帮助某人做某事，故答案为：

succeed。

（3）根据Ofcourse,youmayfeelsorryifyoulikedoingsomethingwithoutthinking可知做事情不三思而后行会感到后悔，regret后悔，遗憾，故答案为：

regret。

（4）根据 Ifyoustaycalmorquiet,they'llfollowyou.Shoutorscream,andthey'lldojustlikeyou.可知你的情绪决定人们怎么样回复你，所以人们用用同样的类型或语调回复你，same同样的，故答案为：

same。

（5）根据Ifyouwanttolearnmoreaboutanotherperson'sthoughts,recording,onewayofcarefullistening,mayhelp.withthehelpof，在……帮助下，固定搭配，故答案为：

help。

【点评】此题考查任务型阅读理解。

先阅读短文理解短文大意。

然后进行审题。

看题目中所缺的成分，然后根据短文内容填写适当的词。

5．配对阅读：

阅读左栏的五段文字，然后在右栏A-G中找出与他们匹配的信息。

（有两个多余）

________Wangweiisabigboy.Hewantstohaveapart-timejobandmakesomemoneyforhisfamily.

________Samisacarelessboy.

HelefthisJacketoutsidetheclassroomyesterday.

________LiuHuaisaschool

girl.Sheusuallygoesshoppingandbuyssometinythings.

________WeiLinglikesreadingverymuch.Sheisgoingtoborrowsomestorybooksthisweekend.

________Joblikesplaying

Basketballverymuch.Hedoeswellinitandhewantstodomorepractice.

A.XinLinglibrary:

Youcanborrowandreadallkindsofbookshere.Thereisabigandquietreadingroomforreaders.

B.Found:

Ajacketwasfound.Thereissomemoneyandsomeotherthingsinitspockets.Pleasecometoteachers'officeandtakeitback.

C.Familycooking:

Itisapopularandusefulprogram.Itiso