届高考英语二轮复习闯关导练第二部分阅读理解技巧与体裁演练课时10阅读理解体裁解读1.docx

1、届高考英语二轮复习闯关导练第二部分阅读理解技巧与体裁演练课时10阅读理解体裁解读1课时10阅读理解体裁解读(1)记叙文【体裁解读】高考阅读理解体裁纷繁多样，但每套试卷通常包含一到两篇记叙文。在所有的阅读体裁中，记叙文的难度相对是比较低的。如果掌握了阅读的技巧，多多实践，阅读能力就会大大提高。1记叙文写作特点记叙文是一种记载和叙述事件由来，描绘事物和人物情景状态、过程及发展的文体。消息、通讯、传记、游记、小说、童话、寓言以及记叙性的散文等文体，都属于记叙文的范畴。就写作顺序而言，记叙文要么是按时间顺序，要么是按事件的重要性的顺序来展开。不管是哪种叙述方法，最后经常会有一两句话抒发作者的情绪与感悟

2、，这是记叙文的精华所在，也是阅读的难点所在，可谓“一篇之妙，在于落句”。2记叙文命题特点从命题形式上看，常见的有细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意、推理判断、作者意图等题型。除了推论或词义辨识题，记叙文命题的顺序一般都会按照文章的脉络和故事发展的顺序层层推进，否则就会觉得别扭，逻辑不通。同时，记叙文需要事件的发展过程作支撑，一半以上的题目都会用来检测考生对故事的了解，因此，我们必须弄明白整件事情的发展脉络。而其余像主旨大意、作者意图之类的题目，则取决于文章的落句，集中考查对作者所发的感触的理解。总之，细节题是记叙文命题的主流题型。而寓意之类的题则是高一层次的题，有一定的难度和区分度，它们是拉开差距的

3、题，答对了这些题，你才有可能成功地跻身高分之列。综上所述，记叙文的应对策略：不漏细节，奠定基础；把准寓意，方能成功。体裁演练(2017全国新课标)I work with Volunteers for Wildlife，a rescue and education organization at Bailey Arboretum in Locust Valley.Trying to help injured，displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking；survival is never certain.However，when it work

4、s，it is simply beautiful.I got a rescue call from a woman in Muttontown.She had found a young owl (猫头鹰) on the ground.When I arrived，I saw a 2 to 3weekold owl.It had already been placed in a carrier for safety.I examined the chick (雏鸟) and it seemed fine.If I could locate the nest，I might have been

5、able to put it back，but no luck.My next work was to construct a nest and anchor it in a tree.The homeowner was very helpful.A wire basket was found.I put some pine branches into the basket to make this nest safe and comfortable.I placed the chick in the nest，and it quickly calmed down.Now all that w

6、as needed were the parents，but they were absent.I gave the homeowner a recording of the hunger screams of owl chicks.These advertise the presence of chicks to adults；they might also encourage our chick to start calling as well.I gave the owner as much information as possible and headed home to see w

7、hat news the night might bring.A nervous night to be sure，but sometimes the spirits of nature smile on us all! The homeowner called to say that the parents had responded to the recordings.I drove over and saw the chick in the nest looking healthy and active.And it was accompanied in the nest by the

8、greatest sight of allLUNCH！The parents had done their duty and would probably continue to do so.1What is unavoidable in the authors rescue work according to paragraph 1?AEfforts made in vain.BGetting injured in his work.CFeeling uncertain about his future.DCreatures forced out of their homes.2Why wa

9、s the author called to Muttontown?ATo rescue a woman.BTo take care of a woman.CTo look at a baby owl.DTo cure a young owl.3What made the chick calm down?AA new nest. BSome food.CA recording. DIts parents.4How would the author feel about the outcome of theevent?AIts unexpected. BIts beautiful.CIts hu

10、morous. DIts discouraging.【能力提升】 ABenjamin West，the father of American painting，showed his talent for art when he was only six years of age.But he did not know about brushes before a visitor told him he needed one.In those days，a brush was made from camels hair.There were no camels nearby.Benjamin d

11、ecided that cat hair would work instead.He cut some fur from the family cat to make a brush.The brush did not last long.Soon Benjamin needed more fur.Before long，the cat began to look ragged(蓬乱)His father said that the cat must be sick.Benjamin was forced to admit what he had been doing.The_cats_lot

12、_was_about_to_improve.That year，one of Benjamins cousins，Mr.Pennington，came to visit.He was impressed with Benjamins drawings.When he went home，he sent Benjamin a box of paint and some brushes.He also sent six engravings(版画) by an artist.These were the first pictures and first real paint and brushes

13、 Benjamin had ever seen.In 1747，when Benjamin was nine years old，Mr.Pennington returned for another visit.He was amazed at what Benjamin had done with his gift.He asked Benjamins parents if he might take the boy back to Philadelphia for a visit.In the city，Mr.Pennington gave Benjamin materials for c

14、reating oil paintings.The boy began a landscape(风景)painting.William Williams，a wellknown painter，came to see him work.Williams was impressed with Benjamin and gave him two classic books on painting to take home.The books were long and dull.Benjamin could read only a little，having been a poor student

15、.But he later said，“Those two books were my companions by day，and under my pillow at night.” While it is likely that he understood very little of the books，they were his introduction to classical paintings.The nineyearold boy decided then that he would be an artist.1What is the text mainly about?ABe

16、njamins visit to Philadelphia.BWilliams influence on Benjamin.CThe beginning of Benjamins life as an artist.DThe friendship between Benjamin and Pennington.2What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 3 suggest?AThe cat would be closely watched.BThe cat would get some medical care.CBenjamin would

17、 leave his home shortly.DBenjamin would have real brushes soon.3What did Pennington do to help Benjamin develop his talent?AHe took him to see painting exhibitions.BHe provided him with painting materials.CHe sent him to a school in Philadelphia.DHe taught him how to make engravings.4Williams two bo

18、oks helped Benjamin to _.Amaster the use of paintsBappreciate landscape paintingsCget to know other paintersDmake up his mind to be a painterBMy elder brother Steve gave me important lessons in values that helped me grow into an adult after our father died when I was six.For instance, Steve taught m

19、e to face the results of my behavior. Once when I returned in tears from a Saturday baseball game, Steve took time to ask me what had happened. When I explained that my baseball had broken Mrs. Holts basement window, Steve encouraged me to confess to it. After all, I should have been playing in the

20、park and not in the path between buildings. Although my knees knocked as I explained to Mrs. Holt, I offered to pay for the window if she would return my ball. I also learned from Steve that personal property (财产) is a sacred thing. After I found a shiny silver pen in my fifthgrade classroom, I want

21、ed to keep it, but Steve explained that it might be important to someone else. I returned the pen to my teacher, Mrs. Davids, and she praised me.Yet of all the instructions Steve gave me, his respect for life is the most vivid in my mind. When I was twelve, I killed an old brown sparrow in the yard

22、with a BB gun. Excited with my accuracy, I screamed to Steve to come from the house to take a look. I shall never forget the way he stood for a long moment and stared at the bird on the ground. Then in a dead, quiet voice, he asked, “Did it hurt you first, Mark？” I didnt know what to answer. He cont

23、inued with his eyes firm，“ The only time you should even think of hurting a living thing is whether it hurts you first. And then you think a long, long time. ”I really felt terrible then, but that moment stands out as the most important lesson my brother taught me.5What does the underlined word “con

24、fess” in Paragraph 2 mean?ACover. BAdmit.CDeny. DAgree.6How did the author feel when he faced Mrs. Holt?AHe was unwilling.BHe felt frightened.CHe appeared challenging.DHe was lighthearted.7Which was the most important lesson the author learned from his brother?ACare for the property of others.BThe v

25、alue of honesty.CResponsibility for ones actions.DRespect for living things.8What technique does the author mainly use to organize the text?ATime order. BCause and effect.CExamples. DLogical reasoning.CI first met Paul Newman in 1968，when George Roy Hill，the director of Butch Cassidy and the Sundanc

26、e Kid，introduced us in New York City.When the studio didnt want me for the filmit wanted somebody as well known as Paulhe stood up for me.I dont know how many people would have done that; they would have listened to their agents or the studio powers.The friendship that grew out of the experience of

27、making that film and The Sting four years later had its root in the fact that although there was an age difference，we both came from a tradition of theater and live TV.We were respectful of craft (技艺) and focused on digging into the characters we were going to play.Both of us had the qualities and v

28、irtues that are typical of American actors: humorous，aggressive，and making fun of each otherbut always with an underlying affection.Those were also at the core (核心) of our relationship off the screen.We shared the belief that if youre fortunate enough to have success，you should put something backhe

29、with his Newmans Own food and his Hole in the Wall camps for kids who are seriously ill，and me with Sundance and the institute and the festival.Paul and I didnt see each other all that regularly，but sharing that brought us together.We supported each other financially and by showing up at events.I la

30、st saw him a few months ago.Hed been in and out of the hospital.He and I both knew what the deal was，and we didnt talk about it.Ours was a relationship that didnt need a lot of words.9Why was the studio unwilling to give the role to the author at first?APaul Newman wanted it.BThe studio powers didnt

31、 like his agent.CHe wasnt famous enough.DThe director recommended someone else.10Why did Paul and the author have a lasting friendship?AThey were of the same age.BThey worked in the same theater.CThey were both good actors.DThey had similar characteristics.11What does the underlined word “that” in p

32、aragraph 3 refer to?ATheir belief.BTheir care for children.CTheir success.DTheir support for each other.12What is the authors purpose in writing the text?ATo show his love of films.BTo remember a friend.CTo introduce a new movie.DTo share his acting experience.DMinutes after the last movie ended yesterday at the Plaza Theater，employees were busy sweeping up pop