语言学复习题及答案.docx

语言学复习题及答案.docx

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语言学复习题及答案

1.  Languageisasystemofarbitraryvocalsymbolsusedforhuman    

    __________

A.contact    B.communication    C.relation      D.community

2.  Studythefollowingdialogue.Whatfunctiondoesitplayaccordingtothefunctionsoflanguage?

      —Aniceday,isn’tit?

      —Right!

Ireallyenjoythesunlight.

    A.Emotive      B.Phatic    C.Performative    D.Interpersonal

3.  __________referstotheactualrealizationoftheideallanguageuser’s  knowledgeoftherulesofhislanguageinutterances.

      A.Performance  B.Competence    C.Langue      D.Parole

4.  __________dealswithlanguageapplicationtootherfields,particularlyeducation.

  A.Linguistictheory            B.Practicallinguistics

  C.Appliedlinguistics            D.Comparativelinguistics

5.  __________answerssuchquestionsashowweasinfantsacquireourfirstlanguage.

  A.Psycholinguistics  linguistics

C.Sociolinguistics    D.Appliedlinguistics

6.      Pitchvariationisknownas__________whenitspatternsareimposedonsentences.

      A.intonation  B.tone    C.pronunciation          D.voice

7.      Conventionallya__________isputinslashes（//）.

      A.allophone      B.phone      C.phoneme      D.morpheme

8.      Anaspiratedp,anunaspiratedpandanunreleasedpare__________ofthepphoneme.

      A.analogues    B.tagmemes    C.morphemes    D.allophones

9.      Theopeningbetweenthevocalcordsissometimesreferredtoas

    __________.

      A.glottis      B.vocalcavity      C.pharynx          D.uvula

10.      Thediphthongsthataremadewithamovementofthetonguetowardsthecenterareknownas__________diphthongs.

      A.wide    B.closing  C.narrow        D.centering

11.      Aphonemeisagroupofsimilarsoundscalled__________.

      A.minimalpairs      B.allomorphs  C.phones    D.allophones

12.      Whichbranchofphoneticsconcernstheproductionofspeechsounds?

      A.Acousticphonetics        B.Articulatoryphonetics

      C.Auditoryphonetics        D.Noneoftheabove

13.      Whichoneisdifferentfromtheothersaccordingtoplacesofarticulation?

      A.[n]      B.[m]        C.[b]          D.[p]

14.      Whichvowelisdifferentfromtheothersaccordingtothecharacteristicsofvowels?

      A.[i:

]        B.[u]          C.[e]        D.[i]

15.      Whatkindofsoundscanwemakewhenthevocalcordsarevibrating?

      A.Voiceless      B.Voiced    C.Glottalstop      D.Consonant

16.      Nouns,verbsandadjectivescanbeclassifiedas__________.

      A.lexicalwords      B.grammaticalwords  

  C.functionwords        D.formwords

17.      Morphemesthatrepresenttense,number,genderandcasearecalled__________morpheme.

      A.inflectional    B.free      C.bound        D.derivational

18.      Thereare__________morphemesintheworddenationalization.

      A.three      B.four        C.five        D.six

19.      InEnglish–iseand–tionarecalled__________.

      A.prefixes    B.suffixes    C.infixes          D.stems

20.      Thethreesubtypesofaffixesare:

prefix,suffixand__________.

    A.derivationalaffix  B.inflectionalaffix    C.infix    D.back-formation

21.      __________isawayinwhichnewwordsmaybeformedfromalreadyexistingwordsbysubtractinganaffixwhichisthoughttobepartoftheoldword.

      A.affixation  B.back-formation      C.insertion      D.addition

22.      ThewordTBisformedinthewayof__________.

      A.acronymy      B.clipping    C.initialism      D.blending

23.      Thewordslikecomsatandsitcomareformedby__________.

      A.blending    B.clipping    C.back-formation      D.acronymy

24.      Thestemofdisagreementsis__________.

      A.agreement    B.agree      C.disagree    D.disagreement

25.      Allofthemaremeaningfulexceptfor__________.

      A.lexeme    B.phoneme    C.morpheme      D.allomorph

26.  Thesentencestructureis________.

    A.onlylinear                  B.onlyhierarchical

    C.complex                    D.bothlinearandhierarchical

27.  Thesyntacticrulesofanylanguageare____innumber.

    A.large    B.small      C.finite          D.infinite

28.  The________rulesaretherulesthatgroupwordsandphrasestoformgrammaticalsentences.

    A.lexical    B.morphological    C.linguistic  D.combinational

29.  Asentenceisconsidered____whenitdoesnotconformtothegrammaticalknowledgeinthemindofnativespeakers.

    A.right    B.wrong      C.grammatical          D.ungrammatical

30.  A__________intheembeddedclausereferstotheintroductorywordthatintroducestheembeddedclause.

    A.coordinator  B.particle      C.preposition      D.subordinator

31.  Phrasestructureruleshave____properties.

    A.recursive    B.grammatical      C.social      D.functional

32.  Phrasestructurerulesallowustobetterunderstand_____________.

    A.howwordsandphrasesformsentences.

    B.whatconstitutesthegrammaticalityofstringsofwords

    C.howpeopleproduceandrecognizepossiblesentences

    D.alloftheabove.

33.  Theheadofthephrase“thecityRome”is__________.

    A.thecity      B.Rome    C.city          D.thecityRome

34.  Thephrase“ontheshelf”belongsto__________construction.

    A.endocentric  B.exocentric  C.subordinate      D.coordinate

35.  Thesentence“Theywerewantedtoremainquietandnottoexposethemselves.”isa__________sentence.

    A.simple    B.coordinate    C.compound      D.complex

36.  Thenamingtheoryisadvancedby________.

  A.Plato    B.Bloomfield      C.GeoffreyLeech      D.Firth

37.  “CanIborrowyourbike?

”_______“Youhaveabike.”

  A.issynonymouswith              B.isinconsistentwith

    C.entails                          D.presupposes

38.  ___________isawayinwhichthemeaningofawordcanbedissectedintomeaningcomponents,calledsemanticfeatures.

  A.Predicationanalysis        B.Componentialanalysis

    C.Phonemicanalysis        D.Grammaticalanalysis

39.  “Alive”and“dead”are______________.

  A.gradableantonyms                    B.relationalantonyms

  C.complementaryantonyms                D.Noneoftheabove

40.  _________dealswiththerelationshipbetweenthelinguisticelementandthenon-linguisticworldofexperience.

  A.Reference      B.Concept      C.Semantics    D.Sense

41.  ___________referstothephenomenonthatwordshavingdifferentmeaningshavethesameform.

  A.Polysemy    B.Synonymy  C.Homonymy      D.Hyponymy

42.  Wordsthatarecloseinmeaningarecalled______________.

  A.homonyms    B.polysemies    C.hyponyms    D.synonyms

43.  Whatessentiallydistinguishessemanticsandpragmaticsiswhetherinthestudyofmeaning_________isconsidered.

  A.reference      B.speechact    C.practicalusage      D.context

44.  Asentenceisa_________concept,andthemeaningofasentenceisoftenstudiedinisolation.

  A.pragmatic    B.grammatical      C.mental    D.conceptual

45.  Ifwethinkofasentenceaswhatpeopleactuallyutterinthecourseofcommunication,itbecomesa（n）_________.

  A.constative    B.directive    C.utterance      D.expressive

46.  Speechacttheorydidnotcomeintobeinguntil__________.

  A.inthelate50’softhe20thecentury      B.intheearly1950’s

    C.inthelate1960’s                    D.intheearly21stcentury

47.  __________istheactperformedbyorresultingfromsayingsomething;itistheconsequenceof,orthechangebroughtaboutbytheutterance.

  A.Alocutionaryact                        B.Anillocutionaryact

  C.Aperlocutionaryact                    D.Aperformativeact

48._____isabranchofgrammarwhichstudiestheinternalstructureofwordsandtherulesbywhichwordsareformed.

49.A.Syntax               B.Grammar     C.Morphology             D.Morpheme

50.  _____areoftenthoughttobethesmallestmeaningfulunitsoflanguagebythelinguists.

A.Words        B.Morphemes    C.Phonemes      D.Sentences

51.“-s”intheword“books”is  _______.

52.A.aderivativeaffix            B.astem  C.aninflectionalaffix          D.aroot

53.  Boundmorphemesareclassifiedintotwotypes:

___affix____and__boundroot________.

54. Thetheoryof__________conditionexplainsthefactthatnounphrasesappearonlyinsubjectandobjectpositions.

55.___________referstothephenomenonthatwordshavingdifferentmeaningshavethesameform.

  A.Polysemy    B.Synonymy  C.Homonymy      D.Hyponymy

56.  Thegrammaticalityofasentenceisgovernedby_______.

  A.grammaticalrules      B.selectionalrestrictions

  C.semanticrules        D.semanticfeatures

57.  Whatessentiallydistinguishessemanticsandpragmaticsiswhetherinthestudyofmeaning_________isconsidered.

  A.reference      B.speechact    C.practicalusage      D.context

58.  Asentenceisa_________concept,andthemeaningofasentenceisoftenstudiedinisolation.