非谓语动词易错易混点.docx

1、非谓语动词易错易混点非谓语动词易错易混点一、单项选择非谓语动词1 in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.ALosing BHaving lostCLost DTo lose【答案】C【解析】【分析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于陷入沉思中，他差点撞上了前面那辆车。分析句子可知，本句为过去分词作原因状语，其逻辑主语与句子的主语一致都是he，逻辑主语省去了 。故选C。2Someone who lacks staying power and perseverance is unlikely to _ a good resea

2、rcher.Amake BturnCget Dgrow【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。make表示“发展成为(=develop into)”，是及物动词；turn表示“变成，成为”是不及物动词；get“变成，做成”是不及物动词；grow表示“生长，成长”。根据句意“缺乏智能和毅力的人是不可能成为一个好的研究人员的。”及句式结构可知，此处应使用及物动词表示“使成为”之意，make a good researcher 意为“成为一个出色的研究者”。故最佳答案应为A项。3_ terrible, the medicine was thrown away by the child.ATasted BTa

3、stingCTo taste DBeing tasted【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这种药尝起来非常难吃，被这个孩子扔掉了。主语是medicine，taste与主语是主动关系，而且taste是系动词无被动，因此用现在分词，故选B。4Life is a journey _with hardships, joys and special moments.Afilled Bto fill Cfilling Dhaving filled【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词，句意：生命是一个充满艰辛，快乐和特别时刻的旅程。在题干中_with hardship做journey的后置

4、定语，与所修饰的journey构成被动关系，所以使用过去分词filled。be filled with做定语的时候，可以把be去掉。也可以转换成定语从句。故选A。5Simon made a big bamboo box the little sick bird till it would fly.A keep B kept C keeping D to keep【答案】D【解析】 6(天津) _ for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.ATo work BWorkedCTo be working DHaving

5、worked【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意：工作了两天，Steve成功的按时完成了他的报告。句中的逻辑主语为Steve，与work之间为主动关系，故用现在分词，这里用having worked，表示动作的先后性。故选D。【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。7 _in painting, John didnt notice evening approaching.ATo absorb BTo be absorbedCAbsorbed DAbsorbing【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：全神贯注于绘画中，约翰没有注意到晚上到了。短语be absorbed in全神贯注于，在句中作状语，省

6、略be动词，故选C。【点睛】本题考查的非谓语动词为高中重点语法之一。在分析题目的时候，首先要抓住非谓语动词所对应的逻辑主语，确定逻辑主语之后，再分析非谓语动词和逻辑主语在搭配使用时是主动还是被动关系，最后根据句意选择正确的答案。8 ourselves from the physical and mental tensions, we each need deep thought and inner quietness.AHaving freed BFreedCTo free DFreeing【答案】C【解析】试题分析：在 if 引导的条件状语从句中，如果从句谈论的是一个有可能发生的事实及其产生

7、的相关的结果，主句用一般将来时态，从句用一般现在时态。此句中的whos to say that another person will?可知主句用的是将来时，故if引导的条件状语从句要用一般现在时。句意：这就是为什么我要使人们的日子变得鲜活起来。如果你不这样做，你说谁会这样做？【考点定位】考查if引导的条件状语。9The sign on the wall of the library says, “No magazine is allowed out of the reading room”.Abeing taken Bto takeCto be taken Dtaking【答案】C【解析】【

8、详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：图书馆墙上的牌子上写着：“杂志不允许带出阅览室。”be allowed to do“被允许做”。根据句意可知，此处应使用被动式。故C选项正确。10Most colleges now offer first-year students a course specially _ to help them succeed academically and personally.Adesigned BdesigningCto design Dbeing designed【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：现在大多数大学都为一年级学生开设了一门课程，专门帮助他们在

9、学业和个人方面取得成功。a course和design之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词。故选A。11More highways have been built in China, _ it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.Amaking Bmade Cto make Dhaving made【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国修建了越来越多的高速公路，人们更加方便从一个地点到另外一个地点。空格后面是it，说明是主动关系，排除B；不能选择C的原因是to do作目的状语，不符合句意；根据句意可知，此

10、处是现在分词做结果状语。故选A。12(陕西高考)I still remember_to the Famen Temple and what I saw there.Ato take Bto be takenCtaking Dbeing taken【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我仍旧记得被带去法门寺和在那里看到的。remember to do sth.“记得要做某事(该动作未发生)”；remember doing sth.“记得做过某事(该动作已经发生)”。依据后文的“what I saw there”可知这里说的是记得已经发生的动作；再者take的宾语就是句子的主语，二者之间

11、是动宾关系，应用被动形式，所以选being taken。故选D。13(北京) Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time _ with his students.Ato spend BspendCspending Dspent【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：Jim已经退休了，但是他依然记得和学生一起度过的快乐时光。句子已经有了谓语，空格只能填非谓语动词，逻辑主语是time，和spend之间是被动关系，故用过去分词spent。故选D项。14 Hours of playing violent video games

12、can affect the way the brain works, _ damage to certain cells of brain.Ato cause Bcause Ccausing Dcaused【答案】C【解析】试题分析：考查非谓语动词。causing 现在分词作结果状语。句意：连续几个小时打暴力的电子游戏会影响大脑的工作方式，危害大脑细胞并减慢大脑的活动。故C正确。考点：考查非谓语动词15Students surf the internet _ more information about the university they are dreamt of.Afound Bfi

13、ndingChaving found Dto find【答案】D【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：学生们上网是为了找到他们理想大学的更多的信息。此处表示目的用不定式，指上网的目的。故选D。16_ what had happened, they knew I would struggle and simply wanted to help because it was the right thing to do.AHearing BTo have heard CHaving heard DHeard【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语作状语。句意：听到发生的事情之后，他们知道我会努力，他们只是想帮忙

14、，因为这是正确的事情。分析句子可知，本句的主语是they，与动词hear是主动关系，空格发生的事是在they knew之前，因此要用完成时，故选C。17Peter was so excited _ he received an invitation from his friend _Chongqing.Athat; to visit Bwhen; to visitCthat; visiting Dwhen; visiting【答案】B【解析】考查不定式和状语从句。句意：彼得收到朋友邀请他访问重庆的请帖时激动不已。When引导时间状语从句，that引导结果状语从句；to visit 限定invi

15、tation做后置定语。Visiting限定friend做后置定语，句意改变了。选B。18_ your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions.AUnderstanding BTo be understoodCBeing understood DHaving understood【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：了解你自己的需求和沟通方式与学习传达你的感情和情绪同样重要。不定式（短语）或动名词（短语）均可作主语，区

16、别在于不定式常表示将来，是特指；而动名词表示一般情况，是泛指。而本句指的是普遍现象，属泛指，故用动名词较好。故选A。19The young man, _ in heavy traffic on the way, got home an hour later than usual.Acatching Bcaught.Chaving caught Dto be caught【答案】B【解析】试题分析:句意：这个年轻人，在路上堵车了，比往常到家晚了一个小时。Be caught in“陷入”，做状语时省掉be动词，表示状态，选B。考点：考查非谓语动词20Urban Chinese travelled

17、to 68 countries during the Spring Festival holiday, _ an average of 6,000 yuan each.Aspent BspendingCto spend Dhaving spent【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：春节假期期间，中国的城市人去了68个国家旅行，平均每人花费6000元。该句中的逻辑主语Urban Chinese与spend之间是主谓的关系，所以该空需用现在分词。故选B项。21Did Jackson mend the computer himself?He_, because he knows noth

18、ing about computers.Amended it Bhad mended it Chad it mended Dhas it mended【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查时态和非谓语动词。句意：Jackson是自己修的电脑吗？他找人修的，因为他不懂电脑。根据后一句because he knows nothing about computers.可知，Jackson不懂电脑，所以他请人修理电脑，根据上文的Did判断为一般过去时，it和mend之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补，had it mended让电脑被修，故选C项。【点睛】本句考查have作为使役动词的用法，其搭配通常为hav

19、e sb/sth do/ done/doing其中do/doing/done是宾语的补语，例如1. You should have your teeth pulled out.你应该拔牙。（牙齿和pull之间是被动关系，故用过去分词）2. The teacher had Mary clean the classroom.老师让玛丽打扫教室。（Mary和clean之间是主动，且是一次性动作，故用动词原形）3. His joke had me laughing for a whole afternoon。他的笑话让我笑了一下午。（me和laugh之间是主动，且表动作延续了一段时间，故用doing）

20、22In 2015, China won the bid to host the Winter Olympics, _ Beijing the first city in the world to host both the Summer and Winter Games.Amake Bmaking Cto make Dmade【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查现在分词作结果状语的用法。句意：2015年，中国中标了冬奥会的举办权，使得北京成为世界上第一个夏季和冬季奥运会都举办的城市。分析句子结构，逗号之前为完整的主句，阐述了“中标举办权”的事实，逗号之后则补充说明了先前事实所带来的进一步意料之中的

21、结果，应用现在分词作结果状语，故选B。23I watched Mikes adolescence, _ he ran into trouble, _things at the wrong time and misunderstood by many people.Awhen; saying Bwhich; said Cwhen; said Dwhich; saying【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查定语从句和现在分词。句意：我目睹了迈克的青春期，那段期间他遇到了麻烦，说错话，被很多人误解。分析句子可知，adolescence为先行词在后面的非限制性定语从句中作时间状语从句，所以第一个空应选关系副

22、词为when。再分析句子可知，he 与say在逻辑上是主动关系，所以第二个空选现在分词saying。故选A项。24With a lot of difficult problems _, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.Asettled BsettlingCto settle Dbeing settled【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于许多困难的问题要解决，新当选的总统日子很不好过。动词不定式to settle作定语表示现在或将来要解决的难题；过去分词settled作定语表示已经解决的难题；现在分词的被动式b

23、eing settled作定语表示正在被解决的难题。所提供的语境the newly-elected president is having a hard time说明新任总统现在和将来都有难以解决的问题，所以要用to settle作定语。故选C项。【点睛】with结构是许多英语复合结构中最常用的一种。学好它对学好复合宾语结构、不定式复合结构、动名词复合结构和独立主格结构均能起很重要的作用。with结构：with + 宾语（名词或代词）+ 宾补（介词短语，形容词，副词现在分词，过去分词，不定式）,是一个独立主格结构，在句中做状语，可表原因，伴随等。The teacher came in with

24、 a book in his hand.老师手里拿着一本书进来了。With a lot of work to do, I have no time go out with you.(不定 式表将来动作)有许多工作要做，我没时间和你一起出去。We found the house easily with the little boy leading the way.(现在分词表示主动动作，即分词所表示的动作是由with后的宾语发出来的)With all the things she needed bought, she went home happily.(过去分词表示被动，with后面的宾语与过

25、去分词之间是被动关系)25(福建) _ basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.AKnown BHaving knownCKnowing DBeing known【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动名词。句意：了解基本的急救知识可以帮助您快速应对紧急情况。分析句子成分，谓语是will help，所以前面的是主语，用动名词做主语，故选C项。26The _ boy was last seen _ near the bank of the lake.Amissing; playing Bmissing

26、; play Cmissed; played Dmissed; to play【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：那个失踪的男孩最后被看见时正在湖边玩。missing是形容词，作boy的定语，意思是“失踪的”。was last seen playing表示被看见时正在玩，play作宾语补足语，表示动作在进行，用现在分词。结合选项，故选A。27There are still many problems _ before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.Asolving BsolvedCbeing solved Dto be solve

27、d【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在我们准备在月球上长期停留之前，还有许多问题要解决。根据非谓语动词作定语的规则，现在分词表示主动和正在发生，过去分词表示被动或完成，而不定式表示将要发生，故选D。28_ their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory.ATo throw BThrown CBeing thrown DThrowing【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查现在分词做状语。句意：获胜球队的粉丝把帽子扔到天空，他们发出胜利的欢呼。分析句子结构可知，

28、逗号前的部分充当状语，故用非谓语动词，the fans和throw是主动关系，故用现在分词形式，故选。29I am so thrilled to have my underwater photos _ in the National Geographic and on the cover!Ato be featured Bfeatured Cbeing featured Dto feature【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我很兴奋我的水下照片出现在国家地理杂志里和封面上。have sth done使某事被做，这是个固定用法。故选B。30（北京）The national par

29、k has a large collection of wildlife, _ from butterflies to elephants.Aranging BrangeCto range Dranged【答案】A【解析】试题分析：句意：国家公园有许多的野生动物，包括从蝴蝶到大象等等。此处野生动物和range之间是主动关系，用现在分词，故选A。考点：考查非谓语动词。名师点睛现在分词和过去分词的区别：在语态上，现在分词表示主动意义，过去分词表示被动意义；在时间上，现在分词表示的动作往往正在进行或者与谓语动词同时发生，过去分词表示的动作已经完成或没有一定的时间性。如：falling leaves

30、正在下落的树叶 fallen leaves 已经落在地上的树叶分词的作用作定语单个分词作定语，分词前置。如：The sleeping boy is my son.The excited people rushed into the building.分词短语作定语，分词后置；分词修饰不定代词something等要后置；个别分词如give，left等作定语也后置。如：The girl standing under the tree is my niece.The building built last year is our library.过去分词作定语与其修饰的词是被动关系，相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。如：Most of the people invited to the party were famous scientists作状语现在分词和过去分词在句中可以作时间、原因、方式、伴随、条件、结果等状语。Not receiving any letter from him, I gave him a call.As I didn