高考英语一轮复习模块51Gettingalongwithother.docx

1、高考英语一轮复习模块51GettingalongwithotherUnit 1 Getting along with others一、重点词汇熟记下列单词词性(词形)变化apologize v.道歉apology n道歉 guilty adj.内疚的；有罪的guilt n罪行，内疚truly adv. 真诚地。诚恳地，衷心地true adj. argue vi. 争吵，争论argument n.争吵，争论revision n.复习；修订，修改review v.复习 mercy n.宽恕；仁慈merciful adj.宽恕的；仁慈的cheerful adj.愉快的，高兴的；令人愉快的cheer

2、n愉快，欢呼v.(为某人)打气；(对)欢呼cruel adj.伤人的；残酷的，残忍的cruelty n残酷，野蛮，残酷的行为athletic adj.擅长运动的；健壮的athlete n运动员，运动选手disagreement n. 分歧，争论，意见不agreement n(反义词)同意，一致；协议disagreev.不同意amusement n. 娱乐，消遣amuse v给提供娱乐amused adj.被逗乐的amusing adj.有趣的；逗笑的security n.平安；安全；安全措施secure adj.安全的，有把握的；稳固的，坚固的 vt.获得；使安全horrible adj.极坏

3、的，糟糕的；恐怖的，令人震惊的horrify v.使恐怖hopeless adj.没有好转希望的；无望的hopeful adj. 有希望的；有望的hope v.希望sensitive adj.敏感的；体贴的sense v.意识到；感觉 n. 感觉；意识admit vt. & vi. 承认；允许进入，接纳admission n.接纳；准许入学/会；承认短语英语汉语意义英语汉语意义get along with与某人相处be cautious about 对小心keep ones word信守诺言thanks to/as a result of 幸亏，由于get through(用电话)接通be/f

4、eel ashamed of 对感到惭愧regardless of不管，不顾be proud of/take pride in以为自豪rely on依靠，依赖be determined to do/determine to do sth.下定决心去做某事spy on暗中监视，窥探stare at 盯着看keep pace with(与)步调一致make friends with sb.与交朋友before long不久，很快accuse sb. of sth.指责某人做了某事be based on以为根据，以为基础cant help doing sth.情不自禁做某事end up(with)最

5、后成为；最终处于(以为结束)share with与分享thanks to幸亏；由于look back on回顾、回忆含重点词汇的教材原句(划线部分)1.【教材原句】Afterwards, I pretended to be cheerful, but Hannah sensed something was wrong. (P2)后来，我假装很开心，但汉娜还是觉察到哪儿有点不对劲。2.【教材原句】We went to wash our hands in the girls washroom before lunch and I admitted how badly I had done. (P2

6、)午饭前，我们一起去了洗手间洗手，我承认了自己的成绩很糟糕。3.【教材原句】The other team was superb and we really had to focus. (P3)我们的对手很厉害，我们必须得集中精力。4.【教材原句】I wasdeterminedto win, but Matthew was playing badly. (P3)我一心要赢，但马修打得很差。5.【教材原句】Since we argued, he hasnt spoken to me even though we sit next to each other in class. （P3）自从我们争吵

7、后，他再也没和我说话，即使我们在班上挨着坐。6.【教材原句】The things he said hurt me too, but he has not apologizedto me.(P3)他说的话伤了我的心，但他还没向我道歉。7.【教材原句】I told my brother about the quarrel，but he said Mattew is just too sensitive and perhaps a little bitter.(P3)我把吵架的事告诉了哥哥，但他说马修只是太敏感，可能还有一点嫉妒8.【教材原句】We will listen to your probl

8、ems and offer you practical advice on how to overcome them.(P13)我们将听你的问题并且就怎么克服它们给你提供很实用的建议。9.【教材原句】One or two good friends are better than 100 acquaintances. (P15) 一两个好朋友胜过一百个熟人。10.【教材原句】When asked, they usually hesitatebefore responding. (P18)当被问及时，他们通常都要先犹豫一会儿再回答。11.【教材原句】Because I am a friend, I

9、 have had to learn patience and mercy. (P19)因为我是一位朋友，我必须学会耐心和怜悯。12.【教材原句】, and told her we werent going to be friends any more because she couldnt keep her word. (P 2)，并且告诉她，我们不再是朋友了，因为她不守诺言。13.【教材原句】Our lines can get very busy, but please keep trying and you will soon get through.（P13）我们的电话可能会很忙，请不

10、断尝试，你不久就会拨通的。14.【教材原句】The qualities that boys and girls consider important in a friend seem to be the same, regardless ofthe basis of these friendships. (P18)无论男孩和女孩友谊的基础是什么，他们所看重的朋友身上的品质似乎是一样的。15.【教材原句】Friendship means having someone I can rely on. (P19)友谊意味着我有一个可以信赖的人。二、经典句型 考点-3. that引导宾语从句时的省略问题

11、【教材原句】I told my brother about the quarrel, but he said Mathew is just too sensitive and perhaps a little bitter because I am really athletic and good at football, and that I had better find another friend.(P3)我告诉了哥哥我们争吵的事，哥哥说，马修可能就是太敏感，而且也许还有一点点过激，因为我确实很有运动天赋，而且擅长足球，哥哥还说我最好另找一个朋友。 三、语法自主复习复习本单元的Gram

12、mar and usage：动词不定式和动名词。动词不定式一、不定式的基本形式和结构非谓语时态语态复合结构否定式主动被动不定式一般式to doto be donefor sb. to do sth. 或of sb. to do sth.在“to”前加not或never进行式to have doneto have been done完成式to be doing/完成进行式to have been doing/ 注一：时态反映的是动词不定式与句子谓语所发生时间先后的关系； He is said to go abroad for further study next year.据说他明年要出国留学。

13、 He is said to have gong abroad for further study. 据说他已经出国留学去了。 He pretended to be reading when his mother came in.妈妈进来时，他假装在读书。 语态反映的是动词不定式与句子主语或是其修饰的词或是其逻辑主语之间的关系。 He said he was glad to have been invited here for a visit.他说被邀请到这儿来访问很高兴。 He refused to be sent there. 他拒绝被派往那儿。 注二：两种复合结构的用法：1.形容词+fo

14、r + 名词或代词 + 动词不定式形容词通常表示事物的性质It is necessary for you to finish the work before Friday.你们有必要在星期五前做完这项工作。His idea is for us to travel in different cars.他的主意是让我们乘不同的车去旅游。 二、不定式的句法功能功能用法例句作主语动词不定式可以起名词的作用，这时谓语动词常用单数形式，当不定式较长时，往往用it代替不定式作形式主语。遵守法律是每个人的职责。To obey the laws is everybodys duty. 眼见为实。To see i

15、s to believe. 在山区开车很困难。Its very difficult to drive in the mountains.作表语动词不定式作表语表示主语的职业、职责或性质等。这项计划旨在促进两国之间的了解。The plan is to promote the understanding between the two countries.作宾语动词不定式可以充当部分及物动词(短语)或介词的宾语，常放在动词afford，agree，apply，ask，arrange，choose，decide，fail，forget，hate，help，hope，intend，promise，st

16、art，want，wish等后面作宾语。我希望很快见到你。I hope to see you soon. 我决定这周日去购物。I decide to go shopping this Sunday. 我向她挥手，但没引起她的注意。I waved to her but failed to attract her attention. 他除了等待，别无选择。He had no choice but to wait.作定语动词不定式作定语时，需放在其修饰的名词或代词之后，通常与其所修饰的名词或代词之间存在着一定的逻辑关系。他是一个很好共事的人。He is a pleasant fellow to w

17、ork with.没有什么可担心的。There is nothing to worry about.他总是第一个回答问题的人。He is always the first to answer the questions.作宾语补足语动词不定式可在句中充当宾语补足语，而且常作下列动词的宾语补足语：ask，request，tell，invite，force，get，cause，wish，prefer，want，expect，encourage，advise，persuade，allow等。作状语动词不定式作状语可表示目的、结果或原因。在此项目中与你们合作，我们将非常高兴。Well be very

18、happy to cooperate with you in the project.作插入语常用插入语：to tell you the truth，to make things worse，to be brief，to be frank，to be sure等。说实语，你儿子在入学考试中失败了。To tell you the truth，your son failed in the entrance examinations.当然，我们能做好这件事。To be sure，we can do it well.三、不定式的省略用法例句为了避免重复，在hope，wish，want，like，lov

19、e，plan，need，mean，forget等词后出现与前面相同的不定式时，常保留不定式符号to，而把其他部分省略；但不定式的完成式中的have和一般式中的to be不可省略。中国再也不是它过去的样子。China is no longer what it used to be. 我去了那儿，因为我想去。I went there，because I wanted to.在使役动词let，make，have和感官动词(词组)feel， see，watch，notice，hear，listen to后面作宾语补足语时，不定式符号to要省略，但当变成被动语态时，不定式符号to要加上。这位老师经常让他

20、的学生在课堂上大声朗读。The teacher often has his students read aloud in class. 他被迫一天工作十二个多小时。He was made to work more than twelve hours a day.当两个不定式由and，or，except，but，than，rather than等连接时，通常第二个不定式符号to要省略。我决定打电话，不写信了。I am determined to ring rather than write. 除了到地里去干活，什么事他都做。He will do anything but work in the

21、fields.动名词一、动名词的基本形式和结构非谓语时态语态复合结构否定式动名词一般式doingbeing donesb.或sbs doing作主语要用sbs doing在前加not特别注意复合结构的否定式： sbs not doingsbs not having done完成式having donehaving been done注一：时态反映的是动名词与句子谓语所发生时间先后的关系； 注二：复合结构的用法： 当动名词短语作主语、宾语或表语时，具有名词特性，其逻辑主语由“名词所有格或形容词性物主代词”表示，放在动名词短语之前。当动名词短语不在句首时，也可由“名词普通格或代词宾格”表示。Hel

22、ens/Her being absent made the teacher very angry. 海伦/她没来上课，让老师很生气。They insisted on my/me speaking at the meeting. 他们坚持要我在会上发言。二、动名词的句法功能功能用法例句作主语动名词可以作主语，这时谓语动词常用单数形式。阅读对于学英语是很重要的。Reading is important for learning English.作表语动名词作表语常表示主语的内容。那个工人的工作是清洁房间。The workers work is cleaning the room.作宾语动名词可作动

23、词的宾语，也可作介词的宾语。常放在suggest，advise，consider，admit，allow，appreciate，enjoy，finish，risk，escape，practise，resist，quit，miss，pardon，forbid，delay，imagine，avoid等动词后。他建议试一试。He suggested having a try. 他考虑做个新的决定。He considered making a new decision.我什么都不想吃。I dont feel like eating anything.我期待收到他的信。Im looking forwar

24、d to hearing from him.作定语动名词作定语表示物体的性质或用途。我给父母买了一台洗衣机。I bought a washing machine for my parents.三、动名词与不定式作动词宾语时的区别1.一般来说，不定式表示一次的、具体的动作；动名词表示长期的、经常的行为。我喜欢游泳但我今天不想游泳。I like swimming but I dont like to swim today.3.跟在like，dislike，hate，prefer，love后。like，love，hate与prefer等动词后接不定式和动名词含义差别不大，但略有不同。【注意】在wou

25、ld like，would love，would prefer等后面，通常用动词不定式。我很想天天见到你。I would love to see you every day.4.forget，remember，regret，mean，try，stop，go on等动词(短语)后接不定式和动名词时含义不同。当他离开时忘了关门。He forgot to close the door when he left.我永远忘不了我第一次获得金牌。I will never forget winning my first gold medal.我抱歉地告诉你，你被解雇了。I regret to tell you that you are fired.我后悔告诉了他真相。I regret telling him the truth.他试图证明他的想法是切实可行的。He tried to prove that his idea was practical.你应该试试吃一些水果。You should try eating some fruit.