上海市上海中学高三上学期周练英语试题.docx

上海市上海中学高三上学期周练英语试题.docx

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上海市上海中学高三上学期周练英语试题

上海中学高三周考

II.GrammarandvocabularySectionA10%

Directions:

Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.

Thereseemsnever21（be）acivilizationwithouttoys,butwhenandhowtheydevelopedisunknown.Theyprobablycameaboutjusttogivechildrensomethingtodo.

Intheancientworld,asistoday,mostboys22（play）withsomekindsoftoysandmostgirlswithothers.Insocieties23socialrolesarerigidlydetermined,boyspatterntheirplayaftertheactivitiesoftheirfathersandgirls24（prepare）,eveninplay,tostepintotherolesandresponsibilitiesoftheadultworld.

25isremarkableaboutthehistoryoftoysisnotsomuchhowtheychangedoverthecenturiesbuthowmuchtheyhaveremainedthesame.Thechangeshavebeenmostly26craftsmanship,mechanics,andtechnology.

Itistheuniversality（普遍性）oftoyswithregardtotheirdevelopmentinallpartsofthe

worldandtheirpersistencetothepresent27isamazing.InEgypt,America,

China,JapanandamongtheArctic（北极的）people,generallythesamekindsoftoysappeared.Variationsdependedonlocalcustomsandwaysoflife28toysimitatetheirsurroundings.Nearlyeverycivilizationhaddolls,littleweapons,toysoldiers,tinyanimalsandvehicles.

Becausetoys29begenerallyregardedasakindofartform,theyhavenotbeensubjecttotechnologicalleapsthatcharacterizeinventionsforadultuse.Theprogressfromthewheeltothecarttotheautomobileisadirectlineofwaysup.Theprogressfromarattle（拨浪鼓）usedbyababyin3,000BCto30usedbyaninfanttoday,however,isnotcharacterizedbyinventiveness（独创性）.Eachrattleistheproductoftheartistictastesofthetimesandsubjecttothelimitationsofavailablematerials.

SectionB

Directions:

Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbe

usedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.unwilling

B.aggression

C.necessarily

D.felt

E.tension

F.area

G.surprised

H.clear

I.range

J.helpful

K.relatively

Anaddiction（瘾）isanactivityorsubstanceweareeagertoexperiencerepeatedlyandfor

whichwearewillingifnecessarytopayaprice.Commonaddictionsinvolvealcoholcigarettesfooddrugsgamblingetc.Thisarticlediscussestheconceptswhichcanbe

31incopingwithaddictivebehavior.

32minoraddictionssuchaswatchingtoomuchtelevisionorlyinginbedonweekendmorningsareoftennotevenconsideredaddictionsbecausethepricepaidforengaginginthemisnothigh.Ontheotherhandwetendtousetheterm“addict”todescribethepersonwhoatleastintheeyesofotherscontinuestobeaddictedinabehaviorlongafterithasbecome33thatthesubstantialpricebeingpaidwasnotworththebenefit.

Theindividualwhohaslostcareerhousefamilyandfriendsbecauseofcocaine（可卡因）use

butis34toconsiderstoppingisanunfortunateexample.

Negativeaddictionsrangefromthosewithveryminornegativeconsequencestothoseasseriousasthecocaineaddictjustmentionedwithmuch35inbetween.Althoughitisnot36truethatanegativeaddictiongrowsstrongerovertimeyetaconstantlevelofaddictivebehavior.overspending$200aweek）canleadtoanincreasinglevelofnegativeconsequences.

Youmaybe37tolearnthataddictionscanalsobeconsideredpositive.Positiveaddictionsarethoseinwhichthebenefitsoutweightheprice.Acommonexamplewouldbethehabitofregularexercise.Thepriceofmembershipinagymthetimeinvolvedandanyclothingexpenseisoutweighedbythebenefitsofbetterhealthenergyself-confidenceandappearance.Aswithnegativeaddictionspositiveaddictionsmaynotgetstrongerovertimeandthereisabroad38ofhowmuchbenefitisactuallyobtained.

Whatiscommontobothpositiveandnegativeaddictionsistheurgetoengageintheaddictivebehaviorandthesatisfactionthatis39whentheurgeisactedupon.Theurgeisastateof40andexpectationthatisexperienceduncomfortablyasadesireforthesubstanceoractivity.Becauseweexperiencereliefwhentheurgeisacteduponthereisanincreasedlikelihoodthatwewillactontheurgeagain.

III.ReadingcomprehensionSectionA

Directions:

ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.

TheimportanceoflikingpeopleisthesubjectofanarticleintheHarvardBusiness.Review，whichhascarriedoutanexperimenttofindoutwhowe'dratherworkwith.Hardlysurprisingly,thepeoplewewantmostasourworkmatesareboth:

41attheirjoband

delightfulhumanbeings.Andthepeoplewewantleastarebothunpleasantanduseless.Moreinterestingly,theautorsfoundthat,giventhechoicebetweenworkingwithlovablefollsandcomptentjerks（性情古怪的人）,weirresistiblychoosethe42.Anyway,wholikesthosewho43orhurtotherpeople?

Wemightinsistthatcompetencemattersmore,but

our44showswestayclosetothepeoplewelike,sharinginformationwiththem.

Whatcompaniesshould45doisgetpeopletolikeeachothermore.Thetrick

hereisapparentlytomakesurethatstuffscomeacrosseachotherasoftenaspossibleduringday.Theyalsoshouldbesentonbondingcoursesandsoontoencouragefriendlinessand

46displeasure.

47,moreoutdoor-activityweekendsandsharedcoffeemachinesinspirenoconfidenceatall.The48isthatpeopleeitherlikeeachotherortheydon’t.Youcan’tforceit.Possiblyyoucanmakeofficesfridendlierbytoleratingalotofchat,butthereisa

49costtothat.Inmyexperience,thequestionoflovablefoolagainstcompetentjerkmaynotbetherightone.Thetwoareinterrelated:

wetendnottolikeourworkmateswhentheyarecompletely50.IwasoncequitefriendlywithawomanwhomIlaterworkedwith.Ifoundhertobeso51badatherjobthatIlostrespectforherandendedupnotreallylikingheratall.Thenisthereanythingthatcompaniesshouldbedoingaboutit?

Byfarthemosteffectivestrategywouldbetohirepeoplewhoareallprettymuchthesame,giventhat52isoneofthemaindeterminantsofwhetherwelikeeachother.I

thinkthisisaprettygoodides,butnoone53recommendthisanymorewithout

offendingthediversitylobbygroup（游说团体）.Thereisonlyoneacceptableviewonthissubject:

teamsofsimilarpeoplearebadbecausetheystopcreativity.Thismaybetrue,thoughIhaveneverseenanyconclusiveproofofit.

Notonlydowelikesimilarpeople,welikepeoplewholikeus.Soifcompanieswantto

54moreliking,theyshouldencourageaculturewhereweareallnicetoeachother.The

55isthatthisneedstobedonewithsomeskill.

41.A.strangeB.brilliantC.surprisedD.absent-minded

42.A.formerB.latterC.majorityD.minority

43.A.hateB.fearC.doubtD.annoy

44.A.thoughtB.behaviorC.expressionD.appearance

45.A.furtherB.neverthelessC.thereforeD.instead

46.A.breakdownB.talktoC.pickoutD.holdout

47.A.besidesB.FurthermoreC.HoweverD.Hence

48.A.impressionB.realityC.practiceD.custom

49.A.investmentB.productionC.operationD.productivity

50.A.valuelessB.disabledC.hopelessD.careless

51.A.outstandinglyB.inevitablyC.hopefullyD.forgetfully

52.A.appearanceB.effectivenessC.distinctionD.similarity

53.A.needB.dareC.mustD.should

54.A.createB.discoverC.promoteD.place

55.A.strategyB.standardC.hopeD.trouble

SectionB

Directions:

Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.

A

Asafatheroffour,I’mconcernedabouthowtoleadmychildrentobegoodyoungmenandwomeninsuchaturbulenttime.Ihavestudiedphilosophy,mysticism,andreligionmyentirelife.Theyprovidegreatlessonsinresponsibilityandgrowth.However,Ialsorecognizethat,atleastatthispointintheirlives,mychildrenarenotterriblyinterestedinsuchsubjects.WhileIwasreflectingonthis,IwasremindedofalineinasongIhadheardrecently.Itgoes:

“Ifyouhadonlyonechancetosaysomething,whatwoulditbe?

”

Thatnight,IfoundmytowoldestkidsloungingonthecouchwatchingaTVshowthatfeaturedviolence,cursingandevensome“adultscenes”.Iquietlysatonachairnexttothem.Isawmyboystraightenup,andmygirlpretendedtoignoreme.Ididn’tmakeanyusualcommentsaboutthepointlessnessofsuchprograms.Ididn’tevenrollmyeyes,althoughthistooksomeeffort.Isimplyasked:

Canyoutellmehowthiswillmakeyouabatterperson?

Withoutaword,Igotupandlefttheroom.Abouttenminuteslater,tomysurprise,thechildrenwereintheirroomsdoingtheirhomeworkandthetelevisionwassilent.Remarkable.Thisphilosophycanchangethewayweliveourlives.Forexample,wheneverIfeelangryandgettheurgetolashout,Iaskmyself:

“HowdoesthisactingorfeelingthewayIdorightnowmakemeabetterperson?

”Ibegantorealizethatrarelydidmythoughtsoractionsresult

inself-improvement,soImadeconsciousefforttochangemymindsetandbehavior.

Weallwanttobebetterfathers,mothers,sonsanddaughters.Betterworkers,betterleaders,betterlovers......thislistgoeson.Sometimessucceedingintheserolescanbetoug