届高考英语二轮复习闯关导练第二部分阅读理解技巧与体裁演练课时10阅读理解体裁解读1.docx
《届高考英语二轮复习闯关导练第二部分阅读理解技巧与体裁演练课时10阅读理解体裁解读1.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《届高考英语二轮复习闯关导练第二部分阅读理解技巧与体裁演练课时10阅读理解体裁解读1.docx（16页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。
届高考英语二轮复习闯关导练第二部分阅读理解技巧与体裁演练课时10阅读理解体裁解读1
课时10 阅读理解体裁解读
（1）
—记叙文【体裁解读】
高考阅读理解体裁纷繁多样，但每套试卷通常包含一到两篇记叙文。
在所有的阅读体裁中，记叙文的难度相对是比较低的。
如果掌握了阅读的技巧，多多实践，阅读能力就会大大提高。
1．记叙文写作特点
记叙文是一种记载和叙述事件由来，描绘事物和人物情景状态、过程及发展的文体。
消息、通讯、传记、游记、小说、童话、寓言以及记叙性的散文等文体，都属于记叙文的范畴。
就写作顺序而言，记叙文要么是按时间顺序，要么是按事件的重要性的顺序来展开。
不管是哪种叙述方法，最后经常会有一两句话抒发作者的情绪与感悟，这是记叙文的精华所在，也是阅读的难点所在，可谓“一篇之妙，在于落句”。
2．记叙文命题特点
从命题形式上看，常见的有细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意、推理判断、作者意图等题型。
除了推论或词义辨识题，记叙文命题的顺序一般都会按照文章的脉络和故事发展的顺序层层推进，否则就会觉得别扭，逻辑不通。
同时，记叙文需要事件的发展过程作支撑，一半以上的题目都会用来检测考生对故事的了解，因此，我们必须弄明白整件事情的发展脉络。
而其余像主旨大意、作者意图之类的题目，则取决于文章的落句，集中考查对作者所发的感触的理解。
总之，细节题是记叙文命题的主流题型。
而寓意之类的题则是高一层次的题，有一定的难度和区分度，它们是拉开差距的题，答对了这些题，你才有可能成功地跻身高分之列。
综上所述，记叙文的应对策略：
不漏细节，奠定基础；把准寓意，方能成功。
体裁演练（2017·全国新课标Ⅰ）
IworkwithVolunteersforWildlife，arescueandeducationorganizationatBaileyArboretuminLocustValley.Tryingtohelpinjured，displacedorsickcreaturescanbeheartbreaking；survivalisnevercertain.However，whenitworks，itissimplybeautiful.
IgotarescuecallfromawomaninMuttontown.Shehadfoundayoungowl（猫头鹰）ontheground.WhenIarrived，Isawa2to3weekoldowl.Ithadalreadybeenplacedinacarrierforsafety.
Iexaminedthechick（雏鸟）anditseemedfine.IfIcouldlocatethenest，Imighthavebeenabletoputitback，butnoluck.Mynextworkwastoconstructanestandanchoritinatree.
Thehomeownerwasveryhelpful.Awirebasketwasfound.Iputsomepinebranchesintothebaskettomakethisnestsafeandcomfortable.Iplacedthechickinthenest，anditquicklycalmeddown.
Nowallthatwasneededweretheparents，buttheywereabsent.Igavethehomeownerarecordingofthehungerscreamsofowlchicks.Theseadvertisethepresenceofchickstoadults；theymightalsoencourageourchicktostartcallingaswell.Igavetheownerasmuchinformationaspossibleandheadedhometoseewhatnewsthenightmightbring.
Anervousnighttobesure，butsometimesthespiritsofnaturesmileonusall!
Thehomeownercalledtosaythattheparentshadrespondedtotherecordings.Idroveoverandsawthechickinthenestlookinghealthyandactive.Anditwasaccompaniedinthenestbythegreatestsightofall—LUNCH！
Theparentshaddonetheirdutyandwouldprobablycontinuetodoso.
1．Whatisunavoidableintheauthor'srescueworkaccordingtoparagraph1?
A．Effortsmadeinvain.
B．Gettinginjuredinhiswork.
C．Feelinguncertainabouthisfuture.
D．Creaturesforcedoutoftheirhomes.
2．WhywastheauthorcalledtoMuttontown?
A．Torescueawoman.
B．Totakecareofawoman.
C．Tolookatababyowl.
D．Tocureayoungowl.
3．Whatmadethechickcalmdown?
A．Anewnest.B．Somefood.
C．Arecording.D．Itsparents.
4．Howwouldtheauthorfeelabouttheoutcomeoftheevent?
A．It'sunexpected.B．It'sbeautiful.
C．It'shumorous.D．It'sdiscouraging.
【能力提升】
A
BenjaminWest，thefatherofAmericanpainting，showedhistalentforartwhenhewasonlysixyearsofage.Buthedidnotknowaboutbrushesbeforeavisitortoldhimheneededone.Inthosedays，abrushwasmadefromcamel'shair.Therewerenocamelsnearby.Benjamindecidedthatcathairwouldworkinstead.Hecutsomefurfromthefamilycattomakeabrush.
Thebrushdidnotlastlong.SoonBenjaminneededmorefur.Beforelong，thecatbegantolookragged（蓬乱）．Hisfathersaidthatthecatmustbesick.Benjaminwasforcedtoadmitwhathehadbeendoing.
The_cat's_lot_was_about_to_improve.Thatyear，oneofBenjamin'scousins，Mr.Pennington，cametovisit.HewasimpressedwithBenjamin'sdrawings.Whenhewenthome，hesentBenjaminaboxofpaintandsomebrushes.Healsosentsixengravings（版画）byanartist.ThesewerethefirstpicturesandfirstrealpaintandbrushesBenjaminhadeverseen.
In1747，whenBenjaminwasnineyearsold，Mr.Penningtonreturnedforanothervisit.HewasamazedatwhatBenjaminhaddonewithhisgift.HeaskedBenjamin'sparentsifhemighttaketheboybacktoPhiladelphiaforavisit.
Inthecity，Mr.PenningtongaveBenjaminmaterialsforcreatingoilpaintings.Theboybeganalandscape（风景）painting.WilliamWilliams，awellknownpainter，cametoseehimwork.WilliamswasimpressedwithBenjaminandgavehimtwoclassicbooksonpaintingtotakehome.Thebookswerelonganddull.Benjamincouldreadonlyalittle，havingbeenapoorstudent.Buthelatersaid，“Thosetwobooksweremycompanionsbyday，andundermypillowatnight.”Whileitislikelythatheunderstoodverylittleofthebooks，theywerehisintroductiontoclassicalpaintings.Thenineyearoldboydecidedthenthathewouldbeanartist.
1．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?
A．Benjamin'svisittoPhiladelphia.
B．Williams'influenceonBenjamin.
C．ThebeginningofBenjamin'slifeasanartist.
D．ThefriendshipbetweenBenjaminandPennington.
2．Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph3suggest?
A．Thecatwouldbecloselywatched.
B．Thecatwouldgetsomemedicalcare.
C．Benjaminwouldleavehishomeshortly.
D．Benjaminwouldhaverealbrushessoon.
3．WhatdidPenningtondotohelpBenjamindevelophistalent?
A．Hetookhimtoseepaintingexhibitions.
B．Heprovidedhimwithpaintingmaterials.
C．HesenthimtoaschoolinPhiladelphia.
D．Hetaughthimhowtomakeengravings.
4．Williams'twobookshelpedBenjaminto________.
A．mastertheuseofpaints
B．appreciatelandscapepaintings
C．gettoknowotherpainters
D．makeuphismindtobeapainter
B
MyelderbrotherStevegavemeimportantlessonsinvaluesthathelpedmegrowintoanadultafterourfatherdiedwhenIwassix.
Forinstance,Stevetaughtmetofacetheresultsofmybehavior.OncewhenIreturnedintearsfromaSaturdaybaseballgame,Stevetooktimetoaskmewhathadhappened.WhenIexplainedthatmybaseballhadbrokenMrs.Holt'sbasementwindow,Steveencouragedmetoconfesstoit.Afterall,Ishouldhavebeenplayingintheparkandnotinthepathbetweenbuildings.AlthoughmykneesknockedasIexplainedtoMrs.Holt,Iofferedtopayforthewindowifshewouldreturnmyball.IalsolearnedfromStevethatpersonalproperty（财产）isasacredthing.AfterIfoundashinysilverpeninmyfifthgradeclassroom,Iwantedtokeepit,butSteveexplainedthatitmightbeimportanttosomeoneelse.Ireturnedthepentomyteacher,Mrs.Davids,andshepraisedme.
YetofalltheinstructionsStevegaveme,hisrespectforlifeisthemostvividinmymind.WhenIwastwelve,IkilledanoldbrownsparrowintheyardwithaBBgun.Excitedwithmyaccuracy,IscreamedtoStevetocomefromthehousetotakealook.Ishallneverforgetthewayhestoodforalongmomentandstaredatthebirdontheground.Theninadead,quietvoice,heasked,“Didithurtyoufirst,Mark？
”Ididn'tknowwhattoanswer.Hecontinuedwithhiseyesfirm，“Theonlytimeyoushouldeventhinkofhurtingalivingthingiswhetherithurtsyoufirst.Andthenyouthinkalong,longtime.”Ireallyfeltterriblethen,butthatmomentstandsoutasthemostimportantlessonmybrothertaughtme.
5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“confess”inParagraph2mean?
A．Cover.B．Admit.
C．Deny.D．Agree.
6．HowdidtheauthorfeelwhenhefacedMrs.Holt?
A．Hewasunwilling.
B．Hefeltfrightened.
C．Heappearedchallenging.
D．Hewaslighthearted.
7．Whichwasthemostimportantlessontheauthorlearnedfromhisbrother?
A．Careforthepropertyofothers.
B．Thevalueofhonesty.
C．Responsibilityforone'sactions.
D．Respectforlivingthings.
8．Whattechniquedoestheauthormainlyusetoorganizethetext?
A．Timeorder.B．Causeandeffect.
C．Examples.D．Logicalreasoning.
C
IfirstmetPaulNewmanin1968，whenGeorgeRoyHill，thedirectorofButchCassidyandtheSundanceKid，introducedusinNewYorkCity.Whenthestudiodidn'twantmeforthefilm—itwantedsomebodyaswellknownasPaul—hestoodupforme.Idon'tknowhowmanypeoplewouldhavedonethat;theywouldhavelistenedtotheiragentsorthestudiopowers.
ThefriendshipthatgrewoutoftheexperienceofmakingthatfilmandTheStingfouryearslaterhaditsrootinthefactthatalthoughtherewasanagedifference，webothcamefromatraditionoftheaterandliveTV.Wewererespectfulofcraft（技艺）andfocusedondiggingintothecharactersweweregoingtoplay.BothofushadthequalitiesandvirtuesthataretypicalofAmericanactors:
humorous，aggressive，andmakingfunofeachother—butalwayswithanunderlyingaffection.Thosewerealsoatthecore（核心）ofourrelationshipoffthescreen.
Wesharedthebeliefthatifyou'refortunateenoughtohavesuccess，youshouldputsomethingback—hewithhisNewman'sOwnfoodandhisHoleintheWallcampsforkidswhoareseriouslyill，andmewithSundanceandtheinstituteandthefestival.PaulandIdidn'tseeeachotherallthatregularly，butsharingthatbroughtustogether.Wesupportedeachotherfinanciallyandbyshowingupatevents.
Ilastsawhimafewmonthsago.He'dbeeninandoutofthehospital.HeandIbothknewwhatthedealwas，andwedidn'ttalkaboutit.Ourswasarelationshipthatdidn'tneedalotofwords.
9．Whywasthestudiounwillingtogivetheroletotheauthoratfirst?
A．PaulNewmanwantedit.
B．Thestudiopowersdidn'tlikehisagent.
C．Hewasn'tfamousenough.
D．Thedirectorrecommendedsomeoneelse.
10．WhydidPaulandtheauthorhavealastingfriendship?
A．Theywereofthesameage.
B．Theyworkedinthesametheater.
C．Theywerebothgoodactors.
D．Theyhadsimilarcharacteristics.
11．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph3referto?
A．Theirbelief.
B．Theircareforchildren.
C．Theirsuccess.
D．Theirsupportforeachother.
12．Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?
A．Toshowhisloveoffilms.
B．Torememberafriend.
C．Tointroduceanewmovie.
D．Tosharehisactingexperience.
D
MinutesafterthelastmovieendedyesterdayatthePlazaTheater，employeeswerebusysweepinguppop
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