七年级英语下册阅读理解知识点总结及经典习题含答案.docx
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七年级英语下册阅读理解知识点总结及经典习题含答案
七年级英语下册阅读理解知识点总结及经典习题（含答案）
一、七年级英语下册阅读理解专项目练习（含答案解析）
1．根据材料内容，选择正确答案。
B
TWOEnglishphrasesshowwhatpeoplethinkaboutmiceandrats:
"Asquietasamouse",and"adirtyrat".
Peoplethinkratsaredirtybecausetheyliveinsewers（下水道）andotheruncleanplaces.Theyalsocarrydiseases（疾病）.Havingaratinyourhouseisbadnews.Theysmellterribleandmakealotofnoise.
Callingsomeonea"rat"inEnglishmeanstheyarenottobetrusted（信任）.Saying"Rats!
"isalsoawaytoshowthatyouareangry.
Mice,ontheotherhand,areseenasquietandcute.Theyliveinfieldsandasunwelcomeguestsinpeople'shouses.Theyaresmallandoftenkeptaspets.WaltDisney'sfamouscharacterMickeyMousehelpedmakethemlovabletochildren.Jerry,fromtheTomandJerrycartoons,issmartandnaughty.Itmakeseveryonehappy.
Ratsandmicearebothclassedasrodents（啮齿类）.Butpeoplethinkaboutthemindifferentways!
（1）Whydopeoplethinkratsaredirty?
Becausethey .
A. liveinuncleanplaces
B. carrydiseases
C. smellterribleandmakenoise
D. A,B&C
（2）Whenpeoplecallyoua"rat",thatmeans .
A. Peoplelikeyou.
B. Peopledon'ttrustyou.
C. Youareverypopular. D. Alltheabovearewrong.
（3）Accordingtothepassage,whichisTRUE?
A. Peoplethinkmiceandratsarethesame.
B. Peopledon'tlikethemouseJerryintheTomandJerrycartoonsbecauseit'sverydirty.
C. Peopleoftenkeepratsaspets.
D. MickeyMouseisverylovableandpopulartochildren.
【答案】
（1）D
（2）B
（3）D
【解析】【分析】1.文章第二，三行Peoplethinkratsaredirtybecausetheyliveinsewers（下水道）andotheruncleanplaces.“人们认为老鼠脏的原因是，因为生活在下水道和其他一些很脏的地方”。
Theyalsocarrydiseases（疾病）.“它们也会带来疾病”。
Theysmellterribleandmakealotofnoise.“它们闻起来很臭，并且会制造很多噪音”。
故选D。
2.文章第四行Callingsomeonea"rat"inEnglishmeanstheyarenottobetrusted（信任）.“用英语rat叫某人时，意思是他们不被信任”。
故选B。
3.文章最后Ratsandmicearebothclassedasrodents（啮齿类）.“Rats和mice都被列为啮齿类”。
Butpeoplethinkaboutthemindifferentways“但是人们用不同的方式思考它们”。
故排除A。
文章倒数第二行Jerry,fromtheTomandJerrycartoons,issmartandnaughty.Itmakeseveryonehappy.“来自《猫和老鼠》这部卡通中的老鼠，它很聪明淘气，使得每个人都很开心”，可判断出人们是很喜欢《猫和老鼠》这部卡通中的老鼠的。
故排除B。
从倒数第四行Mice,ontheotherhand,areseenasquietandcute.“mice，从另一方面说，被视为安静和可爱的”。
Theyaresmallandoftenkeptaspets“他们很小，经常被当做宠物”。
故排除C。
故选D。
【点评】文章细节理解。
2．阅读理解
WhenyouareinEngland,youmustbeverycarefulinthestreetsbecausethetrafficgoesontheleft.Beforeyoucrossthestreet,youmustlooktotherightfirstandthentheleft.
Ifthetrafficlightsarered,thetrafficmuststop.Thenthepeopleonfootcancrosstheroad.
Ifthelightsaregreen,thetrafficcangoandpeopleonfootmustn'tcross.
Inthemorningandintheeveningwhenpeoplegotoorcomebackfromwork,thestreetsareverybusy.Thetrafficisthemostdangerousthen.
WhenyougobybusinEngland,youhavetobecareful,too.Youmustalwaysrememberthetrafficmovesontheleft.Soyoumustbecareful.Havealookfirstoryou'llgothewrongway.
InmanyEnglishcities,therearebigbuseswithtwofloors.Youcansitonthesecondfloor.Fromthereyoucanseethecityverywell.That'llbeveryinteresting.
（1）BeforeyoucrossastreetinLondon,youmustlookto________.
A. onlytherightside
B. onlytheleftside
C. theleftfirstandthentheright
D. therightfirstandthentheleft
（2）WhenyoudriveacarinEngland,youmust________.
A. driveontheleft
B. driveontheright
C. ignorethetrafficlights
D. goveryquickly
（3）Ifthetrafficlightsaregreen,thetraffic________.
A. cango
B. mustbecareful
C. mustn'tcross
D. muststop
（4）Whichofthefollowingisright?
A. Afteryoucrossthestreet,youmustlooktotheleftfirstandthentheright.
B. Ifthelightsarered,thetrafficmustn'tstop.
C. YoumustdrivecarsontheleftinEngland.
D. Inthemorningandintheeveningwhenpeoplegotoorcomebackfromwork,thetrafficisnotdangerousatall.
【答案】
（1）D
（2）A
（3）A
（4）C
【解析】【分析】文章大意：
本文介绍了伦敦的交通规则和交通工具，还告诉我们什么时候伦敦街道的交通比较危险。
（1）细节理解题，根据 Beforeyoucrossthestreet,youmustlooktotherightfirstandthentheleft. 可知在你横穿马路之前，你必选先看右边然后再看左边。
故答案是D。
（2）细节理解题，根据Youmustalwaysrememberthetrafficmovesontheleft. 可知你必须总是要记住交通是靠左行驶的。
故答案是A。
（3）细节理解题，根据Ifthelightsaregreen,thetrafficcango.可知如果灯绿了，交通就可以运行了。
故答案是A。
（4）细节理解题，根据Youmustalwaysrememberthetrafficmovesontheleft. 可知你必须总是要记住交通是靠左行驶的。
因此C是正确的。
故答案是C。
【点评】考查阅读理解，本题主要涉及的是细节理解题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案。
3．阅读理解
Someanimalssleepduringthewintertimebecausetheweathercanbeverycoldanditisdifficultforthemtofindfood.Theycansleepforalongtime.Thiskindofwintersleepiscalled“hibernation”.
Ifananimalmovesaboutalot,itneedsfood.Hibernatinganimalsdonotneedtoeatmuchbecausetheyarenotmovingabout.Theirhearts（心脏）beatveryslowlyandtheyalsobreathe（呼吸）slowly.Theyfindaplacethatissheltered（遮蔽的）frombadweatherandwheretheyareoutofdanger.Theirbodyfat（脂肪）keepsthemaliveandwarm.
Someanimals,suchasbears,maywakeupfromtheirhibernationonwarmwinterdaysandthenquicklygobacktosleepagainwhentheyseethesnowisstillthickontheground.Whentheweatherbecomeswarmerinspring,theanimalsstarttowakeupandlookforfood.
（1）Ifananimalmovesaboutalot,itneeds________.
A. food B. ashelter C. thesunshine D. wintersleep
（2）Hibernatinganimalsdon'tneedtoeatbecause________keepsthemaliveandwarm.
A. thesunshine
B. theirhearts
C. badweather
D. theirbodyfat
（3）Somehibernatinganimalsmay________whentheyfindthesnowisstillthickontheground.
A. eatsomefood
B. wakeuponwinterdays
C. quicklygobacktosleep D. goouttolookforfood
（4）Whentheweatherbecomes________，thehibernatinganimalsstarttowakeupandlookforfood.
A. coldinwinter
B. coldinspring
C. warmerinwinter
D. warmerinspring
【答案】
（1）A
（2）D
（3）C
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了动物冬眠的事情。
（1）细节题。
根据 Ifananimalmovesaboutalot,itneedsfood可知如果一个动物经常走动，它就需要食物，故选A。
（2）细节题。
根据Hibernatinganimalsdonotneedtoeatmuch 和Theirbodyfat（脂肪）keepsthemaliveandwarm，可知，冬眠的动物不需要吃东西因为他们身体的脂肪可以保持他们活着和温暖，故选D。
（3）细节题。
根据Someanimals,suchasbears,maywakeupfromtheirhibernationonwarmwinterdaysandthenquicklygobacktosleepagainwhentheyseethesnowisstillthickontheground可知有些冬眠的动物当他们发现地上的雪很厚时，会迅速回去睡觉，故选C。
（4）细节题。
根据Whentheweatherbecomeswarmerinspring,theanimalsstarttowakeupandlookforfood可知当气候开始在春天变暖时，冬眠的动物开始醒来寻找食物，故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解。
本文涉及细节题，细节题要注意从文中寻找关键词，得出答案。
4．阅读理解
Theworldisnothungry,butitisthirsty.Itseemsstrangethatnearly3/4oftheEarthiscoveredwithwaterwhilewesayweareshortof（短缺）water.Why?
Becauseabout97%ofwaterontheEarthisseawaterwhichwecan'tdrinkoruseforwateringplantsdirectly（直接地）.Mancanonlydrinkandusethe3%-thewaterthatcomesfromriversandlakes.Andwecan'tevenuseallofthat,becausesomeofithasbeenpolluted（污染）.
Nowmorewaterisneeded.TheproblemisCanweavoid（避免）aseriouswatershortagelateron?
First,weshouldalllearnhowtosavewater.Secondly,weshouldfindoutthewaystoreuseit.Scientistshavealwaysbeenresearchinginthefield.Today,inmostlargecitieswaterisusedonlyonceandthenrunstotheseasorrivers.Butitcanbeusedagain.Evenif（即使）everylargecityreuseditswater,therewouldnotbeenough.Whatcanpeopleturntonext?
Theseasseemtohavethebestanswer.Thereisalotofwaterintheseas.Allthatneedstobedoneisgetthesaltoutoftheseawater.Thisisexpensive,butit'salreadyusedinmanypartsoftheworld.Scientistsaretryingtofindacheaperwayofdoingit.Soyousee,ifwecanfindawayout,we'llbeinnodangerofdryingup.
（1）Theworldisthirstybecause .
A. 3/4oftheEarthiscoveredwithwater
B. wehaveenoughseawatertousedirectly
C. wehaven'tusedallthewaterinriversandlakes
D. about97%ofwaterontheEarthcan'tbedrunkorusedforwateringplantsdirectly
（2）WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?
A. 3%ofwaterontheEarthisinriversandlakes.
B. 75%ofwaterontheEarthisfromthesea.
C. 97%oftheEarthiscoveredwithwater.
D. 3%ofwaterontheEarthisseawater.
（3）Fromthepassageweknowthat
A. ifeverylargecityreusesitswater,we'llbeinnodangerofdryingup
B. mancanonlydrinkanduseabout25%ofwaterontheEarth
C. todayinmostlargecitieswaterisusedonlyonce
D. watercanbeusedonlyonce
（4）Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisthemostimportanttoavoidwatershortage?
A. Savewaterandtrytomakegooduseofthewaterinriversandlakes.
B. Don'tpollutewaterandkeepallriversandlakesclean.
C. Makedirtywatercleanandthenreuseit.
D. Trytofindacheaperwaytogetthesaltoutoftheseawater.
（5）Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?
A. Theseawater
B. Howtosavewater
C. Thethirstyworld
D. Thepollutedwater
【答案】
（1）D
（2）A
（3）C
（4）D
（5）C
【解析】【分析】文章大意：
地球不饥饿，但它干渴，因为我们只能使用全球水分的3%。
为了避免缺水，我们首先要节约用水，其次是要找到再利用水的方法。
最好的答案是从海水中分离出盐，但是这个方法成本很高。
科学家们还在不断努力以找到经济有效的办法。
（1）细节理解题。
根据文中语句Becauseabout97%ofwaterontheearthisseawaterwhichwecan'
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