大一《希腊罗马神话》期末复习英文.docx

大一《希腊罗马神话》期末复习英文.docx

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大一《希腊罗马神话》期末复习英文

希腊罗马神话复习

单选

（课文）

10分

判断

（课文）

10分

表格

（默写）

20分

Greek

Roman

RoleinMythology

Aphrodite

Venus

Goddessofbeauty,sexualdesire.（RM:

goddessofgardensandfields.）

Apollo

Apollo

Godofprophecy,medicineandarchery（lateGreek/RM:

godofsun）

Ares

Mars

Godofwar

Artemis

Diana

Goddessofthehunt（late

Greek/RM:

goddessofmoon）

Asclepius

Aesculapius

Godofmedicine

Athena

Minerva

Goddessofartsandcraftsandwar;helperofheroes（lateGreek/Rm:

goddessofwisdom）

Cronus

Sarturn

Godofthesky;rulerofthe

Titans（RM:

goddessofagriculture）

Demeter

Ceres

Goddessofgrain

Dionysus

Bacchus

Godofwineandvegetation

Eros

Cupid

Godoflove

Gaea

Tellus

MotherEarth

Hades

Pluto

Godoftheunderworld;lordofthedead

Hephaestus

Vulcan

Godoffire;blacksmithofthegods

Hera

Juno

Goddessofmarriageandchildbirth;protectorofmarriedwomen;queenofthegods

Hermes

Mercury

Messengersofthegods;protectoroftravelers,thieves,andmerchants

Hestia

Vesta

Guardianofthehome

Poseidon

Neptune

Godoftheseaandearthquakes

Rhea

Ops

WifeofCronus/Sarturn;

MotherGoddess

Uranus

Uranus

Godofthesky;fatherofthe

Titans

Zeus

Jupiter

Rulerofthegods

四•名词解释（课后）20分

C1

l.delphic:

ItrelatestoDelphi.ltmeansambiguous.

2.0lypian:

ItrelatestoOlympianGods.Itmeansthatsomeoneislikeagod,especiallybybeing

calmandnotconcernedaboutordinarythings.

3.martial:

ItrelatestoMars.ltmeanssomethingconnectedwithwarandfighting.

4.nemesis:

ItrelatestoNemesis.Itmeansapunishmentthatisdeservedandcannotbeavoided.

5.titanic:

ItrelatestoTitans.ltmeanssomethingbig,strongandpowerful.

C2

1.Junoesque:

ItrelatestoJuno.ltmeanssomeoneiselegantandbeautifullikeJuno.

2.Argus-eyed:

ItrelatestoArgus.Itmeanssomeoneiswatchfulandalert.

3.satyr/satyriasis:

ItrelatestoSatyr.Itmeanssomeonethathasanabnormallyintensesexualdesireinmen.

4.mercurial:

ItrelatestoMercury.Itmeanshavingfeelingsthatchangesuddenlyandwithoutwarning.

C4

1.chaotic:

ItrelatestoChaos.Itmeansmessyanddisorder.

2.Pandora'sbo:

IxtrelatestoPandora.Itmeanstherootoftroubles.

3.Promethean:

ItrelatestoPrometheus.ItmeansapersonwhoresemblesPrometheus.

C6

1.Dionysiac:

ItrelatestoDionysus.ItmeansSensuality,debauchery,andrevelry.

C7

1.Midas'/ass's:

IetarreslatestoMidas.ItmeansAsecretthatcannotbehid.Italsomenassomeoneisshallowanduninformed.

2.Midas/thegoldentouch:

ItrelatestoMidas.Itmeanstouchingastoneandturningitintogold.

3.cuttheGordianknot:

ItrelatestoAlexander.Itmeanssolvingacomplexproblemwithaboldstrike.

C8

1.cereal:

ItrelatestoCeres.Itmeansgrains.

2.aureole:

ItrelatestoAurora.Itmeansabrightcircleoflight.

C9

1.Charon'sboat/ferry:

ItrelatestoCharon.Itmeanssomeoneisgoingtodie.

2.crosstheStyx:

Itmeanssomeoneisgoingtodie.

1.

shonors.

gain/reap/win（one'）slaurels:

ItrelatestoDaphne.Itmeansgainingone

2.Looktoone'slaur:

IetlsrelatestoDaphne.Itmeanstoworkhardinordernottolosetheachievement.

3.rest/repose/retire/sit（back）onone:

'ItrsellatuerseltsoDaphne.Itmeanstosatisfywithwhat

youhaveachievedandstoptrying.

4.aNoble/poetlaureate:

ItrelatestoDaphne.Itmeanstobeanoblepricewinner.

C13

1.cupidity:

ItrelatestoCupid.Itmeansaverystrongdesireforsomething.

2.erotic:

ItrelatestoEros.Itmeanssexualexcitement.

C14

1.Aphrodite'sgird:

lIetrelatestoAphrodite.Itmeansunlimitedfemalesexuality.

2.adonis:

ItrelatestoAdonis.Itmeanssomeoneisahandsomeyoungman.

C16

1.Narcissism:

ItrelatestoNarcissus.Itmeansthehabitofalwaysthinkingaboutyourselfandadmiringyourself.

C17

1.Pygmalioneffect:

ItrelatestoPygmalion.Itisaphenomenoninwhichthegreatertheexpectationplaceduponpeople,thebettertheyperform.

C18

1.atlantean:

ItrelatestoAtalanta.Itmeansstrong,powerfulandgigantic.

2.Mountone'sPegas:

uIstrelatestoPegasus.Itmeanstowriteapoem.

3.

smind.

achimerainone'sb:

rIatirnelatestoPerseus.Itmeansthefantasyinone

1.thechoiceofHeracles:

ItrelatestoHeracles.Itmeanssomeoneisinadilemma.

2.CleansetheAugeanStable:

ItrelatestoAugeas.Itmeanstoremovesomethingtotally.

3.Herculeaneffort:

ItrelatestoHercules.Itmeansgreateffort.

C21

1.sowdragon'stee:

tIhtmeanstoprovokewarbyspreadingdispute;orcultivatewarriorsormonster.

2.aCadmean/Pyrrhicvictory:

ItrelatestoCadmus.Itmeansavictorythatcomesatagreatcost.

C22

1.sphinxriddle:

ItrelatestoSphinx.Itmeansapuzzlewhichisverydifficulttosolve.

C24

1.theappleofdiscord:

Itmeanstherootofthetroubleandanysubjectofpossibleofcontentionordisagreement.

2.Achilles'h:

IeterellatestoAchilles.Itmeansaweakpointinsomethingthatisotherwiseperfect.

3.hector:

ItrelatestoHector.Itmeanstointimidateordominateinablusteringway.

4.AchillesandPatroclus:

ItrelatestoAchillesandPatroclus.Itmeansmalefriendship,aheroicfriendship.

5.FightlikeaTrojan:

Itmeanstofightwithgreatdetermination.

6.SulkylikeAchillesinhistent:

ItrelatestoAchilles.Itmeanssulky.

7.aTrojanhorse:

Itmeansthehiddendanger.

8.Myrmidon:

Itmeansafaithfulfollowerwhocarriesoutorderswithoutquestion.

9.HelenofTrojan:

ItrelatestoHelen.Itmeanstherootofwar;abeautywhoruinshercountry;aterribledisasterbroughtbysomebodyorsomethingyoulikebest.

10.Greekgift:

Itmeansagiftwithevilpurposeoftheenemy;agifttomurder.

五．简答题20分

C1

1.WhatdidtheancientGreeksknowabouttheirworld?

TheGreeksbelievedtheearthtobeflatandcircular,theirowncountryoccupyingthemiddleof

it,thecentralpointbeingeitherMountOlympus,TheearthisdividedintotwoequalpartsbytheSea.AroundtheearthflowedtheRiverOcean.

2.Towhichplaceweremortalsfavoredbythegodstakenwhentheydied?

TheAethiopians.

3.HowdidZeusdividetheruleoftheworldwithhisbrother?

Zeus'sportionwastheheavens,Poseidon'stheoceanandHades'stherealmsofthedead.

4.HowwasVenusmarriedofftoVulcan?

JupitergavehertoVulcan,ingratitudefortheservicehehadrenderedinforgingthunderbolts.

5.HowdidtheFatesmeteouthumandestiny?

Thethreegoddesseswereassigneddistincttask:

Clothospunthe“thread”ofhumanfate,LachedispenseditandAtroposcutit.

C2

1.WhatwasZeus'usualwayofhidinghisscandals?

HeraisedacloudtohidesomeofhisdoingsthatwouldnotbearthelightandHeturnedthegirlintoananimal.

PanfellinlovewithAnymphcalledSyrinx,whowasafaithfulworshipperofArtemis.Hechased

hertothebankofriver.Withthewaternymph'shelp,Syrinxwasturnedintoreeds.Panwassosad

andhemadeaninstrumentwiththereeds,whichcalledSyrinx.Andthatisthepanpipe.

3.HowcanyouaccountforZeus'spromiscuity?

ThepromiscuityofZeusservesmorethanentertainingpurposes.Itisoutofpoliticalpurpose.Menhaveapowerfulabilitytoreproduceinordertoreproducemoreoffspring,.Formostofthepeopleintheworldflowshisblood,isoneofthemethodscanhavemorefaithfulfollows.Andthenumberofthefaithfulfollowsdecidewhetherhisregimeisfirm.

C4

1.WhatwasthedirectcauseofPrometheus'obtainingfireforman?

WhenEpimetheuscreatedman,hehadnothingleftforhim.

2.WhatattitudetowardwomenisshownthroughthestoryofPandora?

ThestoryshowstheancientGreeksthoughtwomenwereinferiorandaffiliatedtomen,andtheyweretherootevilandtrouble.

3.Whichageofmanappliestoourownage?

Pleaseelaborate.

IthinkweareintheIronAge.Peopleworkdayandnightandman'scharacterismore

complex,thoughmixedwithkindness,butmoreevil.Humanwantstoruleeverything.Peoplenolongertrusteachother.Marriedpeopledonotloveeachother.Vowsareregardedasdust.Kindnessandjusticearenolongerseenasthenormofconduct,butmerelyviolence.

4.Howisthefirstwomanoftendescribedasa"lovelyevil”？

HowdoesshecomparewithEve

intheBookofGenesis?

Pandoraisdescribedasa"lovelyevil”becauseshewasthemostbeautifulandsweetest

woman,butsheopenedboxandmademanyevilthingsfree.

BothPandoraandEvearebeauties.Theyarealsodescribedastherootoftroublestotaketheblameforthemalesociety.Buttheywerecreatedoutofdifferentpurpose.PandorawascreatedasthecostofPrometheusstealingthefireforman.Shesymbolizesagreattemptationandhumanmisery.Eveisinferiorandaffiliatedtothemanandjustlikeaslaveandshewascreatedtohelpman.

5.WhydidZeustrytowithholdfirefromhumanbeings?

Becausefireisasymbolfortechnologyandcivilization.

Abasicdistinctioninmythbetweenraw&cookedandwild&civilized.

AsarevengeforPrometheus'earliertheftofthefinestsacrificialportions.

Bywithholdingfire,Zeusmakesthedivisionofthesacrificeimpracticable.ThehumiliationofZeuspromptedhimtotaketheextrememeasureofwithholdingfirefrommankind,withoutwhichmanwouldsoonbelittlemorethananimals.

C6

1.WhatledtoBacchus'wanderings?

Bacchusinventedhowtoplantgrapesandbrewwine.Hewaswanderingaround

andspreadthiskindofknowledgetobringpeoplethejoyofdrinking.

C7

1.HowdidMidasacquirethepowerofturningeverythingtogold?

BecauseMidasrescuedBacchus'teacher,Slilenus,andtreatedhimhospitably,entertaining

himfortendaysandnightswithanunceasingroundofjollity.Inreturn,Bacchusgavehimthe

powerofturningeverythingtogold.

C8

1.WhatmadeHadesfallinlovewithPro