大一《希腊罗马神话》期末复习英文.docx

1、大一希腊罗马神话期末复习英文希腊罗马神话复习单选（课文）10分判断（课文）10分表格（默写）20分GreekRoma nRole in MythologyAphroditeVen usGoddess of beauty, sexual desire. (RM: goddess of garde ns and fields .)ApolloApolloGod of prophecy,medici ne and archery(late Greek/RM:god of sun)AresMarsGod of warArtemisDia naGoddess of the hun t(lateGreek

2、/RM:goddess of moon)AsclepiusAesculapiusGod of medici neAthenaMi nervaGoddess of arts and crafts and war;helper of heroes(late Greek/Rm: goddess of wisdom)CronusSartur nGod of the sky;ruler of theTita ns(RM:goddess of agriculture)DemeterCeresGoddess of grainDiony susBacchusGod of wine and vegetatio

3、nErosCupidGod of loveGaeaTellusMother EarthHadesPlutoGod of the un derworld; lord of the deadHephaestusVulca nGod of fire; blacksmith of the godsHeraJunoGoddess of marriage and childbirth;protector of married wome n; quee n of the godsHermesMercuryMesse ngers of the gods; protector of travelers, thi

4、eves, and mercha ntsHestiaVestaGuardia n of the homePoseid onNept uneGod of the sea and earthquakesRheaOpsWife of Cronu s/Sarturn;Mother GoddessUranusUranusGod of the sky; father of theTita nsZeusJupiterRuler of the gods四名词解释（课后） 20分C1l.delphic : It relates to Delphi.lt means ambiguous.2.0lypia n :

5、It relates to Olympia n Gods .It means that some one is like a god,especially by beingcalm and not concerned about ordinary thin gs.3.martial : It relates to Mars.lt means something connected with war and fighting.4.n emesis: It relates to Nemesis .It means a puni shme nt that is deserved and cannot

6、 be avoided.5.titanic :I t relates to Titans.lt means something big ,strong and powerful.C21.J uno esque :It relates to Juno.lt mea ns some one is elega nt and beautiful like Juno.2.Argus -eyed:It relates to Argus .It means some one is watchful and alert.3.satyr/satyriasis :It relates to Satyr.It me

7、ans someone that has an abnormally intense sexual desire in men.4.mercurial :It relates to Mercury.It means having feelings that change suddenly and without warning.C41.chaotic :It relates to Chaos.It means messy and disorder.2.Pandora s bo:Ixt relates to Pandora. It means the root of troubles.3.Pro

8、methean :It relates to Prometheus.It means a person who resembles Prometheus.C61.Dionysiac :It relates to Dionysus.It means Sensuality, debauchery, and revelry.C71.Midas /ass s:Ietarreslates to Midas.It means A secret that cannot be hid.It also menas someone is shallow and uninformed.2.Midas/the gol

9、den touch :It relates to Midas.It means touching a stone and turning it into gold.3.cut the Gordian knot :It relates to Alexander.It means solving a complex problem with a bold strike.C81.cereal :It relates to Ceres.It means grains.2.aureole :It relates to Aurora.It means a bright circle of light.C9

10、1.Charon s boat/ferry:It relates to Charon.It means some one is going to die.2.cross the Styx :It means some one is going to die.1.s honors.gain/reap/win ( one)slaurels : It relates to Daphne. It means gaining one2.Look to one s laur:Ietlsrelates to Daphne.It means to work hard in order not to lose

11、the achievement.3.rest/repose/retire/sit(back)on one : It rsellatuerseltso Daphne.It means to satisfy with whatyou have achieved and stop trying.4.a Noble/poet laureate :It relates to Daphne.It means to be a noble price winner.C131.cupidity : It relates to Cupid.It means a very strong desire for som

12、ething.2.erotic :It relates to Eros.It means sexual excitement.C141.Aphrodite s gird:lIet relates to Aphrodite.It means unlimited female sexuality.2.adonis :It relates to Adonis.It means some one is a handsome young man.C161.Narcissism :It relates to Narcissus.It means the habit of always thinking a

13、bout yourself and admiring yourself.C171.Pygmalion effect :It relates to Pygmalion. It is a phenomenon in which the greater the expectation placed upon people ,the better they perform.C181.atlantean :It relates to Atalanta. It means strong ,powerful and gigantic.2.Mount one s Pegas:uIst relates to P

14、egasus.It means to write a poem.3.s mind.a chimera in one s b: rIat irnelates to Perseus.It means the fantasy in one1.the choice of Heracles : It relates to Heracles.It means some one is in a dilemma.2.Cleanse the Augean Stable :It relates to Augeas.It means to remove something totally.3.Herculean e

15、ffort :It relates to Hercules.It means great effort.C211.sow dragon s tee: tIht means to provoke war by spreading dispute;or cultivate warriors or monster.2.a Cadmean/Pyrrhic victory :It relates to Cadmus.It means a victory that comes at a great cost.C221.sphinx riddle :It relates to Sphinx.It means

16、 a puzzle which is very difficult to solve.C241.the apple of discord : It means the root of the trouble and any subject of possible of contention or disagreement.2.Achilles h:Iet erel lates to Achilles.It means a weak point in something that is otherwise perfect.3.hector : It relates to Hector.It me

17、ans to intimidate or dominate in a blustering way.4.Achilles and Patroclus :It relates to Achilles and Patroclus.It means male friendship, a heroic friendship.5.Fight like a Trojan :It means to fight with great determination.6.Sulky like Achilles in his tent : It relates to Achilles.It means sulky.7

18、.a Trojan horse :It means the hidden danger.8.Myrmidon : It means a faithful follower who carries out orders without question.9.Helen of Trojan :It relates to Helen.It means the root of war; a beauty who ruins her country;a terrible disaster brought by somebody or something you like best.10.Greek gi

19、ft :It means a gift with evil purpose of the enemy; a gift to murder.五简答题 20 分C11.What did the ancient Greeks know about their world?The Greeks believed the earth to be flat and circular,their own country occupying the middle ofit,the central point being either Mount Olympus,The earth is divided int

20、o two equal parts by the Sea.Around the earth flowed the River Ocean.2.To which place were mortals favored by the gods taken when they died?The Aethiopians.3.How did Zeus divide the rule of the world with his brother?Zeus s portion was the heavens,Poseidon s the ocean and Hades s the realms of the d

21、ead.4.How was Venus married off to Vulcan?Jupiter gave her to Vulcan, in gratitude for the service he had rendered in forging thunderbolts.5.How did the Fates mete out human destiny?The three goddesses were assigned distinct task:Clotho spun the “ thread ” of human fate,Lache dispensed it and Atropo

22、s cut it.C21.What was Zeus usual way of hiding his scandals?He raised a cloud to hide some of his doings that would not bear the light and He turned the girl into an animal.Pan fell in love with A nymph called Syrinx,who was a faithful worshipper of Artemis.He chasedher to the bank of river .With th

23、e water nymph s help,Syrinx was turned into reeds.Pan was so sadand he made an instrument with the reeds,which called Syrinx.And that is the panpipe.3.How can you account for Zeus s promiscuity?The promiscuity of Zeus serves more than entertaining purposes.It is out of political purpose.Men have a p

24、owerful ability to reproduce in order to reproduce more offspring, . For most of the people in the world flows his blood, is one of the methods can have more faithful follows.And the number of the faithful follows decide whether his regime is firm.C41.What was the direct cause of Prometheus obtainin

25、g fire for man?When Epimetheus created man ,he had nothing left for him.2.What attitude toward women is shown through the story of Pandora?The story shows the ancient Greeks thought women were inferior and affiliated to men,and they were the root evil and trouble.3.Which age of man applies to our ow

26、n age?Please elaborate.I think we are in the Iron Age.People work day and night and man s character is morecomplex,though mixed with kindness, but more evil.Human wants to rule everything.People no longer trust each other.Married people do not love each other.Vows are regarded as dust.Kindness and j

27、ustice are no longer seen as the norm of conduct, but merely violence.4.How is the first woman often described as a lovely evil ” ？How does she compare with Evein the Book of Gen esis?Pan dora is described as a lovely evil ” because she was the most beautiful and sweetestwoma n,but she ope ned box a

28、nd made many evil things free.Both Pan dora and Eve are beauties.They are also described as the root of troubles to take the blame for the male society.But they were created out of differe nt purpose.Pa ndora was created as the cost of Prometheus stealing the fire for man .She symbolizes a great tem

29、ptation and human misery.Eve is in ferior and affiliated to the man and just like a slave and she was created to help man.5.Why did Zeus try to withhold fire from huma n bein gs?Because fire is a symbol for tech no logy and civilizati on.A basic distinction in myth between raw & cooked and wild & ci

30、vilized.As a revenge for Prometheus earlier theft of the finest sacrificial portions.By withholding fire, Zeus makes the division of the sacrifice impracticable. The humiliation of Ze us prompted him to take the extreme measure of withholding fire from mankind, without which m an would soon be littl

31、e more than animals.C61.What led to Bacchus wan deri ngs?Bacchus inven ted how to pla nt grapes a nd brew wine. He was wa nderi ng aroundand spread this kind of knowledge to bring people the joy of drinking.C71.How did Midas acquire the power of tur ning everyth ing to gold?BecauseMidas rescued Bacchus teacher,Slilenus, and treated him hospitably, entertaininghim for ten days and nights with an unceasing round of jollity. In return, Bacchus gave him thepower of turning everything to gold.C81.What made Hades fall in love with Pro