全套考研英语二真题和答案解析详解.docx

1、全套考研英语二真题和答案解析详解专业整理2014 年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语 ( 二 ) 试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Thinner isn t always better. A number of studies have _1_ that normal-weightpeople are in fact

2、 at higher risk of some diseases compared to those who areoverweight. And there are health conditions for which being overweight is actually_2_. For example, heavier women are less likely to develop calcium deficiency than thin women. _3_ among the elderly, being somewhat overweight is often an _4_

3、of good health.Of even greater _5_ is the fact that obesity turns out to be very difficultto define. It is often defined _6_ body mass index, or BMI. BMI _7_ body massdivided by the square of height. An adult with a BMI of 18 to 25 is often consideredto be normal weight. Between 25 and 30 is overwei

4、ght. And over 30 is considered obese.Obesity, _8_,can be divided into moderately obese, severely obese, and veryseverely obese.While such numerical standards seem 9 , they are not. Obesity is probably lessa matter of weight than body fat. Some people with a high BMI are in fact extremelyfit, 10 othe

5、rs with a low BMI may be in poor 11 .For example, many collegiate andprofessional football players 12 as obese, though their percentage body fat is low.Conversely, someone with a small frame may have high body fat but a 13 BMI.Today we have a(an) _14 _ to label obesity as a disgrace.The overweight a

6、re sometimes_15_in the media with their faces covered. Stereotypes _16_ with obesity include laziness, lack of will power,and lower prospects for success.Teachers,employers,and health professionals have been shown to harborWORD 完美格式专业整理biasesagainsttheobese. _17_veryyoung childrentend to look down o

7、n the overweight,and teasing about body build has long been a problem in schools.1.A denied B conduced C doubled D ensured2.A protective B dangerous C sufficient Dtroublesome3.A Instead B However C Likewise D Therefore4.A indicator B objective C originD example5.A impact B relevance C assistanceD co

8、ncern6.A in terms of B in case ofC in favor of D in of7.A measuresB determines C equals D modifies8.A in essenceB in contrast C in turn D in part9.A complicated B conservative C variableD straightforward10.A soBunlike C since D unless11.A shape B spirit C balance D taste12.A start B quality C retire

9、Dstay13.A strange B changeableC normal D constant14.A option B reason C opportunityD tendency15.A employedB pictured C imitated D monitored16.A B combinedC settled D associated17. A Even B Still C Yet D Only18. A despised B corrected C ignored D groundedWORD 完美格式专业整理19. A discussions B businesses C

10、policies D studies20. A for B against C with D withoutSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1What would you do with 590m? This is now a question

11、 for Gloria Mackenzie, an 84-year-old widow who recently emerged from her small, tin-roofed house in Florida to collect the biggest undivided lottery jackpot in history. If she hopes hernew-found for tune will yield lasting feelings of fulfillment, she could do worse than read Happy Money by Elizabe

12、th Dumn and Michael Norton.These two academics use an array of behavioral research to show that the most rewarding ways to spend money can be counterintuitive. Fantasies of great wealth often involve visions of fancy cars and extravagant homes. Yet satisfaction with these material purchases wears of

13、f fairly quickly what was once exciting and newbecomes old-hat; regret creeps in. It is far better to spend money on experiences, say Ms Dumn and Mr Norton, like interesting trips, unique meals or even going tothe cinema. These purchases often become more valuable with time-as stories or memories-pa

14、rticularly if they involve feeling more connected to others.This slim volume is packed with tips to help wage slaves as well as lotterywinners get the most happiness bang for your buck. It seems most people would bebetter off if they could shorten their commutes to work, spend more time with friends

15、and family and less of it watching television (something the average American spendsa whopping two months a year doing, and is hardly jollier for it).Buying gifts orWORD 完美格式专业整理giving to charity is often more pleasurable than purchasing things for oneself, andluxuries are most enjoyable when they a

16、re consumed sparingly. This is apparentlythe reason MacDonalds restricts the availability of its popular McRib - a marketingtrick that has turned the pork sandwich into an object of obsession.Readers of “ HappyMoney”are clearlya privilegedlot,anxiousaboutfulfillment,not hunger.Money may notquitebuy

17、happiness,butpeoplein wealthiercountriesaregenerally happier than those in poor ones. Yet the link between feeling good andspending money on others can be seen among rich and poor people around the world,and scarcityenhancesthepleasure of most thingsformost people.Not everyonewillagree withtheauthor

18、s policyideas,whichrange frommandatingmore holidaytimeto reducingtaxincentivesforAmericanhomebuyers.Butmost peoplewillcome awayfrom this book believing it was money well spent。21.According to Dumn and Norton,which of the following is the most rewarding purchase?AA big houseBA special tourCA stylish

19、carDA rich meal22.The author s attitude toward Americans watching TV isAcriticalBsupportiveCsympatheticDambiguous23.Macrib is mentioned in paragraph 3 to show thatWORD 完美格式专业整理Aconsumers are sometimes irrationalBpopularity usually comes after qualityCmarketing tricks are after effectiveDrarity gener

20、ally increases pleasure24.According to the last paragraph,Happy MoneyA has left much room for readers criticismB may prove to be a worthwhile purchase Chas predicted a wider income gap in the us Dmay give its readers a sense of achievement 25.This text mainly discusses how toA balance feeling good a

21、nd spending money Bspend large sums of money won in lotteriesC obtain lasting satisfaction from money spentD become more reasonable in spending on luxuriesText 2An article in Scientific America has pointed out that empirical research saysthat, actually, you think you re more beautifulneed to feel go

22、od about ourselves and we naturallythan you are. We have a deep-seatedemploy a number of self-enhancingstrategies to research into what the call the “ above average effect ”, or “ illusorysuperiority ” , and shown that, for example, 70%of us rate ourselves as above averagein leadership, 93% in drivi

23、ng and 85% at getting on well with others all obviouslystatistical impossibilities.WORD 完美格式专业整理We rose tint our memories and put ourselves into self-affirming situations. Webecome defensive when criticized, and apply negative stereotypes to others to boostour own esteem, we stalk around thinking we

24、 re hot stuff.Psychologistand behavioralscientistNicholasEpleyoversawa key studyingintoself-enhancement and attractiveness. Rather that have people simply rate theirbeauty compress with others, he asked them to identify an original photogragh ofthemselves froma lineupincludingversionsthathad been al

25、teredto appear moreand less attractive. Visual recognition, reads the study, is“ an automaticpsychologicalprocessoccurringrapidlyand intuitivelywith littleor noapparentconsciousdeliberation” . If the subjectsquicklychose a falselyflatteringimage-which must did- they genuinelybelievedit was really ho

26、w they looked. Epley foundno significantgenderdifferenceinresponses.Nor was there any evidence that,thosewho self-enhancethe must (thatis,the participantswho thoughtthemost positivelydoctored picture were real) were doing soto make up forprofound insecurities. Infact thosewho thoughtthattheimages hi

27、gherup the attractivenessscalewere realdirectly corresponded with those who showed other makers for having higherself-esteem.“ Idon t thinkthe findings that we having haveareany evidence ofpersonal delusion ” , says Epley. “ Itthinking well of themselves . If youKnowing the results of Epley s study,

28、itof themselves Viscerally-on one level,s a reflection simply of people generallyare depressed, you wont be self-enhancing.makes sense that why people heat photographsthey dont even recognise the person in thepicture as themselves, Facebook therefore ,is a self-enhancer s paradise,wherepeople can sh

29、are only the most flattering photos, the cream of theirwit ,style ,beauty, intellect and lifestyle it s not that people s profiles aredishonest,says catalina toma of Wiscon Madison university , ” but they portray anidealized version of themselves.26. According to the first paragraph, social psychologist have found that_.A our self-ratings are unrealistically highB illusory superiority is baseless effectWORD 完美格式专业整理C our ne