状语从句的讲解最全的状语从句讲解.docx

状语从句的讲解最全的状语从句讲解.docx

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状语从句的讲解最全的状语从句讲解

状语从句的讲解

就是用一句话作状语分为：

时间，地点，方式，原因，结果，条件，让步，目的，比较

一、时间状语从句

第一次见到你

一见到你我就喜欢上了你

直到见到你

五岁时见到你

When,as,while,before,after,since,till/until,assoonasnosooner…than…scarcely…when…hardly…when…theminutethesecondtheinstantthemomentbythetime截止immediatelyinstantlydirectly

eachtimeeverytimenexttimethefirsttimeondoingsth

when

while当…时

as

1.when1）当…时/延续性动词短暂性动词都可用

2）这时/

3）届时、到时

IwaswatchingTVwhenmycellphonesuddenlyrang这时

WhenIwasfiveyearsoldIcouldspeakfivelanguages

Thewetweatherwillcontinuetommorowwhenacoldfrontisexpectedtoarrive届时到时

注意：

时间状语从句中动作发生有前后时先发生的用过去完成时

WhenmymothercamebackIhadalreadygonetobed.

2.while1）从句动词延续性

2）同时发生

3）对比的意味“然而”

4）趁着

Hetaughthimselfwhileheworkedinabank延续性动词当他在银行上班时

Whilewewereworkingtheywerehavingarest.对比

Whiletheywerehavingadiscussion,theygotveryconfused.同时

Iwantthegirlstoexperiencethatwhiletheyareyoung趁着她们还年轻我想让姑娘们体验一下

对比：

Ipreferblacktea,whilehelikescoffee

3.As1）当…时

2）一边...一边

3）随着

Asthechildrenwalkedalongthestreet,theysanghappily.当孩子们

Hesangashedanced一边一边

Youwillgrowwiserasyougrowolder随着

4.before1）在…前

2）前加一段时间直到…才…

3）还没来得及

4）要过…时间才

I’llbebackbeforeyouleave

Itmaybemanyyearsbeforewemeetagain可能要过很多年我们才能见面

ThestudentsrushedoutsidebeforeIcouldfinishedmyword还没等我讲完

Itwillbethreeweeksbeforehefinishedhiswork

Itwon’tbelongbeforehefinishedhiswork.用不了多久

5.after

Aftermyfriendgotmarried,shewenttoliveinAmerica

6.since自从主句一般为现在完成时

We’venevermetsincewegraduatedfromthecollege

Greatchangeshavetakenplacesinceyouleft

7.till/untill肯定句中可互换直到…为止

否定句中只用not…until…直到…才

Notuntil放句首句子部分倒装（倒装主句）

Donaldwillremainincollegeuntil/tillhefinishedhisPhDcourse

Donaldwon’tleavecollegeuntilhefinishedhisPhDcourse

Iwon’tgowithyouuntilIfinishedmyhomework

NotuntilmymothercamebackdidIgotobed

8.assoonas

IgavethealarmassoonasIsawthesmoke.一看见冒烟就发出警报

Hewillbesetfreeassoonasthefineispaid

9.theminute

Thesecond

Theinstant瞬间片刻立即的立刻的素食的

Themoment

Theminutewegothome,thetelephonerang

10.nosooner…than…

Scarcely…when…

Hardly…when…

Ihadnosoonergothomethanitbegantorain.

Thefanshadhardlyseenthemoviestarwhentheycried

Thefanshadscarcelyseenthemoviestarwhentheycried

注意：

他们提前句子部分倒装

NosoonerhadIgothomethanitbegantorain.

HardlyhadIgothomewhenitbegantorain

Scarcelyhadthefansseenthemoviestarwhentheycried

11.名词引导的时间状语从句

ThefirsttimeIsawyouImistookyouforafilmstar

NexttimeIseeyouIwilltellyouthetruth

Everytime/eachtimeIseethispictureIthinkofmyhometown.

12.On+doing一…就…

Onarrivinghome,hediscoveredtheyhadgone一到家发现他们已经走了

13.immediatelyinstantlydirectly

Immediatelyshehadgone,Irememberedhername.她刚走开我就想起了她的名字

14.bythetime1）从句是一般现在时主句用将来完成时

2）从句是一般过去时主句用过去完成时

Bythetimeyoureceivethisletter,Iwillhaveleftthiscity

Ishallhavefinisheditbythetimeyoucomeback你回来以前我就做完了

BythetimeIgotthere,thebushadalreadyleft.

注意：

assoonasafterbefore常与过去完成时连用

AfterIhadfinishedmyhomeworkIwenttosleep

BeforeIwenttosleepIhadfinishedmyhomework

AssoonasIhadfinishedmyhomeworkIwentotsleep.

但是如果不强调时间的先后都可以用一般过去时

AfterIfinishedmyhomeworkIwenttosleep/

二、地点状语从句

一、Where在…地方wherever无论哪里anywhere任何地方everywhere到处

1.where

Youshouldputthebookwhereyoufoundit

Wemustcampwherewecanfindwater

Youhadbettermakeamarkwhereyouhaveanyquestions.

2.wherever

whereverthereissmoke,thereisfire

pleaseputthecupwhereverthatisconvinient

3.anywhere

Youcanputitanywhereyoulike

Ican’tstayanywheretherearealotofpeople

4.everywhere

EverywhereIgo,Ifindthesamething.去到的每一处都看到同样的情况

Ihavesearchedeverywherethereisaclue

二、与定语从句的区别

1.定语从句中where是关系副词在从句中充当状语前面有表示地点的名词

状语从句中where是从属连词引导的从句修饰主句的谓语动词整个句子做状语前面无先行词

Bamboogrowsbestinplaceswhereitiswarmandwhereitrainsoften.

Bamboogrowsbestwhereitiswarmandwhereitrainsoften.

Gobackwhereyoucamefrom

Gobacktotheplacewhereyoucame

2.where引导的状从可放在句首与句末都可

而where引导的定语从句只放在句末

三、练习

1.headvisedmetolive_______theairisfresher

A.inwhereB.inwhichC.theplacewhereD.where

2.inpeacetoo,theRedCrossisexpectedtosendhelp_______thereishumansuffering

A.whoeverB.howeverC.whateverD.wherever

3.ifyouaretravelling____thecustomsarereallyforeigntoyouown.pleasedoastheRomansdo

A.inwhichB.whatC.whenD.where

三、原因状语从句

Becausesinceforasnowthatinthatbecauseof既然鉴于inasmuchas

既然鉴于insofaras

鉴于考虑到consideringthatseeingthatgiventhat

Forthereasonthat由于…原因duetothefactthat由于…事实owingtothefactthat

1.because1）语气最强常放句末

2）回答why的问句

3）强调句

ImissedthetrainbecauseIgotuplate.

Heisdisappointedbecausehefailedagain

Becausehefailedagainsoheisdisappointed错不能出现so

注意;because前可以加程度副词simplybecausejustmerelymainly

Itisbecausesheistooinexperiencedthatshedoesnotknowhowtodealwiththesituation

2.since语气弱一些表示对方已知的已经存在的原因“既然”常常放句首

Sinceyouarenotinterested,Iwon’ttellyouaboutit

Sincenooneisagainstit,wewillpassit通过了

3.as“由于’表示较为明显的原因常放句首

Asitissnowing,you’dbettertakeataxi

Asyourequestit,Iwillcome

4.for1）表示猜测的原因放句末用逗号隔开

2）多用于书面语不表示直接原因对前面的句子附带说明

Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswet

Iwenttoseehim,forIhadsomethingtotellhim.

Iwanttobeanengineer,forit’smydream

5.nowthat既然=since

表示新出现的情况促成某事的发生放句首居多

已经有的情况目前的状况

Steven,IheardthattheflighttickettoAmericaischeaprecently.Nowthatyouhavetime,why

notwegotheretogether.

Nowthatwecan’tchangethefact,let’sacceptit.

6.inthat

仅因为就因为有限制意味多用于否定中

Someoldpeopleonlyrememberhappythingsinthattheycan’tgetusedtothisfastsociety

Idon’tlikesportsinthatIamgoodatit

7.inasmuchasinsofaras既然鉴于

Insofarasitisnotmyfault,Idon’tcare.

Inasmuchasthedebtorhasnoproperty,Iabandonmyclaim

8.consideringthat考虑到鉴于补充说明

Sheknowsquitealotaboutit,considering（that）sheisveryyoung.

Consideringthatsheisjustachild,Iamnotverystrictwithher

9.seeingthat由于因为鉴于已有情况

Seeingthathe’sbeensickallweek,heisunlikelytocometoday.

SeeingthatyoulivenextdoortoMrBlack,youshouldrecognizeher.

10.forthereasonthat很正式的书面表达

Duetothefactthat

Owingtothefactthat

IleftthatcountryduetothefactthatIcan’tacceptitsculture

Forthereasonthat

Owingtothefactthat

11.giventhat由于鉴于

Giventhatyouarenewhere,Iwillshowyouaround.

四、条件状语从句

一、Ifunless=ifnotifonlyaslongas=solongasoncondition（that）

incase假如以防万一

provided（that）=providing（that）suppose（that）=supposing（that）once

1.if如果

1）真实条件句

2）非真实条件句（虚拟语气）

Ifitdoesn’trainwewillgoclimbing

Ifyouhaveanyquestion,youcanvoicethemnow.可以提出来

主将从先主情从现

IfIwereabird,Iwouldfly

2.unless=ifnot

Youwillbelate,unlessyouhurry=You’llbelate,ifyoudon’thurry

Ifyoudon’tvisithimtomorrow,hewillbeangry=Unlessyouvisithimtomorrowhe’llbeangry

Iwon’tforgiveyouunlessyouapologize=Iwon’tforgiveyou,Ifyoudon’tapologize

3.ifonly只要如果要是…就好了

I’llletyouusemycar,ifonlyyoureturnit

省略主句用虚拟

IfonlyheknewEnglish

4.incase

Takeacoatincasetheweatherturnscold主祈使从现

IncaseIforget,pleaseremindmeaboutit如果我忘了请提醒我

I’llgiveyoumyphonenumberincaseyouwanttocontactme主将从现

注意：

incaseof+名词表条件以防inthatcase在那种情况下

Incaseofraintheycan’tgotothepark万一下雨他们就不能去公园了

Inthatcase,hewouldbepunished情况如此他就会收到惩罚

5.aslongas=solongas只要如果主将从现主情从现

Aslongasitdoesn’train,wecangotoplay

Aslongas/solongaswedon’tloseheart,we’llfindawaytoovercomethedifficulty

Youcangotoseethefilmas/solongasyouarriveontime只要你按时到你就能去看这场电影

注意：

aslongas还有…之久的意思

Youcankeepitaslongasyoucan=Youcankeepitaslongaspossible你可以尽量久地保留它

6.onconditiongthat条件是只要

I’llcomeonconditonthatAmyisinvitedtoo我可以来条件是艾米也被邀请了

7.provided（that）=providing（that）

Providingthereisnoobjection,weshallmakeadecision

Hewon’tbeagainstusinthemeetingprovided（that）weaskforhisadvice

只要我们征求他的意见

8.suppose（that）=supposing（that）假如假设

Supposingitrains,shallwevisitthemuseum?

Supposethatyouareafamouswriter,doyouliketowritesuchabook?

9.once

I’llmakefriendsonceI’msettledinParis.

二、时态的一致

1.时间状语从句和条件状语从句中遵从主将从现主情从现主祈使从现

He’llbeadoctorwhenhefinishesstudyinghere.

Ifitdoesn’traintomorrow,we’llstart出发

Ifyougetthebook,letmeknow.

Ifyoulike,youcanstayherefortheweekend.在这里过周末

Ifyoudrink,don’tdrive

2.如果谓语是wanthope等动词，则条件状从一般用一般现在时

Whatdoyouwanttodoifyouhavemuchmoney?

IhopetoseeherifI’mfree

3.有些句子中主从句都用一般现在时

Ifyouringthisnumber,nooneanswers

Ifyoupresstheswitch,thecomputercomeson如果你按这个开关计算机就会启动

4.条件状从中也可用的will表示意愿

Ifyouwon’tgo,youneedn’tgo/won’tgo如果你不愿意去，那就不去

Ifyou’lljustwaitamoment,I’llfindsomeonetohelpyou如果你愿意等一会我会找人帮你

五、目的状语从句

Sothatinorderthatlest以免forfearthat唯恐sothatincase以免

1.sothat为了

Ispokeslowlysothatyoucouldunderstandme.

2.inorderthat为了

Sheraisedhervoiceinorderthatshemightbeheard=sheraisedhervoicesothatshemightbeheard

注意：

inorderthat与sothat可以改为不定式做目的状语=inordertodosoastodotodo

Sheraisedhervoicesoastobeheard因为soastodo不可以放句首

Inordertobeheardsheraisedhervoice=sheraisedhervoiceinordertobe