学年高中英语Unit1Greatscientists单元质量检测新人教版必修5.docx
《学年高中英语Unit1Greatscientists单元质量检测新人教版必修5.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《学年高中英语Unit1Greatscientists单元质量检测新人教版必修5.docx（16页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。
学年高中英语Unit1Greatscientists单元质量检测新人教版必修5
单元质量检测
（一）
选择题部分
Ⅰ.阅读理解（共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
TheNobelPrizeWinnersinLiterature
RabindranathTagore（1913）
Prizemotivation:
“becauseofhisprofoundlysensitive,freshandbeautifulverse（诗歌）,bywhich,withconsummateskill,hehasmadehispoeticthought,expressedinhisownEnglishwords,apartoftheliteratureoftheWest”
WilliamFaulkner（1949）
Prizemotivation:
“forhispowerfulandartisticallyuniquecontributiontothemodernAmericannovel”
SirWinstonLeonardSpencerChurchill（1953）
Prizemotivation:
“forhismasteryofhistoricalandbiographicaldescriptionaswellasforbrilliantoratory（演说才能）indefendingexaltedhumanvalues”
ErnestMillerHemingway（1954）
Prizemotivation:
“forhismasteryoftheartofnarrative,mostrecentlydemonstratedinTheOldManandtheSea,andfortheinfluencethathehasexertedoncontemporarystyle”
JohnSteinbeck（1962）
Prizemotivation:
“forhisrealisticandimaginativewritings,combiningastheydosympathetichumorandkeensocialperception”
ClaudeSimon（1985）
Prizemotivation:
“whoinhisnovelcombinesthepoet'sandthepainter'screativenesswithadeepenedawarenessoftimeinthedepictionofthehumancondition”
MoYan（2012）
Prizemotivation:
“whowithhallucinatory（幻觉般的）realismmergesfolktales,historyandthecontemporary”
BobDylan（2016）
Prizemotivation:
“forhavingcreatednewpoeticexpressionswithinthegreatAmericansongtradition”
语篇解读：
本文向我们介绍了八位著名的诺贝尔文学奖获得者的获奖原因。
1．WhichwriterwonNobelPrizeforhispoetry?
A．WilliamFaulkner. B．BobDylan.
C．RabindranathTagore.D．ClaudeSimon.
解析：
选C 细节理解题。
根据标题RabindranathTagore（1913）部分中的“becauseofhisprofoundlysensitive,freshandbeautifulverse（诗歌）,bywhich,withconsummateskill...”可知，拉宾德拉纳特·泰戈尔因为诗歌而获得诺贝尔文学奖。
故选C项。
2．WhichwriterwonNoblePrizemostlyforhisspecificwork?
A．ErnestHemingway.B．JohnSteinbeck.
C．WilliamFaulkner.D．WinstonChurchill.
解析：
选A 细节理解题。
根据标题ErnestMillerHemingway（1954）部分中的“forhismasteryoftheartofnarrative,mostrecentlydemonstratedinTheOldManandtheSea...”可知，海明威主要是凭借《老人与海》这部小说获奖，其他获奖者的获奖理由中并未提及具体作品。
故选A项。
3．Whodescribedreallifeexperiencesinhishistoricworks?
A．JohnSteinbeck.B．MoYan.
C．ErnestHemingway.D．WinstonChurchill.
解析：
选D 推理判断题。
根据标题SirWinstonLeonardSpencerChurchill（1953）部分中的“forhismasteryofhistoricalandbiographicaldescription...”可知，丘吉尔精通历史和传记写作，故D项正确。
B
Throughoutmyeducationalyears,despitethekindteachersIhadmet,IneverfeltinterestinwritinguntilImether,Mrs.Kelley.Atfirst,Ibelievedthatwritingwouldstillbemyworstclass.Gradually,myfondnessincreased.Shetaughtthelessoninsuchalivelywayandherwordchoiceimpressedme.Butthatwasnotwhatmadehermyfavorite.Unlikeotherteachers,afterinstructions,shegaveanenormousamountoffreedominwhatwewrote,allowingustocreateourownstoriesusingourimagination.Andthatmatteredmost.
Therewasonereallyrevolutionaryevent:
thehistoricalfictionunit.Weweretoinventourownstoriesusingtheperiodweweregiven.WorldWarⅡwasmine.Atthatpoint,Iwasjustlookingforagoodgrade.Ratherthancreatingamundane（平淡的）story,IwantedtomakeastorythatIfeltwasmeaningful.AsIprogressed,IwaspulledfurtherandfurtherintotherealitythatIhadmade.Grammarnolongerexisted,asmyhandsgainedacceleration.WhenItypedthefinalword,myhandstrembledwithexcitement.Briefly,Ireaditoverandthensubmittedthedraft.
Inthemidstofanxiousness,Mrs.Kelleyresponded.Shepointedoutsomemistakesandgavesomesuggestions.Sadly,therewerenocommentsofrecognition.Ifixedtheerrorsandmovedon.Butwhenwaitingforthefinalgrade,Ierasedalltheunrealisticthoughtsthatwanderedinmymind.
Inthenextclass,surprisingly,afterhandingbackmypaper,Mrs.Kelleymentionedthatmystorywasverygood.Ilookedatherinconfusion.Soonexcitementstirredinsideme.Ifounda“＋5”attachedtothescore.Shehadgivenanextrapointin“Plot”，addingan“Excellent！
”Nootherteacherhaddonethis.Onthatday,Ifeltwhatitmeanstobeawriter.Mrs.Kelleyintroducedmetothebeautyofliteratureandmadewritingsoenjoyable.
语篇解读：
本文是记叙文。
作者以前一直对写作不感兴趣，在Kelley老师的引导下，他逐渐感受到写作的乐趣，继而全身心投入其中，最终获得了老师的肯定。
4．WhatmadeMrs.Kelleysospecialaccordingtotheauthor?
A．Herpatienceandkindness.
B．Herconfidenceinstudents.
C．Hercreativeteachingstyle.
D．Herprofessionalknowledge.
解析：
选C 细节理解题。
根据第一段中的“Unlikeotherteachers,afterinstructions,shegaveanenormousamountoffreedominwhatwewrote,allowingustocreateourownstoriesusingourimagination.Andthatmatteredmost”可知，Kelley老师最大的优点在于她的授课方式很有创意，她给予学生充分的自由，允许他们发挥自己的想象力进行写作。
5．HowdidtheauthorfeelwhenMrs.Kelleyrespondedatfirst?
A．Excited.B．Worried.
C．Surprised.D．Disappointed.
解析：
选D 细节理解题。
根据第三段的“Sadly,therewerenocommentsofrecognition.”可知，Kelley老师只是指出了写作中的错误，并提出建议，并没有认可性的评论，这令作者有些沮丧。
6．WhatwasthebiggestbenefittheauthorgotfromMrs.Kelley'sclass?
A．Recognizinghistalent.
B．Findingthejoyofwriting.
C．Determininghislifetimecareer.
D．Acquiringpracticalwritingskills.
解析：
选B 推理判断题。
根据全文内容尤其是最后一段中的“Onthatday,Ifeltwhatitmeanstobeawriter.Mrs.Kelleyintroducedmetothebeautyofliteratureandmadewritingsoenjoyable”可知，在Kelley老师的教导下，作者由原来的反感到逐渐爱上写作这门课，感受到文学的魅力以及写作的快乐，这是他最大的收获。
C
BorninLondonin1825,ThomasHenryHuxleywasoneofthegreatmenofthenineteenthcentury.In1846ThomasHenryHuxleywasappointedassistantdoctoraboardH．M.S.Rattlesnake.TheshiphadbeenaskedtosurveyareasoftheGreatBarrierReefandtheneighboringseas.ThisgaveThomasHenryHuxleyanopportunitytostudyanimallifeandwasthestartofhisbiologicalcareer.Thevoyagelastedfouryears,duringwhichtimehegatheredmuchinformationonplankton（浮游生物）．
Onhisreturnfromthevoyage,ThomasHenryHuxleywasmadeamemberoftheRoyalSocietyinrecognitionofhisscientificwork.Althoughhecontinuedtopublishpapersaboutplankton,hisinterestwasturningtowardsvertebrate（有脊椎的）animals.ForsometimeThomasHenryHuxleyandhisworkmateshadbeendiscussingthepossibilitythatanimalspecieshadevolved（进化）,onefromanother.Nosatisfactorytheorieshadbeenputforward,butin1859Darwin'sOriginofSpeciesappeared.ThomasHenryHuxleyatoncerealizeditsimportanceandhowthetheoryofnaturalselectionprovided“theworkinghypothesis（假说）wesought”．
FortherestofhislifeThomasHenryHuxleystruggledtoensurethefullrecognitionofDarwin'swork.In1863ThomasHenryHuxleypublishedMan'sPlaceinNatureinwhichhecomparedmanandgreatapes（猿）．Heclearlyshowedsimilarities.
DespitehismanyachievementshewasgivennoawardbytheBritishstateuntillateinhislife.Fromabout1870,ThomasHenryHuxleywastooinvolvedinotherthingstocontinueactualresearch.Hehadalwaysbeeninterestedineducation.Hepioneeredtheteachingofbiologyandhismethodofselecting“typeanimals”isstillfollowedtoday.Hespentthelasttenyearsofhislifewritingessaysmainlyonbiology.
语篇解读：
本文是说明文。
文章介绍了英国生物学家、教育家赫胥黎的生平以及他的主要科学研究。
7．WhydidHuxleygoonthevoyage?
A．Toexplorethedeepsea.
B．Todoresearchonseaanimals.
C．Toworkasadoctorontheship.
D．Togatherinformationforhispaper.
解析：
选C 细节理解题。
根据第一段的“In1846ThomasHenryHuxleywasappointedassistantdoctoraboardH．M.S.Rattlesnake”可知，赫胥黎进行这次航行的最初目的是在船上担任助理医生。
8．HowdidHuxleyreacttothetheoryofnaturalselection?
A．Hehaddoubtaboutit.
B．Hethoughthighlyofit.
C．Hecouldn'tunderstandit.
D．Hethoughthedevelopeditfirst.
解析：
选B 推理判断题。
根据第二段的“ThomasHenryHuxleyatoncerealizeditsimportanceandhowthetheoryofnaturalselectionprovided'theworkinghypothesis（假说）wesought'”可知，赫胥黎很重视达尔文的自然选择学说。
9．WhatdoweknowaboutHuxley'sbookMan'sPlaceinNature?
A．Itdiscussestheimportanceofhumanbeings.
B．ItfocusesonDarwin'stheoryofnaturalselection.
C．Ittalksaboutthedifferencesbetweenmanandapes.
D．Itprovidesevidenceabouttheevolutionofmanfromapes.
解析：
选D 细节理解题。
根据第三段的内容可知，赫胥黎在他的著作《人类在自然界的位置》中比较了人类与猿之间的相似处，说明它们在进化过程中的联系。
10．WhatcanwelearnaboutHuxleyfromthelastparagraph?
A．Hecontinuedhisresearchtillhisdeath.
B．Hecontributedalottobiologyteaching.
C．Henevergotawardsforhisachievements.
D．Hebecameagoodnovelistlateinhislife.
解析：
选B 细节理解题。
根据最后一段的“Hehadalwaysbeeninterestedineducation.Hepioneeredtheteachingofbiologyandhismethodofselecting'typeanimals'isstillfollowedtoday”可知，赫胥黎在生物教学方面做出了很大的贡献。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
选项中有两项为多余选项。
Ifsomethingthatyou'redoingdoesn'tchallengeyou,thenitdoesn'tchangeyou.Weallneedsomenormalstressinourlives,afterall.__11_Sochallengethefollowinglimits：
★Figureoutwhatyou'rescaredofanddoitcontinuously.
Ifyou'reasalesman,andyou'rescaredoftalkingtopeoplepersonallyoroverthephone,now,insteadofbeingscaredandthinkingyou'llfail,spendatleastfiveminutesadaypickingupthephoneandmakingacall.__12__Butdon'tstoponthefirsttry!
Eventually,youcanlookatfearintheeyesandsay,“Goon.I'mnotscared！
”
★__13__
Makesurethishobbyisnotlinkedtoyourcareer;youhavetorelaxandrelieveyourstresswhileperformingthis.Someexamplesmightbecooking,sewing,paintingandsoon.Apartfromhelpingyouchallengeyourself,takingaclassforyourhobbymayalsogiveyouextraincome.
★Setasideatleastnineminutesadayforphysicalexercise.
__14__Asimple9minuterunaroundyourneighbourhoodcandowondersforyourself.Exercisecannotonlyhelpyoumaintainyourregularweight,butalsomakeyoufeelbetteraboutyourself.
★Trav
升级会员 