高考英语阅读理解综合经典题附详细答案.docx

1、高考英语阅读理解综合经典题附详细答案-X高中英语阅读理解1 阅读理解City trees grow faster and die younger than trees in rural forestry, a new study finds. Over their lifetimes, then, urban trees will likely absorb less CO2 from the air thah forest trees.As we all know, the earth would be freezing or burning hot without CO2. However

2、, CO2 is a greenhouse gas, meaning it traps energy from the sun as/heat That makes temperatures near the ground rise. Human activities, especially the widespread burning-of fossil(化石)fuels, have been sen ding extra gree nhouse gases into the air. This has led to a rise in average temperatures across

3、 the globeStudies had shown forests readily absorb CO2, but there hadnt been much data on whether city trees grog die and absorb CO2 at the same rate as forest trees do. So some researchers decided to find out.To figure out how quickly trees were growing, researchers tracked their diameters (the wid

4、th of their trunks) between 2005 and 2014. A trees diameter increases as it grows, just as a persons waist size increases as they gain weight. About half the weight of a tree is carb on, research has shown. Most of the rest is water. Over the nine years tracking, the researchers found city trees abs

5、orbed four times as much carb on from the air as forest trees However, they were twice as likely to die. So over the lifetime of each type of tree, forest trees actually absorbed more CO2.City trees grew faster because they had less competition for light from their neighbors. In a forest, trees tend

6、 to grow close together, shadi ng their neighbors Street trees also ben efit from higher levels of nitroge n (氮)i n rain water. Nitroge n helps plants grow Waste gases from gasburning cars also contain nitroge n, thus en richi ng city air with n itrogen Later; rain water may wash much of it to the g

7、round. Some street trees may also have better access to water than trees in the country because the underground water pipes can leak(1)What can he known about CO2 from paragraph 2?A.It is one of the side effects of greenhousesB.It greatly accelerates the process of global warming.C.It results from t

8、he widespread burning of fossil fuels.D.It prevents the earth from becoming unsuitable to live on.(2)Why did researchers track the diameters of trees?A.To know about their growth rates B To find out how much they weighC To check whether they were healthy. D To assess the carb on am ounts in them (3)

9、What advantage do city trees have over forest trees?A.They are more likely to access growth promotersB.They can enjoy more water coming from the air.C They can enjoy more shade from neighborsD They are better at competing for light.(4)What will probably be talked about if the passage is continued?A.

10、How urban trees can live longer. B. Why city living makes trees die youngC.How trees respond to dry soil conditions D Why faster-growing trees absorb more CO2.【答案】(1)D(2)A(3)A(4)B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，一项新的研究发现：与长在森林中的树木相比，城 市里的树木长得更快，但死得更早。(1)考査推理判断。根据第二段中的the earth would be freezing or burning hot witho

11、ut C02.可知，如果没有二氧化碳，地球将会极冷或极热。可以推断，二氧化碳可以防止地球 变得不适合居住。故选D。(2 )考査细节理解。根据第四段中的To figure on how quickly trees were growing, researchers tracked their diameters.可知，研究人员监测树木的直径是为了 了解树木的生长 速度。故选A。(3 )考査细节理解Q 根据最后一段中的Street trees also benefit from higher levels of nitrogen (氮)in rainwater. Nitrogen helps pl

12、ants grow. Waste gases from gas-burning cars also contain n itroge n, thus en riching city air with n itrogen Later, rain water may wash much of it to the ground.可知，与生长在森林中的树木相比，城市里的树木长得更快是因为它们无需与 邻近的树木争夺光照，也能得到更多的氮量，还更容易得到水。光、氮和水都可以促进树 木的生长。由此可以推断，城市里的树木比森林中的树木更可能获得生长促进剂。故选 Ao(4)考查推理判断。文章首句就提到了一项新的

13、研究结果：城市里的树木比森林中的树 木长得更快，但死得更早：文章第三段说到以前有研究表明森林会吸收二氧化碳，但是城 市里的树木的生长、死亡和吸收二氧化碳的速度是否跟森林中的树木一样，这方面的数据 不多。因此一些研究人员决泄弄淸楚”：文章第四段再次介绍了他们的研究发现：城市里的 树木比森林中的树木长得更快，但死得更早：文章最后一段介绍了城市里的树木比森林中 的树木生长得更快的几个原因。由此可以推断，文章接下来很可能就要介绍城市里的树木 死得更早的原因。故选Bo【点评】本题考点涉及细肖理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需 要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确

14、答案。2.阅读理解A un iversity in Nanji ng, Jian gsu provin c 已 has installed facial recog nition systems in classrooms to monitor students1 behavioo sparking a heated debate online. China Pharmaceutical University recently installed the systems in two pilot classrooms as well as school gates, dormitory ent

15、rances, the library and laboratory buildingsXu Jianzhen，director of the universitys library and information center; told TbeP that the systems will help teachers check student attendance and monitor behavior during the lecturesIn the past, some students just checked their attendance and ditched the

16、class or asked other students to check the attendance for them Now with facial recognition, that would no Ion ger be a problem/1 he said The moment you enter the classroom, the camera will monitor you all the way through and can tell how long you lower your head, whether youre playing with a smart p

17、hon已 whether youre dozing off or reading other books/1 he addedThe news has raised wide debate on Chinese social media, with many questioning if the cameras will violate students privacy. A Sina Weibo user said: I oppose such methods, and it is not clear whether the systems are developed by the scho

18、ol itself or by third parties If it is the latter; is there any regulation of security? Where will the information be sent and stored?Gan Xiangsi, a senior student from the university, said she welcomed the systems being applied in dormitories and libraries as this can help prevent personal belongin

19、gs being stolen, but it is not necessary to use such tech no logy in the classroom If the teacher teaches well, the students will be interested/1 she said “On the contrary, this kind of monitoring will make every one feel resista nt.China Pharmaceu廿cal University is not the first university to use f

20、acial recognition technology on campus Many universities across the country have installed cameras at campus entrances to en sure safety. But many are also hesitant when it comes to applyi ng such tech no logy in classrooms This issue has been debated for quite a long time, Chu Zhaohui, a senior res

21、earcher at the National Institute of Education Sciencesf told China National Radio. According to Chuz teachers and students who are under observation might not behave as they normally would since they know they are being watchedCameras should not be installed in classrooms merely for effective teach

22、i ng purposes/1 Chu said, as teachers are also being observed He agreed that students privacy needs to be protected11 He also said that not putting classrooms under control is an important principle. If you dont follow this principle, students will falsify and disguise their state of listening, and

23、teachers may also not perform as well The n real teachi ng will not occur/ he added(1)Which of the following is NOT the functi on of facial recog nition systems?A.To help check student attendance.B.To help monitor student behavior.C.To help ensure student safety.D.To help protect student privacy(2)W

24、hat does the underlined word ditch11 in paragraph 2 mean?A.abandonB.atte ndC.dislikeD.enjoy(3)What*s Chu Zhaohuis attitude towards installing cameras in classrooms?A.favorableB.indifferentC.unfavorableD.neutral(4)Whats the writers purpose of writing this passage?A.To introduce the function of facial

25、 recognition systems.B.To express his preference for facial recog nition systems.C.To express his strong dislike for facial recognition systems.D.To in troduce peoples differe nt attitudes to facial recog nition systems.【答案】(1)D(2)A(3)C(4)D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，介绍了江苏省南京市的一所大学在教室里安装了面 部识别系统来监控学生的行为，这在网上引起

26、了激烈的争论。(1)考査细节理解。根据第二段中的Xu Jianzhen, director of the universitys library and information center, told TbeP that the systems will help teachers check student attendance and monitor behavior during the lectures.该校图书馆信息中心主任徐建振告诉 TbeP,该系统将帮助教师检査学生出勤情况，并监控学生在课堂上的行为)排除A 和 B；根据倒数第二段中的Many universities acro

27、ss the country have installed cameras at campus entrances to ensure safety/全国许多大学都在校园入处安装了摄像头，以确保安 全排除C。D选项帮助保护学生的隐私”不是而部识别系统的功能，故选D。(2)考査词义猜测。根据第二段中的or asked other students to check the attendance for them.”或者让其他学生帮他们签到。可知上文意思是过去，一些学生只是签到，然后逃 课。ditch的意思是放弃,抛弃,故选A。(3)考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的 n/ameras should

28、not be installed in classrooms merely for effective teaching purposes/ Chu said, as teachers are also being observed.不应该彳又 仅为了有效的教学而在教室里安装摄像头，朱说，因为老师们也在被观察。)由此推断 出，朱朝晖对在教室里安装摄像头持不赞成的态度，故选C。(4)考查推理判断。根据第一段中的A university in Nanjing, Jiangsu province, has installed facial recog nition systems in classr

29、ooms to mon itor students behavior, sparking a heated debate online.”江苏省南京市的一所大学在教室里安装了而部识别系统来监控学生的行为，这在网 上引起了激烈的争论。可推断岀，作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍人们对人脸识別系统的不 同态度，故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细肖理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考査，是一篇社会现象 类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从 而选岀正确答案。3.阅读理解People who sleep fewer than six hours a night are mo

30、re likely to die early, researchers in University of Warwick have found in a recent study They discovered that people who slept for less than six hours each night were 12% more likely to die before the age of 65 than those who slept the recommended six to eight hours a night.The researchers pointed

31、out that previous studies had shown that the lack of sleep was associated with problems like heart disease and high blood pressure However, the researchers also found that sleeping too much was linked to an early death Those who slept for more than nine hours a night were 30% more likely to die earl

32、y, as an article in the latest Sleep suggested That directly contradicts another passage in the same journal last month suggesting that people who slept for ten hours or longer a night were more likely to live to 100. This was thought to be because people who lived into extreme old age were healthier and therefore slept better.However, the authors of the latest research contradicted this and suggested that long sleep was a sign o