2021-2022学年江苏省苏州市高三(上)期初调研英语试卷(附答案详解).docx

2021-2022学年江苏省苏州市高三(上)期初调研英语试卷(附答案详解).docx

《2021-2022学年江苏省苏州市高三(上)期初调研英语试卷(附答案详解).docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2021-2022学年江苏省苏州市高三(上)期初调研英语试卷(附答案详解).docx（22页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。

2021-2022学年江苏省苏州市高三（上）期初调研英语试卷

一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）

A

Forcenturies,teahasbeenusedforfarmorethanovercomingthirst.Aroundtheworldpeopledrinkittorelaxandrestoreenergy.

Green,oolongandblackteacomefromthesameplant—Camelliasinensis（茶树）.Greentea,however,isprocessedinadifferentway,whichresultsinhigherlevelsofsomeofthecompoundsthatscientistsbelievehavepositiveeffectsonourmentalhealth.

A2017reviewofmorethan100studiesfoundthatgreenteacanimpactthebraininthreeways：

reduceanxiety；focusattention；andimprovebrainfunction,especiallymemory.However,itwascautionedthattheeffectsaren'tlarge,andcurrentevidenceismainlyprovidedbysmall-scalestudies.

Therearealsosuggestionsthatteacouldimprovethesymptomsofdepression,dementia（痴呆）andDownsyndrome（唐氏综合征）.

A2018studyconductedinSouthKoreafoundthatfrequentgreenteadrinkerswere21%lesslikelytodevelopdepressionthanthosewhowerenon-drinkers.However,asanobservationalstudy,itcouldn'testablishcauseandeffect,onlyassociation.

Teaalsohassomebenefitsforourphysicalhealth—it'slinkedtoalongerlife,couldreducesomeriskfactorsforcardiovascular（心血管的）diseasesuchasheartattackandstroke,andmayalsohaveaweight-losingeffect.

"Weneedbetterdatatotrulyassessthebenefitsofteaonourmentalandphysicalwell-being,"saidGunterKuhnleattheUniversityofReading,"however,withtheexceptionofgreenteapills,whichhavebeenlinkedtoliverdamage,andburningtea,whichhasbeenlinkedtoesophageal（食道的）cancer,there'snorealdownsidetoacupoftea.Ithinkmostpeopleenjoyrituals（仪式感）.It'sacomfortingthing.Ifthere'sanythingwrong,hereit'sacupofteathat'sneeded."

1.Howisgreenteadifferentfromoolongandblacktea？

______

A.Itcuresdepressionanddementia.

B.Itisneverpartofacomplexritual.

C.Ithashigherlevelsofcertaincompounds.

D.ItistakenfromCamelliasinensis.

2.WhatdoesGunterKuhnlewanttoexpress？

______

A.Greentearitualsgivepeoplecomfort.

B.Greenteapillsmaycauseesophagealcancer.

C.Greenteabringspeoplemoreharmthangood.

D.Greenteaprovesbeneficialwithnoexception.

3.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext？

______

A.Whichteapreventscancer B.Whydrinkingteamighthelp

C.Whenteacausesliverdamage D.Howteasareprocessed

B

Atfirst,Ididn'trecognizethesymptomsthatweallhadincommon.Friendsmentionedthattheywerehavingtroubleconcentrating.Itwasn'tburnout—westillhadenergy.Itwasn'tdepression—wedidn'tfeelhopeless.Wejustfeltsomewhatjoylessandaimless.

Itturnsoutthere'sanameforthat：

languishing.

Languishingisasenseofinactivityandemptiness.Itfeelsasifyou'remuddling（应付）throughyourdays,lookingatyourlifethroughafoggywindshield（挡风玻璃）.

Inpsychology,wethinkaboutmentalhealthonaspectrum（范围）fromdepressiontoflourishing（精力旺盛）.Flourishingisthepeakofwell-being.Depressionisthevalleyofill-being.Languishingistheneglectedmiddlechildofmentalhealth.It'stheemptinessbetweendepressionandflourishing—theabsenceofwell-being.You'renotfunctioningatfullcapacity.Languishingdullsyourmotivation,disruptsyourabilitytofocus,andgreatlyincreasesthepossibilitythatyou'llcutbackonwork.

Partofthedangeristhatwhenyou'relanguishing,youmightnotnoticethedullingofdelightorthedecreasingofdrive.Youdon'tcatchyourselfslippingslowlyintoaloneness；you'reindifferenttoyourindifference.Whenyoucan'tseeyourownsuffering,youdon'tseekhelporevendomuchtohelpyourself.

Sowhatcanwedoaboutit？

Peoplewhobecamemorefocusedontheirworkmanagedtoavoidlanguishing.Interruptedattentionisanenemyofengagementandexcellence.Togobeyondlanguishing,giveyourselfsomeuninterruptedtime.Itclearsoutconstantdistractions（分心）andgivesusthefreedomtofocus.Andtrystartingwithsmallwinsbyfocusingonachallengethatmatterstoyou-aninterestingproject,aworthwhilegoal,orameaningfulconversation.

Westillhavealottolearnaboutwhatcauseslanguishingandhowtocureit,butnamingitmightbeafirststep.Itcouldhelptodefogourvision,givingusaclearerwindowintowhathadbeenanunclearexperience.Itcouldremindusthatweweren'talone：

languishingiscommonandshared.

Byacknowledgingthatsomanyofusarelanguishing,wecanstartgivingvoicetoquietdespairandlightingapathoutoftheemptiness.

4.Whichdefinitionbestsuitstheword"languishing"？

______

A.Feelingexhaustedandwithouthope.

B.Becomingweakerorfailingtoimprove.

C.Makingsomeonewanttoachievesomething.

D.Goingbeyondtheusuallimitsofsomething.

5.Whichofthefollowingcanbedescribedaslanguishing？

______

A.Seekinghelpwhenyouaresuffering.

B.Realizingthatyouarenotaloneindespair.

C.Givingyourselfsomeuninterruptedtime.

D.Beingindifferenttoyourlackofenthusiasm.

6.Whatcouldpsychologistsdotohelpsolvetheproblemsoflanguishing？

______

A.Givepeoplemorefreedom. B.Seeitasdepression.

C.Nameitclearly. D.Removeitfromaspectrum.

7.Whyisitsignificanttoknowlanguishingiscommonandshared？

______

A.Wecanletthesilentdespairspeakupandfindawayout.

B.Wecancontinuetolearnmoreaboutlanguishing.

C.Wecanseeitasbasicallythesameasdepression.

D.Wecanstudyitasthecompleteoppositeofflourishing.

C

Abatandaballcost﹩1.10intotal.Thebatcosts﹩1.00morethantheball.Howmuchdoestheballcost？

Ifyouanswered10cents,you'renotalone-mostpeoplegivethesameanswer（thecorrectansweris5cents）.It'sanexampleofhowweoftenrelyonintuitive（直觉的）responses-answerswefeelaretrue.Peoplegiveanswersthat"popintotheirmind,"saysStevenSloman.Wedon'tspendmuchtime"reflectingandcheckingwhethertheanswerisrightorwrong."

Thebatandballquestionhelpsexplainwhyweoftenbelieveinfake（假的）news.Itispartofhumannaturetobelieve,saysSloman.But"thetrickwithfakenewsistoknowtoverify"---inotherwords,tostopandquestionwhatyouknow.Inoneexperiment,Slomanandacolleagueinventedadiscoverycalledheliumrain.Theytoldagroupofvolunteersaboutit,butadmittedtheycouldnotfullyexplainwhatitwas.Theythenaskedthevolunteerstoratetheirownunderstandingofheliumrain.Mostvolunteersratedthemselves1outof7，meaningtheydidnotunderstandtheconcept.

Theresearchersthentoldanothergroupofvolunteersaboutthediscovery.Thistime,theysaidthatscientistscouldfullyexplainhowitworks.Whenaskedtoratetheirunderstanding,thevolunteersgaveanaverageanswerof2.Thescientists'confidencegavethevolunteersanincreasedsenseoftheirownunderstanding,Slomansays.

AccordingtoSloman,studiesshowthatknowledgespreadslikeacontagion（传染病）.Thisideacanbeseeninmanyfields,includingpolitics."Ifeveryonearoundyouissayingtheyunderstandwhyapoliticianisdishonest,"Slomansays,"thenyou'regoingtostartthinkingthatyouunderstand,too."

Anotherexplanationforthespreadoffakenewsis"motivatedreasoning,"writesAdamWyatz,anAmericanmanagementprofessor,"wearenaturallymorelikelytobelievethingsthatconfirmourexistingopinions."

So,inaworldwheremisleadinginformationiscommon,trainingpeopletocareaboutfact-checkingisimportant,especiallyinonlinecommunities."Weshouldcheckthingsandnotjusttakethematfacevalue,"Slomansays."Verifybeforeyoubelieve."

8.Whydoestheauthorusetheexampleofthebatandballquestion？

______

A.Towarnthatpeopleoftenignoreskillsthattheylearned.

B.Toshowthattherearevariousanswerstoaquestion.

C.Toillustratethatpeopletendtorushtoaconclusion.

D.Toarousepeople'sinterestinplayingguessinggames.

9.Inparagraph3，whatdoestheunderlinedword"verify"mean？

______

A.Tomakesuresomethingistrue.

B.Tothinkaboutsomethingforalongtime.

C.Toexpressanopinionaboutsomething.

D.Tofollowyourintuitiveresponse.

10.Whendomorevolunteersclaimtounderstandheliumrain？

______

A.Whensomeofthevolunteersexplainedittothem.

B.WhenSlomanandhiscolleaguesshowedthemhowitworks.

C.Whentheyhavemoreconfidenceinthemselves.

D.Whentheybelievedthatscientistsunderstoodit.

11.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleof"motivatedreasoning"？

______

A.Youtrustadamagingstoryaboutsomeonewhoyoualwaysjudgenegatively.

B.Youpostamessageonlinethatgivesyourpersonalopinionaboutanewsstory.

C.Yousearchonlineformoreinformationaboutadoubtfulstoryonsocialmedia.

D.Youthinkauniversityprofessordishonestwheneverybodyaroundyousayso.

D

Atticuswassittingintheswing,andMr.Tatewasinachairnexttohim.Thelightfromtheliving-roomwindowswasstrongonthem.

"Well,Heck,"Atticuswassaying,"Ofcourseitwasclear-cutselfdefense,butit'llcomebeforecountycourt."

"Mr.Finch,doyouthinkJemkilledBobEwell？

Doyouthinkthat？

"

"YouheardwhatScoutsaid,there'snodoubtaboutit.ShesaidJemgotupandyankedhimoffher—heprobablygotholdofEwell'sknifesomehowinthedark…we'llfindouttomorrow."

"Mr.Finch,holdon."saidMr.Tate."JemneverstabbedBobEwell."

Atticuswassilentforamoment.HelookedatMr.Tateasifheappreciatedwhathesaid.ButAtticusshookhishead.

"Heck,thankyoufromthebottomofmyheart,butIdon'twantmyboystartingoutwithsomethinglikethisoverhishead.Bestwaytocleartheairistohaveitalloutintheopen."

"Mr.Finch,"Mr.Tatesaid,"BobEwellfellonhisknife.Hekilledhimself."

"Heck,"Atticus'sbackwasturned."Ifthisthing'shushedup（掩盖）it'llbeasimp