新高考英语必备 精校word版素养提升模拟练 六.docx
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新高考英语必备精校word版素养提升模拟练六
高考英语必备---素养提升模拟练六
科技发明
2017年全国卷Ⅱ阅读理解C篇介绍一款新发明的飞车,并说明了它的现状与未来的发展前景,培养考生爱科学、学科学、用科学的意识,学习先进的科学技术和成果,运用科学的思维方式认识事物、解决问题、规范行为等。
(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)
TerrafugiaInc.saidMondaythatitsnewflyingcarhascompleteditsfirstflight,bringingthecompanyclosertoitsgoalofsellingtheflyingcarwithinthenextyear.Thevehicle—namedtheTransition—hastwoseats,fourwheelsandwingsthatfoldupsoitcanbedrivenlikeacar.TheTransition,whichflewat1,400feetforeightminuteslastmonth,canreacharound70milesperhourontheroadand115intheair.Itfliesusinga23-gallontankofgasandburns5gallonsperhourintheair.Ontheground,itgets35milespergallon.
Around100peoplehavealreadyputdowna$10,000deposittogetaTransitionwhentheygoonsale,andthosenumberswilllikelyriseafterTerrafugiaintroducestheTransitiontothepubliclaterthisweekattheNewYorkAutoShow.Butdon’texpectittoshowupintoomanydriveways.It’sexpectedtocost$279,000.Anditwon’thelpifyou’restuckintraffic.Thecarneedsarunway.
Inventorshavebeentryingtomakeflyingcarssincethe1930s,accordingtoRobertMann,anairlineindustryexpert.ButMannthinksTerrafugiahascomecloserthananyonetomakingtheflyingcarareality.Thegovernmenthasalreadypermittedthecompanytousespecialmaterialstomakeiteasierforthevehicletofly.TheTransitionisnowgoingthroughcrashteststomakesureitmeetsfederalsafetystandards.
MannsaidTerrafugiawashelpedbytheFederalAviationAdministration’sdecisionfiveyearsagotocreateaseparatesetofstandardsforlightsportaircraft,whicharelowerthanthoseforpilotsoflargerplanes.Terrafugiasaysanownerwouldneedtopassatestandcomplete20hoursofflyingtimetobeabletoflytheTransition,arequirementpilotswouldfindrelativelyeasytomeet.
【文章大意】本文介绍了一款新发明的飞车,并说明了它的现状与未来的发展前景。
1.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?
A.ThebasicdataoftheTransition.
B.Theadvantagesofflyingcars.
C.Thepotentialmarketforflyingcars.
D.ThedesignersoftheTransition.
【解析】选A。
主旨大意题。
第一段告诉我们Terrafugia声称它研制的飞车试飞成功,飞车的名字为theTransition。
所以第一段主要介绍了theTransition的情况。
故选A。
2.WhyistheTransitionunlikelytoshowupintoomanydriveways?
A.Itcausestrafficjams.
B.Itisdifficulttooperate.
C.Itisveryexpensive.
D.Itburnstoomuchfuel.
【解析】选C。
细节理解题。
根据第二段的Butdon’texpectittoshowupintoomanydriveways.It’sexpectedtocost$279,000.Anditwon’thelpifyou’restuckintraffic.Thecarneedsarunway.可知,这款飞车的造价很高,它需要一个跑道,如果它遇到交通堵塞也飞不起来。
由此可知C项更符合。
3.Whatisthegovernment’sattitudetothedevelopmentoftheflyingcar?
A.Cautious. B.Favorable.
C.Ambiguous.D.Disapproving.
【解析】选B。
观点态度题。
根据第三段的Thegovernmenthasalreadypermittedthecompanytousespecialmaterialstomakeiteasierforthevehicletofly.可知,政府对研制飞车持支持的态度。
A.谨慎的;B.支持的;C.模棱两可的;D.反对的。
故选B。
4.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?
A.FlyingCaratAutoShow
B.TheTransition’sFirstFlight
C.Pilots’DreamComingTrue
D.FlyingCarClosertoReality
【解析】选D。
主旨大意题。
飞车试飞成功,已经有大约100人预订了飞车,飞车即将成为现实。
故选D。
1.通读文章,用英语写出各段落的大意
2.难句剖析
Terrafugiasaysanownerwouldneedtopassatestandcomplete20hoursofflyingtimetobeabletoflytheTransition,arequirementpilotswouldfindrelativelyeasytomeet.
分析:
主语是Terrafugia,谓语是says,anownerwouldneedtopassatestandcomplete20hoursofflyingtimetobeabletoflytheTransition是宾语从句。
arequirement是对前面宾语从句的补充说明,其后面是定语从句。
翻译:
答案:
2.Terrafugia声称飞车的主人将需要通过一个测试,并且要完成20小时的飞行才能驾驶theTransition,这个要求是飞行员发现相对容易达到的。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
EarlyexcitementaboutthenextgenerationoftheiPhoneisbuildingmonthsaheadofanexpectedautumndebut(问世)—AnalystsexpectAppletoreleasethreeiPhonesthisyear,buttheonegettingthemostattentionisarumoredsuper-premiummodeltocelebratetheiPhone’stenthanniversary.And,forthatphone,AppleisexpectedtochangethetypeofscreentheiPhoneuses.
Here’saquicklookatwhatyouneedtoknowaboutwhatitmeansifAppleswitchesfromitscurrentliquidcrystaldisplay(LCD)screenstoatypeoforganiclight-emittingdiode(OLED)screencalledAMOLED.
TheessentialdifferencebetweenanLCDscreenandanAMOLEDoneisthepresenceofabacklight.Thankstothatdifference,AMOLEDscreenscanbeverythin,whichmeansyoucanmakethinnerproducts.TheyalsoprovidemorevividcolorswhichisareasonthattelevisionmakershavebeenpushingOLEDinitsvariousformsfortheirbigscreens.AMOLEDscreens,inparticular,boast(夸口)evengreatercontrolovereachindividualpixel(像素)whichmeansbettercontrastfortheviewer.Thesescreenscanalsoimprovebatterylifebecausethere’snobacklight!
AMOLEDscreenscanbemoreenergy-efficientwhentheuserisviewingdarkersubjects,allowingthephonetoshutoffpixelsandstopdrawingpower.
Sowhyhasn’tAppleswitchedtoAMOLEDyet?
Afterall,ApplecompetitorssuchasSamsungandLGalreadyhavethesescreensontheirsmartphones.
AMOLEDscreensarenotcheaptoproduce.It’salsonotsoeasytomakethecomplexAMOLEDscreens,whichcouldexplainwhymostApplefansexpectthatonlythehighest-endphonewillhavethenewscreen.
Andthenthere’sthecost.TheswitchtoAMOLEDhasalsobeencitedasareasonthatthepriceofthehigh-endiPhonemayjumpabovethe$1,000.Beauty,eveninamass-producedworld,doesnotcomecheap.Still,theexpensemaybeworthit,especiallyaspeopleshootmorephotosandvideos.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。
分析家预计,苹果今年将推三款新手机,但最受关注的是传闻的超级高端机型,以庆祝iPhone十周年。
本文主要介绍了这款超级高端机型将使用的屏幕与以往的LED屏幕的不同之处及其优点。
1.Accordingtothepassage,whenwilltheiPhone’stenthanniversarymostprobablybeheld?
A.InJune.B.InMarch.
C.InNovember.D.InJanuary.
【解析】选C。
推理判断题。
根据第一段中的anexpectedautumndebut和tocelebratetheiPhone’stenthanniversary可以推断,iPhone的十周年纪念日是在秋天,故选C。
2.AccordingtomostApplefans,AMOLEDscreenswillonlybeusedon________thisyear.
A.thecheapestiPhones
B.themostmassiveiPhones
C.thehighestiPhones
D.themostexpensiveiPhones
【解析】选D。
细节理解题。
根据第五段中的whichcouldexplainwhymostApplefansexpectthatonlythehighest-endphonewillhavethenewscreen.可知,苹果粉丝希望这种新型屏只用在最高端的机型上,由常识可知最高端的机型通常也是最贵的。
故选D。
3.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceindicate?
A.Itisveryexpensivetobecomebeautiful.
B.Everythinghasaprice.
C.Themoreyoupay,themorebeautifulyouwillbecome.
D.Practicemore,andyouwillbecomebetter.
【解析】选B。
句意理解题。
此处不单纯指美丽与价格的关系,更有可能是指先进,功能强大等词,因此不能把理解固化为美丽与价格,B项任何事情都需付出代价,符合题意。
4.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardstheexpectediPhone?
A.Negative.
B.Critical.
C.Positive.
D.Uninterested.
【解析】选C。
作者态度题。
根据文章最后一段内容可知,作者认为尽管这款超高端机的费用非常高,但是用户能得到更好的拍照和摄像体验,因此是值得的。
由此可以看出,作者对于这款iPhone持积极态度。
故选C。
Ⅱ.阅读填句
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
选项中有两项为多余选项。
HowtoSurviveandThrive
Herearesometipstohelpyoulearnnotonlytosurvive,buttothriveandgrowinachaoticworld.
Trytobuildonstrengthsratherthanfocusonweaknesses.
1 Maybeyou’llbecomeanautomechanic,ormaybeyou’llmakegooduseofyourabilitytoclassifydetailedinformationtobuildacareerasbiologistordruggist.
Realizethatfewmistakesaredisastrous.
Didyoufailacourse?
2 Mostofuscan’tavoidanoccasionalfailure,butwecanlearnbounce-backattitudesthroughfailures.
3
Cecelia,ashytwelve-year-oldgirl,becamelivelierwhenshewontheleadinaschoolplay.“Wewantyoutoimproveyourgrades,notspendtimeonplays!
”saidherworriedmother. 4 Andshemadenewfriendswiththegoodkids,whowerealsoachievers.Mostimportantly,nomatterwhathappens,Ceceliacanreturntothatfeelingofsuccesswhenevershegetsdiscouraged.
Gettingintoatopuniversityoranyuniversitywillnotguaranteesuccess.
Ihavemethighschooldrop-outswhobecameverysuccessful.
5 Career-changerswhofacethefuturewithanattitudeofIcanhandleanything,aretheoneswhowintoday.Whileindifficulties,theykeepuptheirspiritstilltheyfigureoutwhattodonext.
A.Havenoideaaboutyourfutureplan?
B.Facerejectionfromafirst-classcollege?
C.Lifeishardatthemoment,butwe’resurviving.
D.Trytoexperiencesuccessinanyareaofyourlife.
E.Toeveryone’ssurprise,Cecelia’sgradesimproved.
F.Doyouspendhoursstudyingmodelsofcarsforthelasttwentyyears?
G.I’vemetpeoplefromtopuniversitieswhoexperiencedunemploymentandevenhomelessness.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。
文章主要就如何在当今的世界中生存并取得成就给出了几点建议。
1.【解析】选F。
根据空后的Maybeyou’llbecomeanautomechanic可知本空内容与汽车相关,结合本段小标题中的“Trytobuildonstrengths”可知只有F项符合语境。
2.【解析】选B。
根据空前的Didyoufailacourse?
可知,这里应是说类似的失败。
故B项符合语境。
3.【解析】选D。
本段讲述Cecelia不但在学校的话剧比赛中获胜,而且在学习上也取得了很大的进步。
由此可以看出,本段是建议我们尝试在生活的各个领域都经历成功。
4.【解析】选E。
本段涉及的主人公为Cecelia,上句提到母亲想让她提高学习成绩,所以此处承接上文,故E项“令人惊讶的是,她的成绩提高了”符合语境。
5.【解析】选G。
根据本段小标题可知,本段讲述进入顶级大学或任何一所大学都不能保证会获得成功。
空前的Ihavemethighschooldrop-outswhobecameverysuccessful.接下来应该举的是另一个与之相反的例子。
故选G。
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