广州市届高三英语一模考试试题附答案doc.docx

广州市届高三英语一模考试试题附答案doc.docx

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广州市届高三英语一模考试试题附答案doc

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　　In1800,onlythreepercentoftheworld’spopulationlivedincities.Onlyonecity—Beijing—hadapopulationofoveramillion.Mostpeoplelivedinruralareas,andneversawacityintheirlives.In1900,justahundredyearslater,roughly150millionpeoplelivedincities,andtheworld’stenlargestcitiesallhadpopulationsexceedingonemillion.By2000,thenumberofcitydwellersexceededthreebillion;andin2008,theworld’spopulationcrossedatippingpoint—morethanhalfofthepeopleonEarthlivedincities.By2050,thatcouldincreasetoovertwo-thirds.Clearly,humanshavebecomeanurbanspecies.

　　Inthe19thandearly20thcenturies,manypeopleviewedcitiesnegatively—crowded,dirtyenvironmentsfullofdiseaseandcrime.Theyfearedthatascitiesgotbigger,livingconditionswouldworsen.Inrecentdecades,however,attitudeshavechanged.Manyexpertsnowthinkurbanization（城市化）isgoodnews,offeringsolutionstotheproblemsofEarth’s

　　growingpopulation.

　　HarvardeconomistEdwardGlaeser,authorofTheVictoryoftheCir,isonesuchperson.Glaeserarguesthatcitiesareveryproductivebecause“theabsenceofspacebetweenpeople”reducesthecostoftransportinggoods,people,andideas.Whiletheflowofgoodshasalwaysbeenimportanttocities,whatismostimportanttodayistheflowofideas.Successfulcitiesenablepeopletolearnfromeachothereasily,andattractandrewardsmartpeoplewithhigherwages.

　　AnotherurbanizationsupporterisenvironmentalistStewartBrand.Brandbelievescitieshelptheenvironmentbecausetheyallowhaftoftheworld’spopulationtoliveonaboutfourpercentoftheland.Thisleavesmorespaceforopencountry,suchasfarmland.Citydwellersalsohavelessimpactperpersonontheenvironmentthanpeopleinthecountryside.Theirroads,sewers,andpowerlinesneedfewerresourcestobuildandoperate.Cityapartmentsrequirelessenergytoheat,cool,andlight.M

　　ostimportantly,peopleincitiesdrivelesssotheyproducefewergreenhousegasesperperson.

　　Soit’samistaketoseeurbanizationasevil;it’sanaturalpartofdevelopment.Thechallengeishowtomanagethegrowth.

　　4.WhatisParagraph1mainlyabout?

　　A.Thehistoryofmoderncities.

　　B.Changestakingplacewithincities.

　　C.Howcitieshavegrownovertime.

　　D.Whymoderncitiesarechanging.

　　5.Howhaveexperts’attitudestowardscitieschangedinrecentdecades?

　　A.Theynowviewtheweaknessesasstrengths.

　　B.Theynolongerseecity-rivingasattractive.

　　C.Theyacceptcitylifeinspiteofitsproblems.

　　D.Theythinkcity-rivingprovidesmorebenefits.

　　6.WhichofthefollowingwouldEdwardGlaeseragreewith?

　　A.Citiesprovidemoreeconomicopportunities.

　　B.Citypeoplegetalongbetterwitheachother.

　　C.Over-crowdedcitiesresultinproblems.

　　D.Citieslimittheflowofideas.

　　7.AccordingtoParagraph4,whatwouldbeth

　　eresultofmovingpeopleoutofcities?

　　A.Economicproductionwouldbereduced.

　　B.Therewouldbelessfarmlandavailable.

　　C.Peoplewouldtravellessfrequently.

　　D.Housevalueswouldfallgreatly.

　　CDAB

　　ItwasDecember25,1914,only5monthsintoWorldWarI.German,British,andFrenchsoldiers,alreadysickandtiredofthesenselesskilling,disobeyedtheirsuperiorsandstartedsocialisingwith“theenemy”alongtwo-thirdsoftheWesternFront.

　　GermantroopsheldupChristmastreeswithsigns,“MerryChristmas”.Thousandsoftroopsranacrossthebattlefieldscoveredwithdeadbodies.TheysangChristmassongs,exchangedphotographsoflovedonesbackhome,sharedfoodandevenplayedfootball.Soldiershuggedmentheyhadbeentryingtokillafewshorthoursbefore.Theyagreedtowarneachotheriftheirofficersforcedthemtofiretheirweapons,andtoaimhigh.

　　Fearranthroughthemilitaryleadersonbothsides.Theyfeltthattheirpowe

　　rwasbeingchallenged:

soldiersdeclaringtheirbrotherhoodwitheachotherandrefusingtofight.Generalsdeclaredthisunexpectedpeacemakingillegalandsaidthatparticipatingsoldierswouldfaceamilitarycourt.Thosefoundguiltywouldbeimprisonedorevenshot.ByMarch1915thesocialisingmovementhadbeendestroyedandthekillingmachinewasbackinfulloperation.Overthenextthreeyearsmorethanfifteenmillionpeoplediedinthewar.

　　NotmanypeoplehaveheardthestoryoftheChristmasTruce（休战）.OnChristmasDay,1988,alocalradiohostinBostonplayed“ChristmasintheTrenches”,asongabouttheChristmasTruce,severaltimesandwasstunnedbyhislisteners’response.Thousandsofpeoplecalledin,praisingthesong,withmanymovedtotearsbytheamazingeventsitdescribed.

　　Youcanprobablyguesswhythecallerswereintears.TheChristmasTrucestorygoesagainstmostofwhatwehavebeentaughtaboutpeople.Itletsusseetheworldasit

　　canbeandsays,“Thisreallyhappenedonce.”Itshowsusthepotentialwehaveashumans,andcontradictsallofthoseTVandnewspaperstoriesthattellushowmeanandheartlesspeopleare.Itislikehearingthatourdeepestwishesreallyaretrue:

theworldreallycanbedifferent.

　　8.Thesoldiersbegansocialisingwiththeenemybecause________.

　　A.theycouldn’tbearthemeaninglesskilling

　　B.itwasthebestwaytoavoidbeingkilled

　　C.theyfearedthattheywouldbecaught

　　D.theirenemieswerefromsimilarbackgrounds

　　9.Howdidthegeneralsfinallyputanendtothesoldiers’socialising?

　　A.Theysentthesoldiers’lovedonestoprison.

　　B.Theymovedthetwogroupsofsoldiersfurtherapart.

　　C.Theyincreasedthenumberofofficerstocontrolthesoldiers.

　　D.Theywarnedthesoldiersthattheywouldfaceseverepunishment.

　　10.Theunderlinedword“stunned”inParagraph4mostprobablymeans________.

　　A.satisfied&nb

　　sp;B.shockedC.amusedD.confused

　　11.Theauthorusesthestoryofthesoldierstoimplythathumanbeings________.

　　A.arenottrustworthyunderstress

　　B.arenaturallyaggressiveandwar-like

　　C.arebasicallycaringandkindhearted

　　D.willalwaysdowhatisintheirownself-interest

　　ADBC

　　thisyear,thesocialmediawebsiteFacebookannouncedthatitwouldworkwithseveralnewsorganisations—includingTheNewYorkTimes,TheGuardian,andtheBBC—toplacenewsstoriesdirectlyintousers’personalFacebookwebpage.StoriespublishedusingFacebookInstantwillloadmorequicklyandkeepthestyleoftheoriginalpublisher,whowillkeepalltheadvertising

　　incomethestoriesearn—atleastfornow.Thedealshowshowimportantsocial,mediahasbecometonewsorganisations,andisaclearsignofhowtheworldofnewsischanging—andhasbeenforawhile.

　　WhenGoogleNewsbeganin2002,manysawitasthedeathofthenewspaper.Ithadnohumaneditor.InsteadGoogleused,andstilluses,asecretcomputerprogramthatselectsanddisplaysnewsstoriesaccordingtothereader’spersonalinterests.Morerecently,AssociatedPressandYahoo!

havebeenpunishingcomputer-writtenarticles.Bothusespecialsoftwaretoautomaticallyproducestoriesaboutcompanyfinancialresultsandsportsreports—areaswherethequalityofwritingisfelttobeofsecondaryimportancetotheaccuracyofthedata.

　　Shouldwebeworriedaboutsuchdevelopments?

Ithinkweshould.Oneconcernisthatfacebook,Googleandothersocialmediawebsitesseejournalismasasideline,awayofputtingpeopleinfrontofadvertisements.Itisn’ttheirprima

　　ryfunction—soifitstopsmakingthemlotsofmoney,they’relikelytostopdoingit.

　　There’salsoaconcernthatcomputer-writtenarticlesarenotactuallyjournalismatall,becausewhatahumannewsteamproducesisactuallyquitecomplex.Awell-writtennewsstoryputsinformationincontext,offersavoicetoeachsideofanargumentandbringsthepublicnewknowledge.

　　Thougheconomicsandspeedofdeliverymeanreaderswillprobablychooseacomputer-writtenstoryoveracarefullyshapedarticle—atleastfordailynews—Idon’tthinkthecomputerswillbewritinganyin-deptharticlesforawhileyet.

　　12.Whatisthemainpurposeofthearticle?

　　A.ToreportonanewcomputerserviceofferedbyFacebook..

　　B.Toadvisereadersagainstreadingcomputer-writtennews.

　　C.Toexpressconcernaboutrecenttrendsinonlinenews.

　　D.Todescribetheprocessofonlinenewsreporting.

　　13.Computer-writtennewsreportshavesofarfocusedonsportsandfinanceb

　　ecause________.

　　A.thesearethemostpopulartopicsforonlinereaders

　　B.therearefewerjournalistsspecialisingintheseareas

　　C.informationonthesetopicsismoreeasilyavailable

　　D.writingstyleislessimportantthanaccuracyintheseareas

　　14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“It”inParagraph3referto?

　　A.Journalism.B.Advertising.C.Facebook.D.Business.

　　15.InParagraph4,whichofthefollowingismentionedasacharacteristicofawell-writtennewsarticle?

　　A.Theinformationpresentedisup-to-date.B.Theauthor’sopinionisclear.

　　C.Differentviewsonthetopicarepresented.D.Thelanguageusedisvivid.

　　CDAC

　　Vacationsarei