大学英语3第二次作业题及答案doc.docx

1、大学英语3第二次作业题及答案doc第2次作业一、阅读理解（本大题共100分，共5小题，每小题20分） 1.Prehistoric men and women enjoyed a more varied diet than people do now, since they ate species of plant and several hundreds thousands types of living things. But only a tiny percentage of these were ever domesticated. Modern shops have hastened

2、a trend towards specialization which began in the earliest days of agriculture. The food of the rich countries has become cheaper relative to wages. It is speedily distributed in supermarkets. But the choice annually becomes less and less great. Even individual foods themselves become more standardi

3、zed. We live in the world of carrot specially blunted in order to avoid making a hole in the bag, and the tomato grown to meet a demand for a standard weight of weighting tomatoes to a kilo. Siri von Reis asks: Only the three major cereals (谷物类食物)and perhaps ten other widely cultivated species stand

4、 between famine and survival for the world s human population and a handful of drug plants has served Western civilization for several thousand years. A rather obvious question arises: Are we missing something?” After all, there are 800 000 species of plant on earth.(1). Tn prehistoric times people.

5、A.ate much more than we do todayB.lived mainly on plant foodC.had a wide-ranging dietD.were more fussy about what they ate(2).Most of us have come to expectA.no variation in our dietB.a reduction in food suppliesC.a specialist dietD.food conforming to a set standard(3). The specialization of food wa

6、s started byA.B.C.D.the emergence of supermarkets the rise of agriculture the rich countries the modern shops （4）.According to the passage, people in the West today survive on.A.carrots and tomatoesB.several thousand types of plants and cerealsc.a very small number of cultivated foodsD. special spec

7、ies planted one thousand years ago（5）. The conclusion seems to be that we.A.could make use of more natural speciesB.dont cultivate the right kind of foodc.produce more food than we needD.cultivate too many different species2.human body is distributed （分布）in two different ways. Some fat people have a

8、 large chest and no waistline（腰身），looking rather like apples. Others are fatter below the waist, looking more like pears.Doctors in Cambridge, England have been examining the relationship between health and fat （脂肪）distribution. They find that the pear- shaped fat people have fewer problems than the

9、 apple-shaped fat people. What seems to be most important is not how much fat you have but where you have it. The doctors measured the apple-shaped women and peai，-shaped women with X-ray scanners （X 光扫描器）.Human beingshave two types of fat:one is outside fat, that is the fat below the skin, and the

10、other is inside fat that lies inside the body. Using the X-ray scanners, the doctors found that the “apples” have a large amount of inside fat.Tf this inside fat is much more than outside fat, it wi11 probably cause heal th problems such as obesi ty (月巴月半症). The best treatment for obesity is to redu

11、ce the inside fat. But unfortunately diet treatment (饮食疗法)simply makes an apple-shaped person into a smaller apple and a pear-shaped person into a smaller pear. At the moment there is no effective way of reducing the inside fat.(1).According to the relation between heal th and fatness A.apple-shaped

12、 fat people have fewer problems than pear-shaped peopleB.it s better to be apple-shaped than to be pear-shapedc.it s better to be pear-shaped than to be apple-shapedD. fatness is the most dangerous enemy to health(2). The most important thing about fat people seems to beA.B.the knowledge of which ty

13、po of the fat people they belong toC.the amount of the outside fat they haveD.the place where they have the fat(3).The basic reason why some people suffer from obesity is that A.they take very little exercise every dayB.they have much more inside fat than is neededc.they are examined by X-ray scanne

14、rs quite oftenD.they eat too much(4).According to what is mentioned in the passage, the best treatment for obesity at present is .A.to reduce the amount of food and drinksB.to make the body shape smallerC.already known to those people in troubleD.still to be found.3.University of Arizona researcher

15、Dr. William Rathji says that after a study based on looking into garbage cans, the average family wastes at least $150 per year in food.Homemakers go out of their way to save pennies at the store and then dont real ize that waste of edible （可食用的）foods adds up much more at homo, said Dr. Rathji. He w

16、as one of about 100 food experts who met in Boise for a conference on food waste and ways to prevent it.American families throw out between 8% and 20% of edible food at a cost of $4. 5 billion per year. That s almost as much as the federal government spends every year for food stamps and child nutri

17、tion programs.He found that food items which are costly and in short supply tend to be wasted more. During the 1973 meat shortage, meat waste increased to 9%, compared with 3% in 1974 and 1975. Sugar and sugar products waste jumped to 19% in 1975, when sugar prices doubled from the previous year.Dr.

18、 Rathji theorizes that high prices force consumers to experiment, sometimes buy in large quantities. In the case of meat, sometimes low-priced cuts for unappetizing varieties are purchased, consumers then tend to waste more.Ilis theory is that the more variety in food bought, the more wasted. Regula

19、r bread is wasted at about a 10% rate, but specialty breads and rolls are wasted at a 20% rate.If people are eating the same thing every day, they learn how to manage it. But if you re trying to pull something out of the cookbook every night, thats bound to be some waste.Another finding is that lowe

20、r income families waste less food than middle and upper income families. And the study found that dog food, which accounts for 8% of a shopping cart, is rarely wasted. Fresh produce and frozen items arc more likely to be wasted.The study also showed people with the most knowledge of safe, edible foo

21、d waste the least. Much food is tossed out because a homemaker suspects it is spoiled when it is not.(1).Large quantities of food are thrown out because a homemaker.A.thinks they are not deliciousB.says they taste bitter and hotC.thinks they smell badD.suspects they are spoiled when they are not(2).

22、American families throw out between of edible food every year.A.5%8%B.8%-10%B.20%28%D.8%20%(3).When sugar prices doubled, waste of sugar.A.went downB.went upc.stayed the sameD. was cut in half(4).Which of the following statements is true?A.American housewives are not good homemakers.B.Upper-income f

23、amilies are more wasteful than lower-income ones.c.American families throw away almost as much food as they consume.D.Americans waste a great deal of dog food.（5）.When do American families waste more food?A.When prices arc high.B.When food is scarce.c.When they think it is spoiled.D. Al 1 of the abo

24、ve.4.Harvard University named historian Drew Gilpin Faust as its first female president on Sunday, ending a lengthy and secretive search to find a successor （接任者）to Lawrence Summers .The seven-member Harvard Corporation elected Faust, a noted scholar on History of the American South and dean of Harv

25、ards Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study, as the university s 28th president.“This is a great day, and a historic day for Harvard. ” James R. Houghton, chairman of the presidential search committee, said in a statement. Drew Faust is an inspiring and accomplished leader, a superb scholar, a dedic

26、ated （献身的）teacher, and a wonderful human being.Her selection is noteworthy given the heated debates over Summers comments that genetic differences between the sexes might help explain the lack of women in top science jobs.Faust has been dean of Radcliffe since 2001, two years after the former women

27、s college was combined into the university as a research center with a mission to study gender issues（性另ij问题）.Some professors have quietly groused that the 371-year-old university is appointing a fifth president who is not a scientist. No scientist has had the top job since James Bryant Conant retir

28、ed in 1953; its last four have come from the fields of classics, 1aw, literature and economics.1,3,5Faust is the first Harvard president who did not receive a degree from the university since Charles Chauncy, a graduate of Cambridge University, who died in office in 1762. She attended the University

29、 of Pennsylvania.“Teaching staff turned to her constantly. ” said Sheldon Hackney, a former president of the University of Pennsylvania and historian who worked closely with Faust. She s very clear. She has a sense of humor, but she s very strong-minded. You come to trust in her because she s so sol

30、id.(1).A.She is the 28th president of Harvard University.B.She is a famous scholar from the American South.c.She isn t a graduate from Harvard University.D.She was head of Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study.(2).Lawrence Summers held the view that .A.women cannot achieve as much as men in managem

31、entB.women cannot hold important positions in societyc.women can match men in science jobsD.few women make top scientists owing to genes(3).Which might be the best title for the passage?A.Harvard named its 1st female president.B.History of Harvard University changed.c.Debates on female equality ende

32、d.D.Drew GiIpin Faust, a famous woman historian.（4）.This passage probably appears in a .A.biographyB.personal letterc.research paperD.newspaper report5.Jessica Alba rebelled（叛离）from her strict parents when she was just five. The 29-year-old actress admits her Catholic （天主教） education made her want to br