模具热处理外文翻译文献.docx

1、模具热处理外文翻译文献模具热处理外文翻译文献(文档含中英文对照即英文原文和中文翻译)原文：Heat Treatment of Die and MouldOriented Concurrent DesignAbstract:Many disadvantages exist in the traditional die design methodwhich belongs to serial pattern. It is well known that heattreatment is highly important to the dies. A new idea of concurrentde

2、sign for heat treatment process of die and mould was developedin order to overcome the existent shortcomings of heat treatmentprocess. Heat treatment CAD/CAE was integrated with concurrentcircumstance and the relevant model was built. Theseinvestigations can remarkably improve efficiency, reduce cos

3、t andensure quality of R and D for products.Key words:die design; heat treatment; mouldTraditional die and mould design,mainly by experience orsemiexperience，is isolated from manufacturing process.Before the design is finalized，the scheme of die and mould is usually modified time and again，thus some

4、 disadvantages come into being,such as long development period,high cost and uncertain practical effect.Due to strong desires for precision,service life,development period and cost,modern die and mould should be designed and manufactured perfectly.Therefore more and more advanced technologies and in

5、novations have been applied,for example,concurrent engineering,agile manufacturing virtual manufacturing,collaborative design,etc.Heat treatment of die and mould is as important as design,manufacture and assembly because it has a vital effect on manufacture， assembly and service lifeDesign and manuf

6、acture of die and mould have progressed rapidly， but heat treatment lagged seriously behind themAs die and mouldindustry develops， heat treatment must ensure die and mould there are goodstate of manufacture，assembly and wearresistant properties by request.Impertinent heat treatment can influence die

7、 and mould manufacturing such asoverhard andsoft and assemblyTraditionally the heat treatment processwas made out according to the methods and properties brought forward bydesignerThis could make the designers of die and mould and heat treatment diverge from each other， for the designers of die and

8、mould could not fully realize heat treatment process and materials properties， and contrarily the designers rarely understood the service environment and designing thought.These divergences will impact the progress of die and mould to a great extent.Accordingly， if the process design of heat treatme

9、nt is considered in the earlydesigning stage，the aims of shortening development period，reducing cost andstabilizing quality will be achieved and the sublimation of developmentpattern from serial to concurrent will be realizedConcurrent engineering takes computer integration system as a carrier,at th

10、e very start subsequent each stage and factors have been considered such as manufacturing，heat treating，properties and so forth in order to avoid the errorThe concurrent pattern has dismissed the defect of serial pattern,which bring about a revolution against serial patternIn the present workthe hea

11、t treatment was integrated into the concurrentcircumstance of the die and mould development ， and the systemic and profound research was performed1 Heat Treatment Under Concurrent CircumstanceThe concurrent pattern differs ultimately from the serial pattern(seeFig 1).With regard to serial pattern， t

12、he designers mostly consider thestructure and function of die and mould， yet hardly consider the consequentprocess，so that the former mistakes are easily spread backwardsMeanwhile，the design department rarely communicates with the assembling ， cost accounting and sales departmentsThese problems cert

13、ainly will influence the development progress of die and mould and the market foregroundWhereas in the concurrent pattern，the relations among departments are close，the related departments all take part in the development progress of die and mould and have close intercommunion with purchasersThis is

14、propitious to elimination of the conflicts between departments，increase the efficiency and reduce the costHeat treatment process in the concurrent circumstance is made out not after blueprint and workpiece taken but during die and mould designing In this way， it is favorable to optimizing the heat t

15、reatment process and making full use of the potential of the materials2 Integration of Heat Treatment CADCAE for Die andMouldIt can be seen from Fig2 that the process design and simulation of heattreatment are the core of integration frameAfter information input viaproduct design module and heat tre

16、atment process generated via heattreatment CAD and heat treatment CAE module will automatically divide themesh for parts drawing，simulation temperature field microstructure analysisafter heattreatment and the defect of possible emerging (such asoverheat,over burning)， and then the heat treatment pro

17、cess is judged if theoptimization is made according to the result reappeared by stereoscopic visiontechnology Moreover tool and clamping apparatus CAD and CAM areintegrated into this systemThe concurrent engineering based integration frame can share information with other branchThat makes for optimi

18、zing the heat treatmentprocess and ensuring the process sound2.1 3-D model and stereoscopic vision technology for heattreatmentThe problems about materials，structure and size for die and mould canbe discovered as soon as possible by 3-D model for heat treatment based onthe shape of die and mould Mod

19、eling heating condition and phasetransformation condition for die and mould during heat treatment areworkable，because it has been broken through for the calculation of phasetransformation thermodynamics ， phase transformation kinetics ， phasestress,thermal stress，heat transfer，hydrokinetics etcFor e

20、xample，3-D heatconducting algorithm models for local heating complicated impression andasymmetric die and mould， and M ARC software models for microstructuretransformation was used Computer can present the informations oftemperature，microstructure and stress at arbitrary time and display the entiret

21、ransformation procedure in the form of 3-D by coupling temperaturefield,microstructure field and stress field If the property can becoupled,various partial properties can be predicted by computer2.2 Heat treatment process designDue to the special requests for strength，hardness，surface roughness andd

22、istortion during heat treatment for die and mould，the parameters includingquenching medium type， quenching temperature and tempering temperatureand time，must be properly selected，and whether using surface quenching orchemical heat treatment the parameters must be rightly determined It isdifficult to

23、 determine the parameters by computer fully Since computertechnology develops quickly in recent decades,the difficulty with largescalecalculation has been overcomeBy simulating and weighing the property，thecost and the required period after heat treatmentit is not difficult to optimizethe heat treat

24、ment process2.3 Data base for heat treatmentA heat treatment database is described in Fig3The database is thefoundation of making out heat treatment processGenerally， heat treatmentdatabase is divided into materials database and process database It is aninexorable trend to predict the property by ma

25、terials and processAlthough itis difficult to establish a property database，it is necessary to establish thedatabase by a series of tests The materials database includes steelgrades,chemical compositions，properties and home and abroad grades paralleltablesThe process database includes heat treatment

26、 criterions，classes，heatpreservation time and cooling velocityBased on the database，heat treatmentprocess can be created by inferring from rules2.4 Tool and equipment for heat treatmentAfter heat treatment process is determined，tool and equipment CADCAE system transfers the information about design

27、and manufacture to thenumerical control deviceThrough rapid tooling prototype，the reliability oftool and the clamping apparatus can be judgedThe whole procedure istransferred by network，in which there is no manmade interference3 Key Technique3.1 Coupling of temperature，microstructure， stress andprop

28、ertyHeat treatment procedure is a procedure of temperature-microstructurestress interaction The three factors can all influence the property (seeFig4)During heating and cooling，hot stress and transformation will comeinto being when microstructure changes.Transformation temperature-microstructureand

29、temperaturemicrostructureand stress-property interact on eachother Research on the interaction of the four factors has been greatlydeveloped,but the universal mathematic model has not been builtManymodels fit the test nicely， but they cannot be put into practiceDifficultieswith most of models are so

30、lved in analytic solution，and numerical method isemployed so that the inaccuracy of calculation existsEven so， comparing experience method with qualitative analysis，heattreatment simulation by computer makes great progress3.2 Establishment and integration of modelsThe development procedure for die a

31、nd mould involvesdesign,manufacture，heat treatment，assembly，maintenance and so onTheyshould have own database and mode1They are in series with each other bythe entity relation modelThrough establishing and employing dynamicinference mechanism ，the aim of optimizing design can be achievedTherelation

32、between product model and other models was builtThe productmodel will change in case the cell model changes In fact，it belongs to therelation of data with die and mouldAfter heat treatment model is integratedinto the system，it is no more an isolated unit but a member which is close toother models in the systemAfter searching，calculating and reasoning fromthe heat