全国卷1英语推断题解题技巧verygood.docx

全国卷1英语推断题解题技巧verygood.docx

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全国卷1英语推断题解题技巧verygood

阅读理解推断题解题技巧

推断题的提问方式：

（1）Wecaninferfromthetextthat...?

（2）Whatcanwelearnfrom...?

（3）Thelastsentenceofthefirstparagraphmostprobablyimpliesthat_______.

（4）Tosolvethepresentsocialproblemstheauthorsuggeststhatweshould_______.

（5）Theauthormentionsthefactthat...toshow_______

（6）What’stheauthor’sattitudetowards...?

（7）Whatcanyouconcludefromthis（last）passage?

（8）Thispassagewouldmostlikelybefoundin_______?

标志词：

infer,imply,learn,suggest,conclude,indicate,attitude…

推断题解题原则：

原则一：

判断有据，推论有理；忠于原文，合理推断。

推断题干扰项特征：

1.原文明确提到的信息，非推断信息。

2.语言表达正确，却偏离主题。

3.推理不够准确，过于绝对。

4.内容部分正确，部分错误。

解题技法1：

领悟隐含意义

1.读懂作者“弦外之音”。

2.不可直接选取文中的原句。

解题技法2：

运用逻辑思维

1.根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断。

2.根据作者所阐述的观点或理论，对文章未涉及的现象或事例给予解释。

要求：

1.根据文章内容或作者观点推断。

2.切忌主观臆断，以自己的观点取代作者的原意。

Example1

2015年全国卷IB篇

ThefreezingNortheasthasn’tbeenaterriblyfunplacetospendtimethiswinter,sowhenthechancecameforaweekendtoSarasota,Florida,mybagswerepackedbeforeyoucouldsay“sunshine”.IleftforthelandofwarmthandvitaminC（维生素C）,thinkingofbeachesandorangetrees.Whenwetoucheddowntoblueskiesandwarmair,Isentupasmallprayerofgratefulness.Swimmingpools,winetasting,andpinksunsets（atnormaleveninghours,not4intheafternoon）filledtheweekend,butthebestpart-particularlytomytaste,dulledbymonthsofcold-weatherrootvegetables-wasa7a.m.adventuretotheSarasotafarmers’marketthatprovedtobemorethanworththeearlywake-upcall.

Themarket,whichwasfoundedin1979,setsupitstentseverySaturdayfrom7:

00amto1p.m,rainorshine,alongNorthLemonandStatestreets.Basketsofperfectredstrawberries,thered-paintedsidesoftheJavaDawgcoffeetruck;andmostofall,thetomatoes:

amazing,large,softandroundredtomatoes.

Disappointedbymanyabroken,vine-ripened（蔓上成熟的）promise,I’verefusedtobuywintertomatoesforyears.Nomatterhowattractivetheylookinthestore,onceIgetthemhomethey’reunfailinglydry,hard,andtasteless.ButIhomedin,withuncertainty,ononeparticulartableattheBrown’sGroveFarm’sstand,fulloffreshandsofttomatoesthesizeofmyfist.Theseweretherealdeal-andatthatmoment,IrealizedthatthebestpartofSarasotainwinterwasgoingtobeeatingthingsthatbackhomeinNewYorkIwouldn’tbeexperiencingagainformonths.

DelightedasIwasbythetomatoesinsight,myhappinessdeepenedwhenIlearnedthatBrown’sGroveFarmisoneofthesuppliersforJackDusty,anewlyopenedrestaurantattheSarasotaRitzCarlton,where-luckilyforme-Iwasplanningtohavedinnerthatverynight.Withoutevenseeingthemenu,IknewI’dbeorderingeverytomatoonit.

24.WhatdidtheauthorthinkofherwinterlifeinNewYork?

A.Exciting.B.Boring.C.Relaxing.D.Annoying.

25.Whatmadetheauthor’sgettinguplateearlyworthwhile?

A.Havingaswim.B.Breathinginfreshair.

C.Walkinginthemorningsun.D.Visitingalocalfarmer’smarket.

26.WhatcanwelearnabouttomatoessoldinNewYorkinwinter?

A.Theyaresoft.B.Theylooknice.

C.Theytastegreat.D.Theyarejuicy.

27.Whatwastheauthorgoingtothatevening?

A.Gotoafarm.B.Checkintoahotel.

C.Eatinarestaurant.D.Buyfreshvegetable

Example2

2015年全国卷IIC篇

Morestudentsthaneverbeforearetakingagapyear（间隔年）beforegoingtouniversity.Itusedtobethe“yearoff”betweenschoolanduniversity.Thegap-yearphenomenonoriginated（起源）withthemonthsleftovertoOxbridgeapplicantsbetweenentranceexamsinNovemberandthestartofthenextacademicyear.

Thisyear,25,310studentswhohaveacceptedplacesinhighereducationinstitutionshaveputofftheirentryuntilnextyear,accordingtostatisticsonuniversityentranceprovidedbytheUniversityandCollegeAdmissionsService（UCAS）.

Thatisarecord14.7%increaseinthenumberofstudentstakingagapyear.TonyHigginsfromUCASsaidthatthestatisticsaregoodnewsforeveryoneinhighereducation.“Studentswhotakeawell-plannedyearoutaremorelikelytobesatisfiedwith,andcomplete,theirchosencourse.Studentswhotakeagapyearareoftenmorematureandresponsible,”hesaid.

Butnoteveryoneishappy.OwainJames,thepresidentoftheNationalUnionofStudents（NUS）,arguedthattheincreaseisevidenceofstudenthardship–youngpeoplearebeingforcedintoearningmoneybeforefinishingtheireducation.“Newstudentsarenowawarethattheyarelikelytoleaveuniversityupto￡15,000indebt.Itisnotsurprisingthatmoreandmorestudentsaretakingagapyeartoearnmoneytosupporttheirstudyforthedegree.NUSstatisticsshowthatover40%ofstudentsareforcedtoworkduringtermtimeandthefigureincreasesto90%duringvacatingperiods,”hesaid.

29.Whatdowelearnaboutthegapyearfromthetext?

A.Itisflexibleinlength.B.Itisatimeforrelaxation

C.ItisincreasinglypopularD.Itisrequiredbyuniversities

Example3

2015年重庆卷B篇

InancientEgypt,ashopkeeperdiscoveredthathecouldattractcustomerstohisshopsimplybymakingchangestoitsenvironment.Modernbusinesseshavebeenfollowinghislead,withmoretactics（策略）.

Onetacticinvolveswheretodisplaythegoods.Foeexample,storesplacefruitsandvegetablesinthefirstsection.Theyknowthatcustomerswhobuythehealthyfoodfirstwillfeelhappysothattheywillbuymorejunkfood（垃圾食品）laterintheirtrip.Indepartmentstores,sectionisgenerallynexttothewomen’scosmetics（化妆品）section：

whiletheshopassistantisgoingbacktofindtherightsizeshoe,boredcustomersarelikelytowanderovercosmeticstheymightwanttotrylater.

Besides,businessesseektoappealtocustomers’senses.Storesnoticethatthesmellofbakedgoodsencouragesshopping,theymaketheirownbreadeachmorningandthenfanthebreadsmellintothestorethroughouttheday.Musicsellsgoods,too.ResearchersinBritainfoundthatwhenFrenchmusicwasplayed,salesofFrenchwinewentup.

Whenitcomestothesellingofhouses,businessesalsousehighlyrewardingtactics.Theyfindthatcustomersmakedecisioninthefirstfewseconduponwalkinginthedoor,andturnitintoabusinessopportunity.ACaliforniabuilderdesignedthestructureofitshousessmartly.Whenenteringthehouse,thecustomerwouldseethePacificOceanthroughthewindows,andthenthepollthroughanopenstairwayleadingtothelowerlevel.Theinstantviewofwateronbothlevelshelpedsellthese$10millionhouses.

42.WhatistheCaliforniabuilder’sstoryintendedtoprove?

A.Thehousestructureisakeyfactorcustomersconsider.

B.Themorecostlythehouseis,thebetteritsells.

C.Anoceanviewismuchtothecustomers’taste.

D.Agoodfirstimpressionincreasessales.

Example4

2015年浙江卷C篇

Ifhumansweretrulyathomeunderthelightofthemoonandstars,wewouldgoindarknesshappily,themidnightworldasvisibletousasitistothevastnumberofnocturnal（夜间活动的）speciesonthisplanet.Instead,wearediurnalcreatures,witheyesadaptedtolivinginthesun’slight.Thisisabasicevolutionaryfact,eventhoughmostofusdon’tthinkofourselvesasdiurnalbeings.Yetit’stheonlywaytoexplainwhatwe’vedonetothenight:

We’veengineeredittoreceiveusbyfillingitwithlight.

Thebenefitsofthiskindofengineeringcomewithconsequences---calledlightpollution---whoseeffectsscientistsareonlynowbeginningtostudy.Lightpollutionislargelytheresultofbadlightingdesign,whichallowsartificiallighttoshineoutwardandupwardintothesky.Thedesignedlightingwashesoutthedarknessofnightandcompletelychangesthelightlevels---andlightrhythms---towhichmanyformsoflife,including,ourselves,haveadapted.Whereverhumanlightspillsintothenaturallworld,someaspectorlifeisaffected.

Inmostcitiestheskylooksasthoughithasbeenemptiedofstars,leavingbehindavacanthaze（霾）thatmirrorsourfearofthedark.We’vegrownsousedtothisorangehazethattheoriginalgloiyofanunlitnigh,darkenoughfortheplanetVenustothrowshadowonEarth,iswhollybeyondourexperience,beyondmemoryalmost.

We’velitupthenightasifitwereanunoccupiedcountry,whennothingcouldbefurtherformthetruth.Amongmammalsalone,thenumberofnocturnalspeciesisastonishing.Lightisapowerfulbiologicalforce,andonmanyspeciesitactsasamagnet（磁铁）.Theeffectissopowerfulthatscientistsspeakofsongbirdsandseabirdsbeing“captured”bysearchlightsonlandorbythelightfromgasflaresonmarineoilplatforms.Migratingatnight,birdstendtocollidewithbrightlylittallbuildings.

Frogslivingnearbrightlylithighwayssuffernocturnallightlevelsthatareasmuchasamilliontimesrighterthannormal,throwingnearlyeveryaspectoftheirbehavioroutofjointincludingmostothercreatures,wedoneeddarkness.Darknessisasessentialtoourbiologicalwelfare,toourinternalclockwork,aslightitself.

Livinginaglareofourmaking,wehavecutourselvesofffromourevolutionaryandculturalheritage—thelightofthestarsandtherhythmsofdayandnight.Inaveryrealsenselightpollutioncausesustolosesightofourtrueplaceintheuniverse,toforgetthescaleofourbeing,whichisbestmeasuredagainstthedimensionsofadeepnightwiththeMilkyWay—theedgeofourgalaxyarchingoverhead.

53.Itisimpliedinthelastparagraphthat__________.

A.lightpollutiondoseharmtotheeyesightofanimals

B.lightpollutionhasdestroyedsomeoftheworldheritages

C.humanbeingscannotgototheouterspace

D.humanbeingsshouldreflectontheirpositionintheuniverse

Ex