牛津译林英语7年级上册各单元语法知识汇总及练习.docx

1、牛津译林英语7年级上册各单元语法知识汇总及练习牛津译林英语7年级上册各单元语法知识汇总及练习Unit 1 动词Be的一般现在时be动词有人称和数方面的变化。对于动词be，不管是在肯定句、否定句还是一般疑问句中都起着非常重要的作用。下面分别介绍动词be的一些特定用法。一、be动词的意义动词be (am, is, are)说明身份、年龄、状态等I am a student. I am 13 years old. Im very healthy. 二、be动词的人称变化：第一人称I，后面的动词用am;第三人称he/she/it, 后面的动词用is;第一人称复数we, 第二人称you, 第三人称复数t

2、hey，后面的动词用are. 如果主语是代词，非正式行文中，Be与前面的主语可以缩写：I am=Im You are=Youre She is=Shes He is=Hes It is=Its We are=Were They are=Theyre非正式行文中，is/are 与not可以缩写。例：is not=isnt are not=arent主要句式： 1. 肯定句式 主语be( _ _ _)其他。 2. 否定句式 主语be( _ _ _)not其他。 3. 一般疑问句 将be( _ _ _)提前 ,即:Be( _ _ _)主语其他？（第一人称变为第二人称） 肯定回答：Yes,主语（必须是

3、_词）be( _ _ _)（主语和Be动词不能缩写）否定回答：No,主语（必须是_词）be( _ _ _)not（必须缩写_ _） 肯定：It is a book. 否定：It is not a book. /It isnt a book. I am a student. 否定：I am not a student. /Im not a student. You are my friend. 否定：You are not my friend. /You arent my friend. 一般疑问句：回答一般疑问句时，主语必须是代词肯定：I am a student. 一般疑问：Are you

4、a student? She is from China. 一般疑问：Is she from China? They are nurses. 一般疑问： My book is on the table. 一般疑问： John 是中国人吗？ 一般疑问： 这本书有趣吗？ 一般疑问： 一、用am, is, are 填空 1. I _ a student. 2. You _ a doctor. 3. _she from Jinan? 4. _you American? 5. He _ in Class 4, Grade 1. 6. It_ a car. 7. They _ cars 8. _ your

5、 mother in China? 9. _your friends in New York? 10. What _her name? 11. These _ buses. 12. Those _oranges. 13. Where _ her mother? 14. How old _your teacher? 15. What class _ you in? 16. I _ a boy. _ you a boy? No, I _ not. 17. The girl_ Jacks sister. 18. The dog _ tall and fat. 19. The man with big

6、 eyes _ a teacher. 20. _ your brother in the classroom? 21. Where _ your mother? She _ at home. 22. How _ your father? 23. Mike and Liu Tao _ at school. 24. Whose dress _ this? 25. Whose socks _ they? 26. That _ my red skirt. 27. Who _ I? 28. The jeans _ on the desk. 29. Here _ a scarf for you. 30.

7、Here _ some sweaters for you. 31. The black gloves _ for Su Yang. 32. This pair of gloves _ for Yang Ling. 二、在下面的短文中填上恰当的be动词。 I _ a girl. My name _ Mary. I _ in Class 2, Grade 7. I _ 12 years old. Here _ my family photo. Look! These _ my parents and those _ my grandparents. This boy _ my brother. H

8、e _ 15 years old now. That _ my cat, Mimi. It _ very lovely. Unit 2 行为动词的一般现在时 什么情况下用行为动词的一般现在时呢？当这个动作经常发生或表示习惯性的动作时，通常用一般现在时，它经常与表示频度的时间状语连用，如，当句子中有every day, every year ,on Sunday, in the morning ,often, sometimes, usually, at one oclock,等词时，用一般现在时。 He gets up at 6 oclock. She usually watches TV i

9、n the evening. Sometimes he goes to school by car. Tom often flies a kite on Sunday. 表示目前的爱好、能力等。She sings very well. 表示不受时限的客观事实。Fish live in water. 只有第三人称单数动词才要变，其他人称（I, you ,we ,they）则用动词的原形。当主语是第三人称单数时，行为动词的一般现在时通常有三种变化： 1、多数在动词后加s。playplays likelikes readreads singsings dancedances cookcooks lo

10、oklooks 2、 以s，x，sh，ch，o结尾的动词加es。 gogoes wash-washes watch-watches catch-catches do-does 3、 以辅音字母加y结尾，把y改i再加es。flyflies studystudies try-tries 4、特殊变化 have-has写出下列动词的正确形式： 1. I (go) to school at seven in the morning. 2. Mike (do) his homework at eight in the evening. 3. His father often (read) books i

11、n the library on Saturday. 4. My mother usually (watch) TV plays at home. 5. My cousin sometimes (play) cards with me. 6. you often (study ) after school?Yes , I do. 7. Mike and Tom usually (fly) kites on Sunday. 8. They (go) to school by bus every day. 9. She (go) to school by bus every day. 10. We

12、 usually (listen) to the radio in the morning. 11. He usually (listen) to the radio in the morning. 12. he usually (listen) to the music at home? No, he 主要句式： 一、 否定句：一般现在时的否定式是在动词原形前加助动词do not (dont )；主语是第三人称单数时在动词原形前加助动词does not (doesnt)，其结构为：1）主语 + dont+ 动词原形 They dont work here. I dont go to scho

13、ol on Sundays. 2）主语(第三人称单数)+ doesnt+ 动词原形 She doesnt like sports. The boy doesnt study hard. 注意*：如句中用了never（从不），hardly（很少、几乎不）等词来表示否定意义，就不能再使用助动词dont 或doesnt , 试比较：I dont know you. I hardly know you. I dont hardly know you. 二、疑问句： 一般现在时的疑问式在句首加助动词do, 主语为第三人称单数时在句首加does,其结构是：1）Do + 主语+ 动词原形? They liv

14、e near our school. Do they live near our school? The students like learning English. Do the students like learning English? 2)Does + 主语（第三人称单数）+ 动词原形? He watches TV every evening. Does he watch TV every evening? My father teaches Chinese. Does your father teach Chinese?简略回答用助动词do/does 和dont/doesnt 代

15、替行为动词。疑问句的回答：Do you often go shopping with your mother?Yes, I do. /No, I dont. Does his mother work in that factory?Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt. (回答时须用人称代词) 注意：在疑问句和否定句中，助动词之后的行为动词均用原形。区分动词do和助动词do的用法(do既是助动词，又是行为动词)，比较下面两个句子：I do not do homework on Saturday. Do you do housework at home? 1)do 用作

16、行为动词一般表示“做”、“干”等意思， We do morning exercises every day. Jack often does some washing on Sundays. She never does her homework in the evening. 2)do用作助动词主要用来帮助构成疑问句、否定句或用于替代等。 Do you drive to work every day?(帮助构成疑问句) He doesnt work on Sundays. (帮助构成否定句) Does he like the job? Yes, he does. (用于替代)写出下列动词在句

17、中的适当形式：1）We _ (love) sports. 2）She _ (sing) well. 3）Tom and John _ (watch) TV every evening. 4）My son _ (go) to school by bike. 5）Their teacher usually _ (walk) to school. 6）Five plus two _ (make) seven. 7）They all _ (like) him. 8）The sun _ (fall) in the west. 将下列句子改为否定句和疑问句：1）They work in a factory

18、. 否定句： 疑问句： 2）Mary likes sports. 否定句： 疑问句： 3）The boys go to school on foot. 否定句： 疑问句： 4）His father and mother like watching TV. 否定句： 疑问句： 5）She does her homework in the evening. 否定句： 疑问句： 6）The students do morning exercises every day. 否定句： 疑问句： Unit 3 人称代词人称代词在句中的作用 主格常位于句首，宾格一般在动词或者介词之后。1）主格作主语。表示谁

19、怎么样了、干什么了。I am a teacher. You are student. He is a student, too. We/You/They are students. 2）宾格作宾语。表示动作行为的对象Give it to me. Whats wrong with it?人称代词用法口诀： 动前主格动后宾 名前形容介后宾 如果名词含在内 选用名物代就行代词练习一、选出括号中正确的词，在正确的词上打勾。1. This is（my / I）mother. 2. Nice to meet （your / you）. 3. （He / His）name is Mark. 4. Whats

20、（she / her）name?5. Excuse（me / my / I）. 6. Are（your / you）Miss Li?7. （I/ My）am Ben. 8. （She / Her）is my sister. 9. Fine , thank （your / you）. 10. How old is （he / his）二、用所给代词的正确形式填空。1. These are _ ( he ) brothers. 2. That is _( she ) sister. 3. Tom, this is _ ( me ) cousin, Mary. 4. Now _(her parent

21、) are in America. 5. Those _ ( child ) are _ ( I ) fathers students. 6. Do you know _ ( it ) name?7. Mike and Tom _ ( be ) friends. 8. Thanks for helping _( I ). Unit 4表示时间的介词（in/on/at）in时间范围大（一天以上）如：in January, in winter, in 1999;泛指在上午，下午，晚上，如：in the morning(afternoon, evening). 习惯用法：in the daytime

22、 在白天。 on指在某一天或某一天的上午，下午，晚上，如：on Monday, on Sunday afternoon, on July 1, 1999 at时间最短，一般表示点时间，如at six oclock, at three thirty. 习惯用法：at night, at noon, at this time of year. in, on和at在表达时间方面的区别 in 表示在某年、某季节、某月、某周、某天和某段时间 in a year在一年中 in spring 在春季 in September 在九月 in a week 在一周中 in the morning/afterno

23、on/evening 在上午/下午/傍晚 但在中午，在夜晚则用at noon/night on 表示某一天或某一天的某段时间 on Monday 在周一 on Monday afternoon 在周一下午 on March 7th 在3月7日 on March 7th, 1998. 在1998年3月7日 on the morning of March 7th, 1998. 在1998年3月7日上午 at 表示某个具体时刻。 at eight oclock 在8点钟 at this time of the year 在一年中的这个时候 at the moment 在那一时刻 at that ti

24、me 在那时 注意：在英语中，如果时间名词前用this, last, next 等修饰时，像这样的表示，“在某时”的时间短语前，并不需要任何介词。 例如：last month, last week, this year, this week, next year, the next day, the next year等。介词用于例如in一天中的早中晚in the morning/afternoon/evening月份in January/February. . . . . . 季节in spring/summer/autumn/winter年in 2008/2012on 星期on Sunda

25、y/Monday/Tuesday. . . . . . 某一天on 1st September某一天的早中晚on a cold morning/afternoon/evening特定的节日（某一天）on Childrens Dayat节日不止一天，而是持续一段时间at Christmas/at the Spring Festival某一时刻at 4:15年龄at 12(years old)口诀：at用在时刻前，亦与正午、午夜连， 黎明、终止和开端，at与之紧接着相伴。 周月季年长时间，in须放在其前面， 泛指一晌和傍晚，也要放在in后边。 on指特定某一天，日期、星期和节日前 某天上下和夜晚，

26、依然要在on后站。今明昨天前后天，上下这那每之前， at、in、on都不用，此乃习惯记心间。练 习一、用介词in，on，at填空（一）_1999 _9:45 _the evening _Monday evening _June _the afternoon_noon _night _Childrens Day _TeachersDay _8 oclock _Summer _May _May,1999 _May15th,1999（二）1. Her birthday is _March 14th. 2. Do you have a party _September 10th. 3. My fath

27、er is birthday is _August. 4. We have our School Day _nine o clock. 5. I do my homework _Sunday. 6. Hewasbor_1992. 7. It happened _December 12th, 1980. 8. I met him _September，2000. 二、选择( ) 1. Children get gifts _ Christmas and _ their birthdays. A. on; on B. at; on C. in; in D. in; on( ) 2. There i

28、s nothing _tomorrow afternoon, is there? No. We can have a game of table tennis. A. on B. in C. out D. up( ) 3. A lot of students in our school were born _ March, 1981. A. in B. at C. on D. since( ) 4. He suddenly returned_ a rainy night. A. on B. at C. in D. during( ) 5. My grandfather was born _ Oct. 10, 1935. A. on B. in C. at D. of( ) 6. The train is starting _ five minutes. A. in B. at C. for D. still( ) 7. Mike does his exercises _ seven _ the evening. A. on; to B. at; in C. by; of D. at;