初中英语语法总复习形容词A.docx

1、初中英语语法总复习形容词A2020中考英语英语语法总复习形容词和副词1形容词1）形容词作定语，一般放于被修饰的名词之前。如：Jenny is a nice girl. He has a beautiful car.2）形容词修饰不定代词，应放于不定代词的后面作后置定语。如：I have something important to tell you.There is nothing wrong with my watch.2.形容词作表语。形容词可以用在动词的后面作表语，系动词有be,grow,get,become,seem,look,keep,smell,taste,sound,turn.等

2、。如：The days will get longer when spring comes. You all look fine.形容词的位置在宾语之后。如：The news made everyone happy.4名词化的形容词。形容词与冠词一起表示某一类人 或物，在句中作主语或宾语，起名词的作用。如：The young should be police to the old.二，副词1，副词的构成（1）许多词既是形容词，又是副词，如hard ,high,early,well,fast等(2)许多副词由形容词转化而来：方法是形容词词尾加ly，如：carefully,slowly,quick

3、ly等。注意：A，结尾y的，变y 为I再加-ly，如busy-busily,happy-happily.B.以e 结尾的，大部分直接加-ly，如：wide- widely,brave-bravely有几个特殊的要去e后再加-y,如：true-truly,terrible- terriblely. possible possiblely(3) 有些带ly 副词与其相应的形容词意义不一样。如：hard困难的 near 附近的 late 迟的 hardly 几乎不 nearly 差不多 lately 近来的2副词的分类：（1）时间副词now,usually,often sometimes,alway

4、s（2）地点副词here,there,out,outside（3）方式副词hard,well,fast,slowly （4）程度副词very,much,till,almost（5）疑问副词how why,where,when（6）连接副词whether,why ,when,how 三形容词和副词的比较级和最高级大多数形容词有三个等级：原级（即原形） 比较级：表示“较-”或“更一些”。最高级：表示“最”之意。形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则变化：单音节和少数双音节词的构成变化如下：1. 单音节和少数双音节形容词。 1) 加-er,如smart smarter; calm calmer。 2

5、) 以e结尾的直接加-r,如large larger; nice nicer。 3) 只有一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节,双写这个辅音字母,再加-er,如thin thinner; fat fatter; big bigger;hot hotter。 4) 以辅音字母加y结尾,先将y改为i,再加-er。如easy easier; early earlier;funny funnier。2. 部分双音节和多音节形容词,由more + 原级构成。如serious more serious; outgoing more outgoing; athletic moreathletic。 3. 不规则形容

6、词,要记住它们的比较级。good better; well better; bad worse; ill worse; many more; much more;little less不规则变化：原级 比较级 最高级Good/wellBad/badlyMany/muchLittleFarold BetterWorseMoreLessFartherFurther BestWorstMostLeastFarthestFurthestOldest/eldest形容词和副词的比较级的用法级 用法 例句比较级 表示两者（人或事物）的比较。副词比较级的用法与形容词相似。在“比较级than”的句中，当tha

7、n前后所使用的动词相同时，通常用助动词代替后面的动词。改为动词或助动词可以省掉。 This cake is more delicious than that one ;Who runs faster than Jim(did) He works much harder that I (do)最高级 表示三者或三者的（人或事物）比较，其中一个在某一个或某一方面超过其他几个时，用最高级的前面一般要加定冠词（副词可省掉the）,后面可带of(in)短语来说明比较的范围。 This picture is the most beautiful of the classroom;.Lin Tao jump

8、ed farthest in our class;Lucy sings (the)best of all.注：形容词和副词的比较级前，有时可以用much,a little,even,a lot等词来修饰，表比较的程度。如：much better,a little taller.同级比较：，表示甲与乙相同用“as+形容词副词原形as”的句型。如：It is important as English.Tom runs as fast as Jack.表示甲不及乙时用“not as (so)+ 形容词副词原形as”的句型，如：It is not as (so)warm today as yester

9、day.He did not come as (so)early as WangLin.几个特殊的比较级的句型：（）比较级比较级，表示“越来越”如He is more and more interested in English.It is getting hotter and hotter.(2)倍数表达：be + 倍数形容词原形as+被比对象；This bag is four times as heavy as that one.be倍数比较级than+被比对象。The +比较级主谓；the +比较级主谓连词连词是一种虚词， 它不能独立担任句子成分而只起连接词与词，短语与短语以及句与句的作

10、用。连词主要可分为两类：并列连词和从属连词。并列连词用来连接平行的词、词组和分句。如：and, but, or, nor, so, therefore, yet, however, for, hence, as well as, bothand, not onlybut also, eitheror, neithernor, (and)then等等并列连词引导两个并列的句子and 与orand 连接两并列结构中，or通常用于否定句，and用于肯定句。个并列的谓语and 连接两个并列的动词不定式both and两者都She plays (both) the piano and the guita

11、rnot onlybut (also), as well as不但而且）She plays not only the piano, but (also) the guitar. 注意： not only but also 关联两个分句时，一个分句因有否定词not 而必须倒装。 Not only does he like reading stories, but also he can even write some.neithenor 意思为既不也不谓语动词采用就近原则，与nor后的词保持一致。Neither you nor he is to blame.or意思为否则。 I must wor

12、k hard, or Ill fail in the exam. eitheror意思为或者或者。注意谓语动词采用就近原则。 Either you or I am rightnotbut 意思为不是而是 not 和but 后面的用词要遵循一致原则。 They were not the bones of an animal, but (the bones) of a human beingalthough yet，但although不与 but连用so与such辨析：such 是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组，so是副词，只能修饰形容词或副词.词。so 还可与表示数量的形容词many，few，muc

13、h， little连用，形成固定搭配。so + adj.such + a(n) + n.so + adj. + a(n) + n. such + n. (pl.)so + adj. + n. (pl.) such +n. (pl.)so + adj. + n. 不可数 such +n. 不可数so foolish such a foolso nice a flower such a nice flowerso many/ few flowers such nice flowersso much/little money. such rapid progressso many people su

14、ch a lot of people so many 已成固定搭配，a lot of 虽相当于 many，但 a lot of 为名词性的，只能用such搭配。 sothat与suchthat之间的转换既为 so与such之间的转换(三) 例题解析 1 I think Chinese is than maths. . interesting B more interesting C. most interesting D. the most interesting 2 - What does Lucy like better, singing or dancing? - Singing. of

15、 course. Shes known to it. A. be good at B. be good for C. be bad at D. be bad for 3 The Huang He River is one of in China. A. The long river B. the longest river C. the longest rivers D. the longer river 4 The girl was afraid she threw her bag away. A. so, that B. too, to C. too, that D. enough, to

16、 5 It was yesterday than today. A. hot B. hoter C. hotter D. the hottest 6 Which subject do you like , English Chinese or maths? A. best B. well C. better D. good 7 None of the students watched it . A. careful enough B. enough carefully 8 she eats, shell be. A. Morefat B. The morefatter C. Morethe f

17、atter D. The morethe fatter 9 I dont think English is Chinese. A. as important as B. not important as C. not so important D. important as 10 Miss Gao is a good English teacher. The students in her class English. A. are interested in B. are interesting in C. are interested at D. are interesting to 11

18、 The twins are together most of the time. So they never feel . A. alone B. lonely C. happily D. friendly 12 What a cough! You seem ill. A. terrible, terribly B. terribly, terrible C. terrible, terrible D. terribly, terribly 13 The two friends were pleased to see each other that they forgot everythin

19、g. A. so B. too C. very D. much 14 Which is , Li Leis box or Han Meimeis box? A. heavy B. heavier C. more heavier D. the heaviest 15 You dont like the same colours and I dont like them, . A. too B. also C. either D. neither 16 Jim is at all his lessons. And Im sure hell do very in the exams. A. well

20、, good B. good, well C. well, well D. good, good 17 You look than before， why? A. more thin B. more thinner C. much more thin D. much thinner 18 Lets go out for supper now. Im very . A. hungry B. angry C. tired D. thirsty 19 - Can you understand me? - Sorry, I can understand you. A. hardly B. almost

21、 C. even D. ever 20 do you write to your penfriend? About twice a month. A. How often B. How soon C. How much D. How long 21 Changjiang River is river in China A. long B. longer C. longest D. the longest 22 Ill work I can. A. so hardly as B. so hard as C. as hardly as D. as hard as 23 It is very to

22、listen to him. A. interested B. interesting C. interested in D. interest 24 Things are worse than I thought. A. more B. few C. very D. much 25 It is one oclock, but her father hasnt come back . A. already B. still C. too D. yet 26 Comrade Chen is older than I. A. very B. more C. much D. quite 27 She

23、 did her homework . A. carefully B. careful C. care D. careless 28 They cant answer the question in Japanese; we cant answer it, . A. also B. too C. either D. neither 29 - How are your parents? - They are very , thank you. A. good B. kind C. well D. happy 30 Peter runs in our class. A. the fast B. f

24、aster C. fastest D. most fast 31 We were all glad that we sang and danced. A. such B. so C. very D. quite 32 Kate sings Joan. A. as well as B. as good as C. so good as D. as better as 33 This egg smells , though it looks all right. A. good B. well C. bad D badly 34 Wait a minute, I have to tell you.

25、 A. something interested B. something interesting C. interesting something D. anything interesting 35 I shall visit you next year. A. sometimes B. sometime C. some time D. some times 36 My sister said she would try to speak English every day.A. a little B. a few C. litttle D. few 37 I have friends h

26、ere and I often visit them. A. few B. little C. a few D. a little 38 Of all these books, do you think, which one is ? A. interesting B. much interesting C. more interesting D. the most interesting 1答案 B. 析 在有than作比较的句子中应用形容词的比较级。 2答案 A. 析 be good at为固定搭配，意为擅长作某事。初中英语中有些这样的固定用法应记牢，而不能似是而非。如： be good

27、at, be bad at, be poor in, be week in, be fit for 3答案 C. 析 在one of + 定冠词+最高级之后的名词应用复数形式。 4答案 A. 析 sothat为如此怎样以至于如何，此句意思是：小女孩如此害怕以至于扔下包跑掉了。而tooto的意思为如何如何，以至于不能作某事。但to的后面是动词原形，而不是从句。 5答案 C. 析 用than表达比较的句中应用比较级 。 6答案 A. 析 在两者之间应用比较级，而在三者之间或三者以上用最高级。C. carefully enough D. enough careful 7答案 C. 析 首先应判定是选

28、用用来修饰名词的形容词还是用来修饰动词的副词。这里是修饰watch这一动词，应选用副词。当enough用来修饰副词或形容词时应放于被修饰的形容词或副词之后。 8答案 D. 析 the+比较级表示越来越本句应译为：她吃得越多，她就会越胖。 9答案 A. 析 think+宾语从句时，应采用否定主句的形式，如：中文讲，我认为你不对，英文应为：我不认为你对。 I dont think you are right. 所以不能选答案B。而C、D均为不正确的表达法。 10答案 A. 析 过去分词常用来修饰人，而现在分词常用来修饰物，如：an interesting book， 实际上过去分词含有被动之意，如

29、：interested 其含意是被所吸引，感动。而interesting 则为使人感兴趣的，如：an interesting man 一个有趣、风趣的人。 11答案 B. 析 alone意为独自的，一个人的，它只能作表语不能作定语。I am not alone in doing such a thing.而lonely 意为寂寞的，孤单的，如：The old man felt lonely. 要体会两个词的区别，如：The old man lived alone, but he didnt feel lonely. 12答案 A. 析 terrible是形容词，而terribly是副词，第一个

30、空是修饰名词的，所以应填入形容词。第二个空ill是形容词，这里terribly 是用来修饰ill的。 13答案 A. 析 这里用的是sothat的固定搭配。 14答案 B. 析 两者之间用比较级，三者或以上用最高级。 15答案 C. 析 在否定句中也应用either, 而不要用too，因too用于肯定句中。 16答案 B. 析 good为形容词，如：He is good. 他是个好人。而well作为身体状况的好坏讲时是形容词，如：He is well为他身体不错，而作为其他意思时为副词，如：He speaks English well. 17答案 D. 析 多音节形容词才用more或most加形容词来表示其比较级或最高级，而thin的比较级为thinner。18答案 A. 析 hungr