职称英语考试综合类A级真题试卷及参考答案.doc

1、2012年职称英语考试综合类A级真题试卷及参考答案 第一部分：词汇选项（第115题，每题1分，共15分）下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语有括号，请为每处括号部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。1. He shifted his position a little in order to (alleviate) the pain in his leg. A.control B. easy C. experience D. suffer2. Our aim was to (update) the health service, and we succeeded. A.offer B. provide

2、C. modernize D. fund3. She moves from one (exotic) location to another. A.unusual B. familiar C. similar D. proper 4. Nothing would (induce) me to vote for him again. A.teach B. help C. discourage D. attract 5. The photographs (evoked) strong memories of our holiday in France. A.refreshed B. stored

3、C. blocked D. erased6. The weather was (crisp) and clear and you could see the mountains fifty miles away. A.hot B. heavy C. fresh D. windy7. Every week the magazine presents the (profile) of a well-known sports personality. A. success B. description C. evidence D. plan8. Her comments about men are

4、(utterly) ridiculous completely. A. slightly B. completely C. partly D. faintly 9. The walls are made of (hollow) concrete blocks. A . big B. empty C. long D. now10. We almost (ran into) a Rolls-Royce that pulled out in front of us without signaling.A. overtook B. hit C. passed D. found 11. When I h

5、eard the noise in the next room, I couldnt resist having a (peep) look. A.chance B. visit C. look D. try12. He has been granted (asylum) in France. A. power B. relief C. protection D. license13. He was (weary) of the constant battle between them. A. fond B. tired C. proud D. afraid14. Newborn babies

6、 can (discriminate) between a mans and a womans voice. A. treat B. distinguish C. express D. analyzes15. All the flats in the building had the same (layout) arrangement.A. color B. size C. function D. arrangement 答案：alleviateease updatemodernize exoticunusual induceattractevokedrefreshed crispfresh

7、profiledescription utterlycompletely hollowempty ran intohit peeplook asylumprotection wearytired discriminatedistinguish layoutarrangement 第二部分：阅读判断（第1622题，每题1分，共7分）下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断；如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。In Sports, Red is the Winning ColorWhen opponen

8、ts of a game are equally matched, the team dressed in red is more likely to win, according to a new study.British anthropologists Russell Hill and Robert Barton of the University of Durham reached that conclusion by studying the outcomes of one-on-one boxing, tae kwon do, Greco-Roman-wresting, and f

9、reestyle-wrestling matches at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece.In each event Olympic staff randomly assigned red or blue clothing or body protection to competitors. When otherwise equally matched with their opponent in fitness and skill, athletes wearing red were more likely to win the bou

10、t.Where there was a large point differencepresumably because one contestant was far superior to the othercolor had no effect on the outcome, Barton said. Where there was a small point difference, the effect of color was sufficient to tip the balance.In equally matched bouts, the preponderance of red

11、 wins was great enough that it could not be attributed to chance, the anthropologists say. Hill and Barton found similar results in a review of the colors worn at the Euro 2004 international soccer tournament. Their report will be published in tomorrows issue of the journal Nature.Joanna Setchell, a

12、 primate researcher at the University of Cambridge in England, has found similar results in nature. Her work with the large African monkeys known as mandrills shows that red coloration gives males an advantage when it comes to mating.The finding that red also has an advantage in human sporting event

13、s does not surprise her, addding that the idea of the study is very clever.Hill and Barton got the idea for their study out of a mutual interest in the evolution of sexual signals in primatesred seems to be the color, across species, that signals male dominance and testosterone levels, Barton said.F

14、or example, studies by Setchell, the Cambridge primate researcher, show that dominant male mandrills have increased red coloration in their faces and rumps. Another study by other scientists shows that red plastic rings experimentally placed on the legs of male zebra finches increase the birds domin

15、ance.Barton said he and Hill speculated some speculated that there might be a similar effect in humans. And if so, it could be apparent in sporting contests.The pair say their results indicate that sexual selection may have influenced the evolution of humans response to color.Setchell, the primatolo

16、gist, agrees. As Hill and Barton say, humans redden when we are angry and pale when were scared. These are very important signals to other individuals, she said.The advantage of red may be intuitively known, judging from the prevalence of red uniforms in sportsthough it is clearly not very widely ap

17、preciated, on a conscious level at least, Barton said.He adds that the finding of reds advantage might have implications for regulations that govern sporting attire. In the Olympic matches he surveyed for the new study, for example, it is possible some medal winners may have reached the pedestal wit

18、h an unintended advantage.That is the implication, though we cannot say that it made the difference in any one specific case, Barton said.Meanwhile, Setchell notedtongue-in-cheekthat a red advantage may not be limited to sports. Going by the recent U.S. election results, red is indeed quite successf

19、ul, she said. 16. Both Hill and Barton wanted to find out if color affects the outcome of sports matched.17. Hill and Barton are both interested in primates.18. Male mandrills use yellow coloration to attract a mate.19. Red is not an advantage for zebra finches.20. The red plastic rings were left on

20、 the finches permanently.21. Hill and Barton believe athletes in red are more likely to win.22. Many athletes oppose the new regulations on sports uniforms.答案：16. Both Hill and Barton wanted to find out if color affects the outcomes of sports matches.答案为A(right).相关句：They (Hill and Barton) reached th

21、e conclusion by studying the outcomes of boxingThe outcomes 回应上文中提到的“the team dressed in red is more likely to win”17. Hill and Barton are both interested in primates(灵长目).答案为A(right).相关句：Hill and Barton got the idea for the study from a mutual interest in primates.18. Male mandrills use yellow colo

22、ration to attract a mate.答案为B(wrong).相关句：Red coloration gives males an advantage when it comes to mating.19. Red is not an advantage for Zebra finches(斑胸草雀).答案为B(wrong).相关句：Scientists put red plastic rings on the legs of male Zebra females, which increased the birds success in finding a mate.20. The

23、 red plastic rings were left on the finches permanently.答案为C（not mentioned）.21. Hill and Barton believe athletes in red are more likely to win.答案为A(right).相关句：Across a range of sports, we find that wearing red is consistently associated with a higher probability of winning.22. Many athletes oppose t

24、he new regulations on sport uniforms.答案为C(not mentioned)相关句：the discovery of reds advantage might lead to new regulations on sports uniforms. 第三部分：概括大意和完成句子（第2330题，每题1分，共8分）下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第2326题要求从所给的6个选项中为指定段落每段选择1个小标题；（2）第2730题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。How technology pushes down price The Treaty

25、of Breda, signed in 1667 after a war between the English and Dutch in which the English were worsted, gave the Dutch the big prize: Run, a small island in the Indonesian archipelago which was the worlds principal source of nutmeg. The margin on nutmeg at the time was around 3,200%. The English, as a

26、 consolation prize, got Manhattan. As an illustration of the long-term fall in food prices compared with other goods, that is a sharp one. But deflation has characterized the food business for centuries, because of continual advances in food production and distribution technology. Consumers have ben

27、efited greatly from those advances. Malthusians, whose descendants until quite recently predicted that the world would run out of food, have thereby been confounded. More and more food is being produced by fewer and fewer people with less and less capital; it is therefore ever more plentiful and che

28、aper. Since demand is to some extent limited by the size of peoples stomachs, spending on food compared with other goods has been falling for many years, and continues to drop (see chart 4). Genetically modified (GM) seeds are the latest manifestation of a production revolution that started with Cha

29、rles “Turnip” Townsend, who in the 18th century laid the basis for crop rotation. Organic fertilisers were replaced by chemical ones in the 19th century. The railway opened up the American mid-west. The horse replaced the cow, the combine harvester the horse. After the second world war, dwarf variet

30、ies of wheat and rice (which overcame the problem that heavily fertilised crops in hot countries grew too tall and fell over) boosted developing-country output. The “green revolution” helped trigger a more recent “livestock revolution”, documented by Chris Delgado, who works jointly for the International Food Policy Researc