新编大学英语第二册Unit5Dreams.docx

新编大学英语第二册Unit5Dreams.docx

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新编大学英语第二册Unit5Dreams

UnitFiveDreams

TeachingObjectives

1.Beawareofdifferentunderstandingaboutdreams;

2.Acquiretheawarenessofsomepsychologists’explanationaboutdreams;

3.Someimportantnewwordsandphrasesshouldbemastered;

4.Listeningpracticeandskilltraining.

Teachingallotment

Sixacademichours.

FocusPoints

1.Keywords,phrases&usages:

Analysis,ancient,conscious,frustrating,impulse,predict,recur,cancel,crack,impact,spot,tremble,upset,depressed,disturbing,neutral,relieve,vision,dreamup,workthrough,calloff,runinto.

2.difficultsentences:

1.Istheresuchathingasadreaminwhichtheeventsseenbythedreamercometrue?

Paraphrase:

Istheresuchathingasadream,inthedreamtheeventswhichareseenbythedreamerhappenjustasonedreamed?

2.Scientificadvancesinthepastfewdecadeshaverevealedmoreaboutthephysicalprocessofsleep,buttheystilldon’tofferanyfinalanswerstothemanyquestionsaboutdreamsthatcontinuetopuzzleus.

3.Everyonedreams—it’sjustthatsomeofuscan’trememberdoingso.

4.Dreamingofwalkingonhotcoals,forexample,maywellbecausedbysleepingwithyourfeettooclosetoaheater.

ClassActivity

I.RelatedInformation:

Howmuchdoweknowaboutdream?

Wemayknowwhendreamsoccur,weknowtheycanbeeither“gooddreams”or“baddreams”,butthereisstillmuchdisagreementaboutwhatsignificancedreamhavetoourlifewhileweareawake.

Theinterpretationofdreamshadbeenafavoriteactivityofpeopleforaslongaswehavehadrecordedhistory.Someofthesedreaminterpreters,liketheEuropeanpsychologistSigmundFreud,feltthatalldreamshavemeaningswhichrelatetoourpersonalrelationshipswithfamilymembersandfriends.Freudfeltthatmanydreamshavesexualmeanings,butotherdreamexpertsrejectthisidea.

Gooddreamsincludethoseinwhichweseeourselvessucceedinginsomedifficultorpleasantactivitysuchassinging,dancing,talkingwithourfriends,orexperiencingthehappinesswhichmaynotoccurinourwakinghours.Manypersonsreportdreamsofcompetinginathleticcompetitionsormusiccompetitions,orofactinginadramaticproduction.Whoamongushasnotdreamedofspendingpleasanthourswithourrealorimaginarylove,enjoyinghisorhercompanyinwaysknownonlytothosewhohaveloved?

Manypersonsreportdreamingofflying,jumpinggreatdistancesorheights,ordefeatingenemiesinbattle.Interpretersofsuchdreamsgivevariedmeanings,mostofwhichareprobablynotveryreliable.But,weoftenawakefromgooddreamsinagoodmood,restedandreadytofacetheday.

Badorunpleasantdreamsincludethosewhichfrightenus,recallunpleasantexperiencesfromourlives,orpresentproblemsforwhichthereisnoevidentsolution.Dreamsoffailinganexamatschool,dreamsoflosingajoboragoodfriend,dreamsofaccidentsordeathofalovedoneinourfamily,etcareunsettlingandnoteasilyunderstood.Somedreamexpertsbelievethesedreamsarenowathreateningwaytofaceaproblemfromreallife.Theygiveusawaytodealwiththeproblemsothatwemayfinditlessstressfulinourwakinghours.

Inasense,progresswouldnotoccurinlifeifitwerenotforthedreamsofthosewhoareresponsibleforsolvingproblemsinoursociety.Inventors,musicians,andmanyotherssaythattheyfirstdreamedofanidea,andthenstartedplanswhichfulfilledtheirdreamsandmadethemareality.

Whatevertheirsignificance,dreamsareimportanteventstothedreamer,andinterestinthemwillcontinueaslongaslifecontinues.

InformationAboutSigmundFreudandCarlJung:

1）SigmundFreud（1856—1930）:

AnAustriandoctorwhodevelopedanewsystemforunderstandingthewaythatpeople’smindswork,andanewwayoftreatingmentalillnesscalledthepsychoanalysis.Hebelievedthatthebadexperiencesthatpeoplehaveaschildrencanaffecttheirmentalhealthasadults,andthatbytalkingtomentallyillpeopleabouttheirpastlifeandfeelings,thehiddencausesoftheirillnesscanbefound.HewroteTheInterpretationofDreamsandTheEgoandtheId.Hisideas,especiallyabouttheimportanceofsex,hadaverygreatinfluenceonthewaythatpeoplethoughtinthe20thcentury.

2）CarlJung（1874—1961）:

ASwisspsychiatristwhostudiedtheimportanceofdreamsandreligioninproblemsofthemind,anddividedpeopleintotwogroups,introvertsandextroverts.Jungdevelopedtheideaofthecollectiveunconscious,thebeliefthatpeople’sfeelingsandreactionsareoftenbasedondeepmemoriesofhumanexperienceinthepast.HeworkedwithSigmundFreuduntiltheyhadaseriousdisagreement.

I.SuggestedClassActivities:

1.Warming-upactivity:

yourunderstandingaboutdream

Step1Dividetheclassintoseveralgroups.Letthestudentstalkabouttheadvantagesdreamandgivesomeexamplesforexplanation.

Step2Letthestudentstalkaboutthedisadvantagesofdream,andgivesomeexamplesforexplanation.

Step3Theteachersummarizesandgiveacomprehensiveknowledgeofthedreamfromvariousperspectives,especiallytheperspectiveofpsychology.

2.In-classreadingactivity:

theinterpretationofdream

Purpose:

Makethestudentsknowmoreaboutdream.

Step1Sometimeswehavegooddreams.Askthestudentstheirinterpretationsofgooddreams.

Step2Sometimeswehavebadorunpleasantdreams.Askthestudentstheirinterpretationsofbaddreams.

Step3Askthestudentstheirunderstandingoftherelationshipbetweendreamandreality

II.Furtherdevelopment:

Doesdreampredict?

Step1Doyoubelievethatsomedreamspredictsomething?

Haveyouevergonetodosthoravoideddoingsthjustbecauseofadream?

Step2Theteachercantelltheclassastorywhichissimilartothestoriesintheafter-classreadingpassages.

In-ClassReading

Wordsandphrases

1.analysis:

studyofsthbyexaminingitspartsandtheirrelationshipspl,analyses

e.g.TextualanalysisidentifiedtheauthorasShakespeare.

Idm:

inthelast/finalanalysis:

afteralldueconsideration总之，归根结底

e.g.Inthefinalanalysis,Ithinkoursympathylieswiththeheroineoftheplay.

n,analyst:

thepersonskilledinmakinganalyses

v,analyze（usanalyse）:

1）separatesthintoitspartsinordertostudyitsnatureorstructure

e.gByanalyzingthepartsofthesentencewelearnmoreaboutEnglishgrammar.

2）examineandexplain

e.g.Wemusttrytoanalyzethecausesofthestrike.

Exercises:

1>.总之，我们主张会议延迟。

（Inthefinalanalysis,wemaintainedthatthemeetingbepostponed.）

2>.It’simportanttoanalyzethesampleandidentifyit.

（对样本进行分析鉴定很重要.）

2.ancient:

1）belongingtotimeslongpast

e.gancientChinesecivilization

2）（常作戏谑语）veryold

e.gIfeelprettyancientwhenIseehowtheyoungergenerationbehaves.

Compared:

old,1）Ithasthewidestuseandcanbeappliedtopeople,animalsandthingsthathavelivedorexistedforalongtime.

e.g.anoldwoman/dog/church

2）Itmaydescribeapersonwhohasbeenknownforalongtimebutisnotnecessarilyoldinyears.

e.g.anoldfriend

3）formerorprevious

e.gIwasmuchhappierinmyoldjob.

4）notnew

anoldbicycle

aged,Itismoreformalthanoldandisusedofveryoldpeople

elderly,Ifonewantstobepoliteandrespectful,onecandescribeoldpeopleaselderly.

ancientandantiqueareusuallyonlyappliedtothings.

Antiquedescribesanobjectwhichhassurvivedfromthepastandisthereforevaluabletoday.

e.gantiquefurniture

Exercises:

1>.Goldwasusedascurrencyin____China.（C）

A.oldB.antiqueC.ancientD.aged

2>.在路的尽头有一家古玩店。

（Attheendofthestreetisanantiqueshop.）

3.frustrating:

adj,annoying,discouraging

e.g.IfinditfrustratingthatIcan’tspeakotherlanguages.

frustrated:

adj,1）表语discouraged

e.g.Asanurseshegotveryfrustrated,butbeinganadministratorseemstosuither.

2）定语unabletobesuccessfulinone’schosencareer

e.g.Filmdirectorsaresometimesfrustratedactors.

frustrate:

v,1）preventfromdoing

e.gHisplanwasfrustratedbybadweather.

2）upsetordiscourage

e.g.Hiswordsfrustratedherdeeply.

Exercises:

1>.玛丽因工作得不到赏识而灰心丧气。

（Marywasfrustratedbythelackofappreciationinherwork.）

2>.Itisfrustratedthatwehavenoaccesstothesociety.（改错）

4.impulse:

1）suddenurgetoactwithoutthinkingabouttheresults

e.g.Hefeltanirresistibleimpulsetojumpdown.

2）push,stimulus

e.g.Thedevelopmentofeconomygivesanimpulsetoindustrialexpansion.

Idm,onimpulse:

suddenlyandwithoutpreviousthinking一时冲动

e.g.Onimpulse,IpickedupthephoneandrangmysisterinAustraliar.

impulsive:

adj,凭冲动的；易冲动的

e.g.It’sanimpulsivecomment.

Exercises;

1>.他是个易冲动的人，请多包容。

（Sinceheisamanofimpulse,pleasebetolerantofhim.）

2>.Idrovetotheseasideandcaughtthewindonimpulse.

（我一时心血来潮，开车到海边兜风。

）

5.instantly:

adv,1）immediately

e.g.Iinstantlyrecognizedmyoldfriendinthecrowd.

2）assoonas

e.gTellmeinstantlyhearrives.

Instant:

adj,立即的，紧急的

e.ginstantcoffee;ininstantneedofhelp

Exercises:

1）IrecognizedhertheinstantIsawher.（同义转换）

2）说完这些话，他立刻就走了。

（Withthesewords,heleftinstantly.）

6.predict:

v,forecast;sayinadvancethatsthwillhappen

e.gItisimpossibletopredictwhowillwin.

predictable:

adj,thatcanbepredicted

e.gpredictableweather

prediction:

n,predicting,forecast

e.g.Doyoutakeseriouslyhispredictionofthegovernmentdefeat?

Exercises:

1>.他预测情况将继续好转。

（Hepredictedthattheimprovementwouldcontinue.）

2>.Iknewyou’dsaythat—you’resopredictable!

（我早就知道你会这么说——果不其然。

）

7.recur:

v,happen/occuragain（recurred,recurring）

e.g.Thesymptomstendtorecur.

Phr,recurtosb/sth:

（fml）comebackintoth