译林牛津版高中英语必修五Unit 3 Science and nature Section Ⅰ课时训练题附答案解析.docx

1、译林牛津版高中英语必修五Unit 3 Science and nature Section 课时训练题附答案解析2020年高中英语必修五Unit 3 Science and nature Section 课时训练题 阅读理解AThe next generation of artificial intelligence (AI) may be sitting right beneath you，at least if furniture maker Ikea has any say in the matter.The Swedish furniture companys “futurelivin

2、g” research lab in Copenhagen is conducting a survey to understand what people want when it comes to smart furniture.AI is now walking into more aspects of peoples daily lives.Selfdriving cars are just around the corner，and AI robots can play and beat the best players of strategy games.As smart home

3、 technologies have become more ubiquitous，products ranging from smart electrical outlets(插座) to smart smoke alarms are flooding the market.Therefore，its not surprising that Ikea would be moving in the same direction.Exactly why people would want their sofa or bed frame to speak to them，track their d

4、aily movements or offer help is not yet clear.Though Ikeas the new survey doesnt directly answer that question，it does provide a hint of what people would feel comfortable with.Most participants wanted a more humanlike form of virtual(虚拟的) assistant，as opposed to one that is more robotic.In terms of

5、 the ideal gender(性别) of the assistants，the most popular choice was neither male nor female.Few wanted a religious form of AI.Just as with human friends，most wanted AI friends that were like them，affirming their own worldview.They wanted an AI assistant that was reasonably intelligentthat could coll

6、ect data to predict what a person wanted before he or she asked，and that could prevent someone from making mistakes.This is not the first time that Ikea has set foot in the field of futuristic technologies.In addition to wireless charging tables and chainless bikes that never rust(生锈)，the furniture

7、giant has also pictured smart kitchens that can cook the best meals.To decide on how intelligent you want your next sofa or bookshelf to be，you can take Ikeas survey online.【解题导语】人工智能早已走向我们的生活。著名家具生产商宜家公司进行了一项调查，旨在了解现代人的智能家具需求。1The survey carried out by Ikea aims to_Aknow peoples need for smart furn

8、itureBunderstand future lifestyleCpromote the companys smart furnitureDanswer peoples questionsA解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句The Swedish furniture companys “futureliving” research lab.is conducting a survey to understand what people want when it comes to smart furniture.可知，宜家公司开展这一调查的目的是了解人们对于智能家具的需求。2What doe

9、s the underlined word “ubiquitous” in Paragraph 2 mean?ABeautiful. BCommon.CNormal. DEnvironmental.B解析：词义猜测题。联系画线词后一句.products ranging from smart electrical outlets(插座) to smart smoke alarms are flooding the market可知，智能家居产品涌向市场，说明面向家庭的智能科技愈加普遍，可推测“ubiquitous”意为“普遍的”，故选“Common”。3What does Paragraph 3

10、 mainly talk about?AThe differences between robotlike and humanlike assistants.BWhat form of AI assistants people want.CWhat kind of friends people want.DThe popular robots on the market.B解析：段落大意题。根据第三段Most participants wanted a more humanlike form of virtual(虚拟的) assistant. Few wanted a religious f

11、orm of AI.可知，该段主要在讲人们对于人工智能助手的类型要求。4Which of the following products are from Ikea?ASmart sofas that can speak to you.BSmart beds that can track your daily movements.CWireless charging cars.DRustless bikes without chains.D解析： 细节理解题。 根据文章最后一段In addition to wireless charging tables and chainless bikes

12、that never rust(生锈). smart kitchens that can cook the best meals.可知，选项中只有无链条不生锈自行车来自宜家，故选“Rustless bikes without chains.”。BOne day，I received a call from a colleague.He was about to give a student a zero for his answer to a physical problem，while the student claimed a perfect score.I was elected as

13、their arbiter(仲裁人)I read the examination problem，“Show how it is possible to determine the height of a tall building with the aid of a barometer(气压计)”The student had answered，“Take the barometer to the top of the building，attach a long rope to it，lower it to the street，and then bring it up and measu

14、re the length of the rope.The length of it is the height of the building.”The student had really answered the question completely，but the answer didnt confirm his competence in physics.I suggested the student try again.I gave him six minutes to answer the question，warning that the answer should show

15、 some knowledge of physics.Five minutes later，he said he had many answers and dashed off one，which read “Take the barometer to the top of the building and lean over the edge of the roof.Drop the barometer，timing its fall with a stopwatch.Then，use the physical formula(公式)to calculate the height of th

16、e building.”At this point，my colleague had to accept it，and then the student made almost full marks.I couldnt help asking the student what the other answers were.He listed many others，and then added，“Probably the best one is to take the barometer to the administrator and say to him，Sir，here is a fin

17、e barometer.If you tell me the height of the building，I will give it to you.”Then，I asked the student if he really did not know the conventional answer to this question.He admitted that he did，but said that he was fed up with high school and college instructors trying to teach him how to think.The n

18、ame of the student was Bohr who later was famous all over the world.He won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1922.【解题导语】本文主要讲述了一个学生不按老师的要求解答物理题，但最终获得诺贝尔物理学奖的故事。5The student got a zero at the beginning because _Athe teacher wasnt satisfied with himBhis answer wasnt complete or correctCthe teacher didnt f

19、ully understand his answerDhis answer didnt show his knowledge of physicsD解析：细节理解题。从第二段第一句中的“but the answer didnt confirm his competence in physics”可知，这个学生的解题方法没有体现物理方面的知识是他得零分的原因。6We know from the passage that _Athe student knew the expected answerBthe administrator told Bohr the heightCthe author

20、preferred Bohrs last answerDthe teacher was a very stubborn personA解析：细节理解题。从倒数第二段中的“Then，I asked the student if he really did not know the conventional answer to this question.He admitted that he did”可知，这个学生知道被期待的答案是什么。故A项正确。7We can learn from the passage that _Ainstructors can teach students how t

21、o thinkBarbiters can help students to get high scoresCstudents should be given more freedom in thinkingDteachers should make students use physical formulasC解析：推理判断题。从最后两段的内容可知，Bohr富有创造性思维并获得了诺贝尔奖，由此推断文章主张学生应该被允许自由地思考。8What was Bohrs attitude toward his schooling?AOptimistic. BCritical.CApproving. DP

22、essimistic.B解析：观点态度题。从倒数第二段中的“but said that he was fed up with high school and college instructors trying to teach him how to think”可知，Bohr对他接受的教育持批判的态度。CHave you had this experience? You are watching a movie.A man is shooting on the screen.The picture is so real that you think he is shooting at you

23、.Or a car is speeding on the screen and at one point you are afraid that it will hit you.Threedimensional(3D) movies use special technology to make pictures seem more real and exciting than twodimensional ones.The popular movie Avatar uses 3D technology.So far we can only see 3D movies in the cinema

24、 with a special screen and projector(放映机)But soon, we will be able to watch them in our living rooms.Last month, Woods Company told reporters that it plans to bring 3D televisions to homes in the near future.The company is also hoping to make other products with 3D, like laptops and PS3(索尼的家用游戏机)“Th

25、e_3D_train_is_on_the_track,_and_we_are_ready_to_drive_it_home，”said the President.3D movies and TV programs are fun to watch, but do you know how they are made? It is much easier to understand if we do an experiment.Hold one of your fingers up at arms length and close one eye.Then try closing the ot

26、her eye.As you switch between open eyes, you should see your finger “jumping” left and right against the background.This happens because our two eyes are about 4cm away from each other.The separation causes each eye to see the world from a different angle.The brain puts these two views together.What

27、 you see becomes threedimensional.3D movies are made using two video cameras at the same time, which creates two different images.When the movie plays in a cinema, two projectors put the two images on the screen.With a pair of 3D glasses, the two images are separated and each image only enters one e

28、ye.Your brain puts the two pictures back together, and the pictures on the screen become threedimensional.【解题导语】这篇短文主要介绍了3D技术的工作原理。9What does the underlined sentence in the fourth paragraph mean?ATheyve got a train to take 3D movies back home.BThey are not sure about the future of 3D movies.CThey ar

29、e ready to bring 3D technology to home.DThey have no more work to do on 3D technology.C解析：句意理解题。这句话的字面含义是“3D这辆火车已经在轨道上了，我们正准备把它开回家。”联系上一段中的“Last month, Woods Company told reporters that it plans to bring 3D televisions to homes in the near future.”可知此处指的是他们已经准备将3D技术带入个人家庭。故选C。10From the passage, we

30、know that 3D technology _Acreates two different images separatelyBworks in the similar way of eyes seeing thingsCuses special video cameras and screensDcan be very easy to experiment withB解析：细节理解题。根据短文后两段描述可知3D技术和眼睛的工作原理相似。故选B。11The passage is mainly about _Awhat 3D technology needsBwhat 3D movies a

31、reChow 3D movies developDhow 3D technology worksD解析：主旨大意题。根据短文后三段描述可知这篇短文主要讲述了3D技术的工作原理。故选D。12In which page of a newspaper can you most probably read this passage?AScience. BAdvertisement.CNews. DFiction.A解析：文章出处题。这篇短文主要讲述的是3D技术，故我们应该在科学板块看到这一内容。故选A。 七选五The word addiction usually makes you think of alcohol or drugs.1._ Some people are compulsive (难以自制的) shoppers.Others find it impossible to pull themselves away from their work.Still others spend countless hours watching TV or playing computer games.2_ Many people enjoy going to malls or stores more and more every day, but its more than a