在职硕士英语阅读理解练习和答案四.docx

在职硕士英语阅读理解练习和答案四.docx

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在职硕士英语阅读理解练习和答案四

在职硕士英语阅读理解练习和答案四

Forthepersonkeepingajournal,whateverheexperiencesandwantstoholdhecanwritedown.Buttogetitdownonpaperbeginsanotheradventure.Forhehastofocusonwhathehasexperienced,andtobeabletosaywhat,infact,theexperienceis.Whatofitisnew?

Whatofitisremarkablebecauseofassociationsinthememoryitstirsup?

Isitagoodorbadthingtohavehappened?

Andwhy,specifically?

Thequestionsmultiplythemselvesquickly.Asonetriestofindthewordsthatbestrepresentthisdiscovery,theexperiencebecomesevenmoreclearinitsshapeandmeaning.

Beyondthevalueofthejournalasrecord,thereisthevalueofthedisciplineitteaches.Thejournalistbeginstopaycloserattentiontowhathappenstoandaroundhimself.Hedevelopsandsharpenshisskillsofobservation.Helearnstheusefulnessoflanguagesasameansofrepresentingwhathesees,andgainsskillandcertaintyintheexpressionofhisexperiences.Tohavegivenupone’sexperiencetowordsistohavebegunmarkingoutthelimitsandpotentialofitsmeaning.Inthejournalthatmeaningisdevelopedandclarifiedtooneself.Whentheintentionofthedevelopmentofthatmeaningistheconsiderationofanotherreader,themethodofthejournalredirectsitselfanditbecomestheessay.

1.Theauthorthinksofkeepingajournalas_____.

[A]anassociation

[B]anadventure

[C]adiscovery

[D]anobservation

2.Accordingtotheauthor,keepingajournalisgoodfor_____.

[A]observationandexpression

[B]certainlyanddiscipline

[C]experienceandadventure

[D]considerationanddevelopment

3.Bykeepingajournal,onecan_____.

[A]developtheusefulnessoflanguage

[B]develophismemory

[C]charifytheconsiderationtoeveryone

[D]haveathoroughunderstandingofhisexperience

4.Accordingtothewriter,whichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTcorrect?

[A]Thejournalistcanexpresswhathashappened.

[B]Ajournalcanserveasarecordofthepasthappening.

[C]Thejournalistmustbeabletoobserveclosely.

[D]Writinghelpsdeveloptheconsiderationofothers.

5.Thepassageismainlyabout_____.

[A]howtowriteajournal

[B]theexpressionsofajournal

[C]thevaluesofkeepingajournal

[D]howtosolvetheproblemsinajournal

参考答案：

BADDC

　TherewereseveralreasonswhytheIndustrialRevolutionstartedinGreatBritainratherthaninFrance,theothergreatpowersoftheday.Inthefirstplace,Britainhadthemoneynecessarytofinancethelargerenterprises.England’ssupremacyontheseashadencouragedcommerce,andEnglishmenhadbeenamassingwealththroughtherecommerceandindustry.Thenewlyrichclassinthatcountrywerenotthearistocraticgroup,butmerchantsandbusinessmenwhowerewillingtodevotethemselvestoindustryandscientificagriculture.ThewealthofFrance,ontheotherhand,waslargelyinthehandsofthenobility,andtheywerenotwillingtodothenecessaryworktodevelopindustry.Inthesecondplace,GreatBritainhadundertakenveryearlythemanufacturingofinexpensiveandmorepracticalproductsforwhichtherewouldbeever-growingdemandfromthepeople,especiallythenewmiddleclass.Ontheotherhard,Franceproducedarticlesintheluxuryclass.Thesecouldneverbeturnedoutinquantitiesbecausetheydemandedindividuality.Englandwastheproducerofgoodsthatwereproducedinquantities,andifshecouldfindacheapermeansofproducingthem,hermarketswouldgrow.Soshewasreadyformethodsthatwouldmakeitpossibletomanufactureinlargequantities.Inthethirdplace,foralongtimeEnglandhadlargenumbersofsemiskilledworkers.WhenthefeudalsystembrokedowninEnglandandthemanorswereturnedtosheepraising,numbersofEnglishmenwenttothetowns.Theretheyengagedinweaving,makingshows,woodcarvingandmanyotheroccupationsthatdevelopedskills.Whentheindustrialrevolutionbegan,thesemenwereavailablefortheworkonthenewmachines.Moreovertheywerefreemenwhocouldmovefromplacetoplaceastheneedforworkersarose.ThishadnotbeenthecaseinFrance,whichwasstillchieflyanagriculturalcountrywithpeasantsboundtotheirmastersinmanywayssotheycouldnoteasilymovetothecities.Inthefourthplace,coalwasabundantinGreatBritain,andalargeamountofthischeapfuelwasnecessaryforruingthefactories.TherewascoalinnorthernFrance,too,butFrancewaslateintappingsuchresourcesbecausereallyeveryonedependeddirectlyorindirectlyonfarmingforhisliving.

1.Britainhadthemoneynecessarytodevelopindustrybecause_____.

[A]BritainwasmuchwealthierthanFranceatthattime

[B]Britaingovernmentencouragedthedevelopmentofindustry

[C]Themerchantsandbusinessmenwerewillingtofianceetheindustry

[D]Thearistocraticgroupwaswillingtodeveloptheindustry

2.Accordingtothepassage,Frenchpeopleattachedimportanceto_____.

[A]thequantitiesofthearticles

[B]theindividualityofthearticles

[C]thepracticalityofthearticles

[D]thepriceofthearticles

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

[A]ThewealthofFrancewaslargelyinthehandsofnewmiddleclass.

[B]Frenchpeoplewereboundtothenewmachines.

[C]Francewasmorelikelytoproducegoodsinqualities.

[D]Francecouldnotgetfreeworkersnecessarytotheindustry.

4.Whentheindustrialrevolutionbegan,Englishmen_____.

[A]werebusyamassingwealththroughcommerceandindustry

[B]hadfoundacheapermeansofproducinggoodsneededinqualities

[C]dependedonfarmingfortheirliving

[D]couldmovefromplaetoplaceastheneedforworkersarose

5.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

[A]Thedemandforluxurygoodswaslimited.

[B]IndustrialRevolutionwastheresultoftheinteractionofvariousfactors.

[C]Frenchpeoplefarmingtoindustryandcommerce.

[D]Coalwasveryimportanttopeople’slife.

参考答案：

CBDDB

　Howmenfirstlearnttoinventwordsisunknown;inotherwords,theoriginoflanguageisamystery.Allwereallyknownisthatmen,unlikeanimals,somehowinventedcertainsoundstoexpressthoughtsandfeelings,actions,andthings,sothattheycouldcommunicatewitheachother;andthatlatertheyagreeduponcertainsigns,calledletters,whichcouldbecombinedtorepresentthosesounds,andwhichcouldbewrittendown,thesesounds,whetherspoken,orwritteninletterswecallwords.

Thepowerofwords,then,liesintheirassociations-thethingstheybringupbeforeourminds,Wordsbecomefilledwithmeaningforusbyexperience;andthelongerwelive,themorecertainwordsrecalltousthegladandsadeventsofourpast;andthemorewereadandlearn,themorethenumberofwordsthatmeansomethingtousincreases.Greatwritersarethosewhonotonlyhavegreatthoughtsbutalsoexpressthesethoughtsinwordswhichappealpowerfullytoourmindsandemotions.Thischarmingandtellinguseofwordsiswhatwecallliterarystyle（文体）.Aboveall,therealpoetisamasterofwords.Hecanconveyhismeaninginwordswhichsinglikemusic,andwhichbytheirpositionandassociationcanmovementotears.Weshouldthereforelearntochooseourwordscarefullyandusethemaccurately,ortheywillmakeourspeechsillyandvulgar（粗俗的）.

1.Whichistrueaboutoriginoflanguage?

[A]Men,aswellasanimals,inventedcertainsoundstoexpressthoughts.

[B]Theoriginoflanguageisacomplicatedquestion.

[C]Wordsdidnothavewrittenform,atfirst.

[D]Wordswereinventedtorepresentmeanings.

2.Thepowerofwordsliesin_____.

[A]thefactthatitcanassociatethethingsintheworldwiththeideasinourmind

[B]thefactthatonewordisconnectedwithanother

[C]thefactthatitcanassociateonepersonwithanother

[D]thefactthatitcanrecalltoustheeventsofourpast

3.Inordernottomakeourspeechsillyandvulgar,weshould_____.

[A]usewordsthatcanmovementotears

[B]choosewordswithcareandaccuracy

[C]becomeamasterofwords

[D]usewordswhichsinglikemusic

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTTRUE?

[A]Themorewereadandlearn,thelargerourvocabularywillbe.

[B]Thelongerwelive,thenumberofwordsthatmeansomethingtousincreases.

[C]Wordscanbeusedtorepresentvariousmeanings.

[D]Literarystyleausuallyverycharming.

5.Thebesttitleforthispassagewouldbe_____.

[A]Themeaningofwords

[B]Thecharacteristicsofwords

[C]Theoriginofwords

[D]Thepowerofwords

参考答案：

CABBD

　InSwitzerland,sixmileswestofGeneva,liesacollectionoflaboratoriesandbuildings,andmostcuriousofall,acircularmoundofearthmorethan650feetindiameter.Thisclusterhasuniqueimportance.ItisEurope’soneandonlyatomiccitydedicatedtoinvestigatingtheatomforpeacefulpurposes.ThestrangebuildingsbelongtotheEuropeanCouncilforNuclearResearch,morepopularlyknown,fromitsFrenchinitials,asCERN.ThecouncilwasbornwhenahandfulofstatesmanandscientificexpertsmetinParisin1950.Theiraimwasto“establishanorganizationprovidingforcollaborationamongEuropeanstatesinnuclearresearchofapurescientificandfundamentalcharacter”.TheCERNagreementwassignedin1953,andworkontheatomiccitybeganin1954.TodayCERN’sfacilitiesareamongthemostmodernandthemostdiversifiedonesintheworld.Impressiveasthescientificaspectmaybe,therealsignificanceofCERNmayliewiththethousandpeople---thescientists,labworkers,andadministrativecrewdrawnfromthefourteenmembernations---whopopulateit.BritishengineersworksidebysidewithSwisselectricians,Yugoslavnuclearp