语言学复习题及答案.docx

1、语言学复习题及答案1. Language is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for human _A. contact B. communication C. relation D. community2.Study the following dialogue. What function does it play according to the functions of language? A nice day, isnt it? Right! I really enjoy the sunlight. A. Emotive B. Ph

2、atic C. Performative D. Interpersonal3._ refers to the actual realization of the ideal language usersknowledge of the rules of his language in utterances. A. Performance B. Competence C. Langue D. Parole4._ deals with language application to other fields, particularly education. A. Linguistic theory

3、 B. Practical linguisticsC. Applied linguistics D. Comparative linguistics5. _ answers such questions as how we as infants acquire our first language. A. Psycholinguistics linguisticsC. Sociolinguistics D. Applied linguistics6. Pitch variation is known as _ when its patterns are imposed on sentences

4、. A. intonation B. tone C. pronunciation D. voice7. Conventionally a _ is put in slashes (/ /). A. allophone B. phone C. phoneme D. morpheme8. An aspirated p, an unaspirated p and an unreleased p are _ of the p phoneme. A. analogues B. tagmemes C. morphemes D. allophones9. The opening between the vo

5、cal cords is sometimes referred to as _. A. glottis B. vocal cavity C. pharynx D. uvula10. The diphthongs that are made with a movement of the tongue towards the center are known as _ diphthongs. A. wide B. closing C. narrow D. centering11. A phoneme is a group of similar sounds called _. A. minimal

6、 pairs B. allomorphs C. phones D. allophones12. Which branch of phonetics concerns the production of speech sounds? A. Acoustic phonetics B. Articulatory phonetics C. Auditory phonetics D. None of the above13. Which one is different from the others according to places of articulation? A. n B. m C. b

7、 D. p14. Which vowel is different from the others according to the characteristics of vowels? A. i: B. u C. e D. i 15. What kind of sounds can we make when the vocal cords are vibrating? A. Voiceless B. Voiced C. Glottal stop D. Consonant16. Nouns, verbs and adjectives can be classified as _. A. lex

8、ical words B. grammatical words C. function words D. form words17. Morphemes that represent tense, number, gender and case are called _ morpheme. A. inflectional B. free C. bound D. derivational18. There are _ morphemes in the word denationalization. A. three B. four C. five D. six19. In English ise

9、 and tion are called _. A. prefixes B. suffixes C. infixes D. stems20. The three subtypes of affixes are: prefix, suffix and _. A. derivational affix B. inflectional affix C. infix D. back-formation21. _ is a way in which new words may be formed from already existing words by subtracting an affix wh

10、ich is thought to be part of the old word. A. affixation B. back-formation C. insertion D. addition22. The word TB is formed in the way of _. A. acronymy B. clipping C. initialism D. blending23. The words like comsat and sitcom are formed by _. A. blending B. clipping C. back-formation D. acronymy24

11、. The stem of disagreements is _. A. agreement B. agree C. disagree D. disagreement25. All of them are meaningful except for _. A. lexeme B. phoneme C. morpheme D. allomorph26. The sentence structure is _. A. only linear B. only hierarchical C. complex D. both linear and hierarchical 27. The syntact

12、ic rules of any language are _ in number. A. large B. small C. finite D. infinite 28. The _ rules are the rules that group words and phrases to form grammatical sentences. A. lexical B. morphological C. linguistic D. combinational 29. A sentence is considered _ when it does not conform to the gramma

13、tical knowledge in the mind of native speakers. A. right B. wrong C. grammatical D. ungrammatical 30. A _ in the embedded clause refers to the introductory word that introduces the embedded clause. A. coordinator B. particle C. preposition D. subordinator 31. Phrase structure rules have _ properties

14、. A. recursive B. grammatical C. social D. functional 32. Phrase structure rules allow us to better understand _. A. how words and phrases form sentences. B. what constitutes the grammaticality of strings of words C. how people produce and recognize possible sentences D. all of the above.33. The hea

15、d of the phrase “the city Rome” is _. A. the city B. Rome C. city D. the city Rome34. The phrase “on the shelf” belongs to _ construction. A. endocentric B. exocentric C. subordinate D. coordinate35. The sentence “They were wanted to remain quiet and not to expose themselves.” is a _ sentence. A. si

16、mple B. coordinate C. compound D. complex36. The naming theory is advanced by _. A. Plato B. Bloomfield C. Geoffrey Leech D. Firth 37. “Can I borrow your bike?”_ “You have a bike.” A. is synonymous with B. is inconsistent with C. entails D. presupposes 38. _ is a way in which the meaning of a word c

17、an be dissected into meaning components, called semantic features. A. Predication analysis B. Componential analysis C. Phonemic analysis D. Grammatical analysis 39. “Alive” and “dead” are _. A. gradable antonyms B. relational antonymsC. complementary antonyms D. None of the above 40. _ deals with th

18、e relationship between the linguistic element and the non-linguistic world of experience. A. Reference B. Concept C. Semantics D. Sense 41. _ refers to the phenomenon that words having different meanings have the same form. A. Polysemy B. Synonymy C. Homonymy D. Hyponymy 42. Words that are close in

19、meaning are called _. A. homonyms B. polysemies C. hyponyms D. synonyms 43. What essentially distinguishes semantics and pragmatics is whether in the study of meaning _ is considered. A. reference B. speech act C. practical usage D. context 44. A sentence is a _ concept, and the meaning of a sentenc

20、e is often studied in isolation. A. pragmatic B. grammatical C. mental D. conceptual 45. If we think of a sentence as what people actually utter in the course of communication, it becomes a (n) _. A. constative B. directive C. utterance D. expressive 46. Speech act theory did not come into being unt

21、il _. A. in the late 50s of the 20the century B. in the early 1950s C. in the late 1960s D. in the early 21st century 47. _ is the act performed by or resulting from saying something; it is the consequence of, or the change brought about by the utterance. A. A locutionary act B. An illocutionary act

22、 C. A perlocutionary act D. A performative act 48. _ is a branch of grammar which studies the internal structure of words and the rules by which words are formed. 49. A. SyntaxB. Grammar C. MorphologyD. Morpheme50. _ are often thought to be the smallest meaningful units of language by the linguists.

23、 A. WordsB. Morphemes C. Phonemes D. Sentences 51. “-s” in the word “books” is_.52. A. a derivative affixB. a stem C. an inflectional affix D. a root 53.Bound morphemes are classified into two types: _ affix _ and _bound root_.54. The theory of _ condition explains the fact that noun phrases appear

24、only in subject and object positions.55. _ refers to the phenomenon that words having different meanings have the same form. A. Polysemy B. Synonymy C. Homonymy D. Hyponymy 56. The grammaticality of a sentence is governed by _. A. grammatical rules B. selectional restrictions C. semantic rules D. semantic features57. What essentially distinguishes semantics and pragmatics is whether in the study of meaning _ is considered. A. reference B. speech act C. practical usage D. context 58.A sentence is a _ concept, and the meaning of a sentence is often studied in isolation.