模具热处理外文翻译文献.docx

模具热处理外文翻译文献.docx

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模具热处理外文翻译文献

模具热处理外文翻译文献

（文档含中英文对照即英文原文和中文翻译）

原文：

HeatTreatmentofDieandMould

OrientedConcurrentDesign

Abstract:

Manydisadvantagesexistinthetraditionaldiedesignmethod

whichbelongstoserialpattern.Itiswellknownthatheat

treatmentishighlyimportanttothedies.Anewideaofconcurrent

designforheattreatmentprocessofdieandmouldwasdeveloped

inordertoovercometheexistentshortcomingsofheattreatment

process.HeattreatmentCAD/CAEwasintegratedwithconcurrent

circumstanceandtherelevantmodelwasbuilt.These

investigationscanremarkablyimproveefficiency,reducecostand

ensurequalityofRandDforproducts.

Keywords:

diedesign;heattreatment;mould

Traditionaldieandmoulddesign,mainlybyexperienceorsemi—experience，isisolatedfrommanufacturingprocess.Beforethedesignisfinalized，theschemeofdieandmouldisusuallymodifiedtimeandagain，thussomedisadvantagescomeintobeing,suchaslongdevelopmentperiod,highcostanduncertainpracticaleffect.Duetostrongdesiresforprecision,servicelife,developmentperiodandcost,moderndieandmouldshouldbedesignedandmanufacturedperfectly.Thereforemoreandmoreadvancedtechnologiesandinnovationshavebeenapplied,forexample,concurrentengineering,agilemanufacturingvirtualmanufacturing,collaborativedesign,etc.

Heattreatmentofdieandmouldisasimportantasdesign,manufactureandassemblybecauseithasavitaleffectonmanufacture，assemblyandservicelife．Designandmanufactureofdieandmouldhaveprogressedrapidly，butheattreatmentlaggedseriouslybehindthem．Asdieandmouldindustrydevelops，heattreatmentmustensuredieandmouldtherearegoodstateofmanufacture，assemblyandwear—resistantpropertiesbyrequest.

Impertinentheattreatmentcaninfluencedieandmouldmanufacturingsuchas

over—hardand—softandassembly．Traditionallytheheattreatmentprocess

wasmadeoutaccordingtothemethodsandpropertiesbroughtforwardby

designer．

Thiscouldmakethedesignersofdieandmouldandheattreatmentdivergefromeachother，forthedesignersofdieandmouldcouldnotfullyrealizeheattreatmentprocessandmaterialsproperties，andcontrarilythedesignersrarelyunderstoodtheserviceenvironmentanddesigningthought.

Thesedivergenceswillimpacttheprogressofdieandmouldtoagreatextent.

Accordingly，iftheprocessdesignofheattreatmentisconsideredintheearly

designingstage，theaimsofshorteningdevelopmentperiod，reducingcostand

stabilizingqualitywillbeachievedandthesublimationofdevelopment

patternfromserialtoconcurrentwillberealized．

Concurrentengineeringtakescomputerintegrationsystemasacarrier,attheverystartsubsequenteachstageandfactorshavebeenconsideredsuchasmanufacturing，heattreating，propertiesandsoforthinordertoavoidtheerror．Theconcurrentpatternhasdismissedthedefectofserialpattern,whichbringaboutarevolutionagainstserialpattern．

Inthepresentwork．theheattreatmentwasintegratedintotheconcurrent

circumstanceofthedieandmoulddevelopment，andthesystemicandprofoundresearchwasperformed．

1HeatTreatmentUnderConcurrentCircumstance

Theconcurrentpatterndiffersultimatelyfromtheserialpattern（see

Fig．1）.Withregardtoserialpattern，thedesignersmostlyconsiderthe

structureandfunctionofdieandmould，yethardlyconsidertheconsequent

process，sothattheformermistakesareeasilyspreadbackwards．Meanwhile，

thedesigndepartmentrarelycommunicateswiththeassembling，costaccountingandsalesdepartments．Theseproblemscertainlywillinfluencethedevelopmentprogressofdieandmouldandthemarketforeground．Whereasintheconcurrentpattern，therelationsamongdepartmentsareclose，therelateddepartmentsalltakepartinthedevelopmentprogressofdieandmouldandhavecloseintercommunionwithpurchasers．Thisispropitioustoeliminationoftheconflictsbetweendepartments，increasetheefficiencyandreducethecost．Heattreatmentprocessintheconcurrentcircumstanceismadeoutnotafterblueprintandworkpiecetakenbutduringdieandmoulddesigning．Inthisway，itisfavorabletooptimizingtheheattreatmentprocessandmakingfulluseofthepotentialofthematerials．

2IntegrationofHeatTreatmentCAD／CAEforDieand

Mould

ItcanbeseenfromFig．2thattheprocessdesignandsimulationofheat

treatmentarethecoreofintegrationframe．Afterinformationinputvia

productdesignmoduleandheattreatmentprocessgeneratedviaheat

treatmentCADandheattreatmentCAEmodulewillautomaticallydividethe

meshforpartsdrawing，simulationtemperaturefieldmicrostructureanalysis

afterheat—treatmentandthedefectofpossibleemerging（suchas

overheat,overburning），andthentheheattreatmentprocessisjudgedifthe

optimizationismadeaccordingtotheresultreappearedbystereoscopicvision

technology．MoreovertoolandclampingapparatusCADandCAMare

integratedintothissystem．

Theconcurrentengineeringbasedintegrationframecanshareinformationwithotherbranch．Thatmakesforoptimizingtheheattreatment

processandensuringtheprocesssound．

2.13-Dmodelandstereoscopicvisiontechnologyforheat

treatment

Theproblemsaboutmaterials，structureandsizefordieandmouldcan

bediscoveredassoonaspossibleby3-Dmodelforheattreatmentbasedon

theshapeofdieandmould．Modelingheatingconditionandphase

transformationconditionfordieandmouldduringheattreatmentare

workable，becauseithasbeenbrokenthroughforthecalculationofphase

transformationthermodynamics，phasetransformationkinetics，phase

stress,thermalstress，heattransfer，hydrokineticsetc．Forexample，3-Dheat

—conductingalgorithmmodelsforlocalheatingcomplicatedimpressionand

asymmetricdieandmould，andMARCsoftwaremodelsformicrostructure

transformationwasused．Computercanpresenttheinformationsof

temperature，microstructureandstressatarbitrarytimeanddisplaytheentire

transformationprocedureintheformof3-Dbycouplingtemperature

field,microstructurefieldandstressfield．Ifthepropertycanbe

coupled,variouspartialpropertiescanbepredictedbycomputer．

2.2Heattreatmentprocessdesign

Duetothespecialrequestsforstrength，hardness，surfaceroughnessand

distortionduringheattreatmentfordieandmould，theparametersincluding

quenchingmediumtype，quenchingtemperatureandtemperingtemperature

andtime，mustbeproperlyselected，andwhetherusingsurfacequenchingor

chemicalheattreatmenttheparametersmustberightlydetermined．Itis

difficulttodeterminetheparametersbycomputerfully．Sincecomputer

technologydevelopsquicklyinrecentdecades,thedifficultywithlarge—scale

calculationhasbeenovercome．Bysimulatingandweighingtheproperty，the

costandtherequiredperiodafterheattreatment．itisnotdifficulttooptimize

theheattreatmentprocess．

2.3Databaseforheattreatment

AheattreatmentdatabaseisdescribedinFig．3．Thedatabaseisthe

foundationofmakingoutheattreatmentprocess．Generally，heattreatment

databaseisdividedintomaterialsdatabaseandprocessdatabase．Itisan

inexorabletrendtopredictthepropertybymaterialsandprocess．Althoughit

isdifficulttoestablishapropertydatabase，itisnecessarytoestablishthe

databasebyaseriesoftests．Thematerialsdatabaseincludessteel

grades,chemicalcompositions，propertiesandhomeandabroadgradesparallel

tables．Theprocessdatabaseincludesheattreatmentcriterions，classes，heat

preservationtimeandcoolingvelocity．Basedonthedatabase，heattreatment

processcanbecreatedbyinferringfromrules．

2.4Toolandequipmentforheattreatment

Afterheattreatmentprocessisdetermined，toolandequipmentCAD／

CAEsystemtransferstheinformationaboutdesignandmanufacturetothe

numericalcontroldevice．Throughrapidtoolingprototype，thereliabilityof

toolandtheclampingapparatuscanbejudged．Thewholeprocedureis

transferredbynetwork，inwhichthereisnoman—madeinterference．

3KeyTechnique

3.1Couplingoftemperature，microstructure，stressand

property

Heattreatmentprocedureisaprocedureoftemperature-microstructure—

stressinteraction．Thethreefactorscanallinfluencetheproperty（see

Fig．4）．Duringheatingandcooling，hotstressandtransformationwillcome

intobeingwhenmicrostructurechanges.Transformationtemperature-microstructure

andtemperature—microstructure—andstress-propertyinteractoneach

other．Researchontheinteractionofthefourfactorshasbeengreatly

developed,buttheuniversalmathematicmodelhasnotbeenbuilt．Many

modelsfitthetestnicely，buttheycannotbeputintopractice．Difficulties

withmostofmodelsaresolvedinanalyticsolution，andnumericalmethodis

employedsothattheinaccuracyofcalculationexists．

Evenso，comparingexperiencemethodwithqualitativeanalysis，heat

treatmentsimulationbycomputermakesgreatprogress．

3.2Establishmentandintegrationofmodels

Thedevelopmentprocedurefordieandmouldinvolves

design,manufacture，heattreatment，assembly，maintenanceandsoon．They

shouldhaveowndatabaseandmode1．Theyareinserieswitheachotherby

theentity—relationmodel．Throughestablishingandemployingdynamic

inferencemechanism，theaimofoptimizingdesigncanbeachieved．The

relationbetweenproductmodelandothermodelswasbuilt．Theproduct

modelwillchangeincasethecellmodelchanges．Infact，itbelongstothe

relationofdatawithdieandmould．Afterheattreatmentmodelisintegrated

intothesystem，itisnomoreanisolatedunitbutamemberwhichiscloseto

othermodelsinthesystem．Aftersearching，calculatingandreasoningfrom

theheat