九年级英语上Unit3复习1.docx

1、九年级英语上Unit3复习1九年级英语上Unit3复习1教学目标（Language Goal） 1. 能够谈论承诺和不承诺做的情况 2. 能够谈论应该被承诺和不被承诺做的情况 3. 能够针对被承诺和不被承诺做的情况发表自己的观点（同意或者不同意） 4. 能够表达同意或者不同意的理由 目标语言（Target Language） 1. I think sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to drive 我认为应该承诺16岁的小孩开车。 2. I disagree . I think sixteen is too young. 我不同意，我认为16岁那个年纪太年

2、轻了。 3. Do you think thirteen-year-olds should be allowed to have part-time jobs ? 你认为应该承诺13岁的小孩们做兼职工作吗？ 4. No , I dont . 不，我认为不应该。 5. Anna is allowed to wear her own clothes. 安娜能够选择自己的衣服。 6. They are not serious enough at that age. 那个年龄的他们不够稳重。 7. What rules do you have at home ? 你家有什么规定吗？ Well , Im

3、 not allowed to go out on school nights. 噢，我在周一至周五不能外出。 词汇和短语（Vocabulary and expressions） allow 承诺 drive 架车 pierce pis刺穿 license 执照 driver司机 silly愚蠢的、傻的 earring 耳环 concentrate集中 volunteer自愿、理想者 Local地点的 perform表演 primary初级的 go out with their friends 和朋友一块出去 part-time jobs 兼职工作 drivers license 驾驶执照 g

4、et their ears pierced 穿耳孔 choose ones own clothes 选自己的衣服 sixteen-year-olds 十六岁的小孩 seem to 看起来 at that age 在那个年龄 so do we 我们也一样 get to class late . 上课迟到 fail a test 考试不及格 be strict with 对要求严格 the other day 前几天 get to doing sth 着手做某事 look smart 看起来整洁 concentrate on 关注 be a good way to do 是的好方法 Its a g

5、ood idea for sb to do 是的好主意 get noisy 变得嘈杂 at present 目前 have an opportunity to do sth . 有做的机会 be a good experience for sb. 对来说是专门有意义的经历 take time to do things 花费时刻做情况 old peoples home 敬老院 be sleepy 睏 after a long week of classes 上完一周课之后 have Friday afternoons off 周五放假 语法内容：一. 被动语态 1. “语态”表示主语和谓语动词之

6、间的关系。英语中有“两态”的说法，即主动语态和被动语态，本单元中反复显现的should be allowed 确实是一个含有情态动词（should）的被动语态。 先看几个差不多概念 主语是动作的发出者为主动语态 主语是动作的同意者为被动语态 只有及物动词才有被动语态。 2. 被动语态的构成 （1）请大伙儿看图 The office is cleaned every day . The office was cleaned yesterday. Compare active and passive： 动作的同意者the office成了句子的主语，就应该用被动语态。从上面的例句我们能够总结： 一

7、样现在时的被动语态为：主am / is / are （not）过去分词 一样过去时的被动语态为：主was / were 过去分词 如：Butter is made from milk. This house was built 100 years ago. 往常我们学过的was / were born 生于，确实是一个被动语态 born是个过去分词（bear） When were you born ? I was born in 1989. 假如要专门强调动作或行为的执行者，句子后面需接by ，译为“被（由）” 如：We were woken up by a loud noise . 我们被嘈

8、杂的声音吵醒。 （2）请看图 从上面例子，我们能够看出，现在进行时被动语态的构成为 主语is / am / are + being 过去分词 再如： My car is being repaired now. Some new houses are being built near the park. 公园邻近在建一些房子。 （3）请看图 BEFORE NOW 从上面例子，我们能够看显现在完成时被动语态的构成为 主语have / has been 过去分词 如： My key has been stolen. My keys have been stolen. I am not going t

9、o the party , I havent been invited. 含有情态动词的被动语态 情态动词be过去分词 A note had better be left to him. Teenagers should be allowed to wear their own clothes 那个地点我们列举了几个要紧时态，那么其它时态呢？ 一样今后时 主语will be 过去分词 过去今后时 主语would / should + be 过去分词 过去进行时 主语was / were + being 过去分词 过去完成时 主语had + been +过去分词 被动语态的时态是由be的时态决定

10、的，be是什么时态，全句确实是什么时态，be动词后面的过去分词不变。 归纳： 确信句：主语be + 过去分词（by ） 否定句：主语be not 过去分词（by ） 一样疑问句：Be 主语过去分词（by ）? 专门疑问句：疑问词be主语过去分词（by ） 3. 被动语态的用法： （1）不明白或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁，不用by动作执行者短语 Such books are written for children. 这些书是为儿童写的。 I havent been told about it . 没有人告诉我这件事 （2）强调动作的承担者，这时应用by短语。 The cup was brok

11、en by David. （3）作客观说明时，常采纳一种被动语态句型 Its / was said / believed / reported / + that Its reported that about three hundred people were killed in this earthquake. 据报道，这次地震中大约有三百人死亡。 4. 主动语态变为被动语态 把主动语态的句子变为被动语态的方法是： （1）把原句中的宾语变为主语 （2）动词改为被动形式，即be+过去分词 （3）原先的主语，假如需要的话，放在by后面，假如没必要，可省略。 注意事项： 主动语态变成被动语态应注意

12、事项 从主动语态到被动语态的过程中主语、谓语动词、宾语都发生变化。 注意主格与宾格的变化形式。 注意主语的人称及数的变化对be动词带来的阻碍。 注意be动词的时态形式取决于原主动语态的动词时态形式。 5. 被动语态的几种类型 （1）有两个宾语的句子的被动语态（直截了当宾语，间接宾语） 常见的接双宾语的动词有 通常这种句子能够改为以“人”当主语；和以“物”当作主语的两种被动语态。 如：He gave me a book. I was given a book by him. （以I做主语） A book was given to me by Tom. （以物book作主语） He teaches

13、 us English. We are taught English by him. （以人当主语） English is taught us by him. （以物作主语） （2）含有宾语补足语的句子的被动语态 keep, make 三类的动词常常有宾语补足语，在被动语态中，宾语补足语位置不变。 We keep food fresh in the fridge. 主 谓 宾 宾补 Food is kept fresh in the fridge. I saw him go into the office building. He was seen to go into the office

14、building. 英语中有“十大动词”的说法，即feel , hear , listen , have , make , let , look , watch , see , notice ，这些词在主动句中，其后的动词不定式不加to，但变被动句时必须加to. （3）含有短语的主动语态变被动语态 不及物动词没有宾语，因此没有被动语态。但有的不及物动词后面加上介词及其他一些词类构成短语动词之后，其作用相当于及物动词，能够接宾语，因而也能够变为被动语态。在变成被动语态时，不能去掉构成短语动词的介词或副词 They take good care of my child. My child is t

15、aken good care of 他们把我的小孩照管得专门好。 I turned off the radio. The radio was turned off （by me） 附：动词短语的被动语态 take care of be taken care of cut down be cut down laugh at be laughed at look afterbe looked after 下列这些短语本身即是被动语态的形式，不需再加by be covered with 用覆盖着 be interested in 对感爱好 be surprised at 对感到惊奇 be made

16、of （from）用制造的 （4）由情态动词形成的被动语态 含有情态动词的句子在变为被动语态时，在情态动词后面加上be动词即可，其句型如下： 确信句：主语情态动词（can , may , must）+be+ 过去分词 否定句：主语情态动词not + be + 过去分词 疑问句：情态动词（Can , May , Must ）主语be过去分词. 如：We should allow teenagers to surf the Internet . Teenagers should be allowed to surf the Internet. Can you use it ? 你会使用它吗？ Ca

17、n it be used ? 6. 不能用于被动语态的几种情形 （1）当主动结构中的宾语是反身代词和相互代词时，不能改为被动语态。 他在镜中看见了自己的模样。 We often help each other. 我们常常互相关心。 （2）当谓语是表状态的及物动词时（如have , like , take place , belong to ） 如： I like these flowers. 我喜爱这些花。 I will have a meeting. 不说A meeting will be had. 应说A meeting will be held . 二. 重点、难点： 1. the ot

18、her day 我们还能够说the other day , morning , week , month. 不久前的一天，一个上午、一个星期、一个月等 I saw him in London the other day. 我最近有一天在伦敦见过他。 2. get to 着手做某事 and I got to talking about the rules He got to doing the homework after supper. 3. concentrate on sth . 用心于某事（做某件事而不做其他事） He decided to concentrate on English

19、because he just failed the exam. 他决心专攻英语因为他刚刚考试不及格。 This company concentrate on the Chinese market. 这家公司把重点集中在中国市场。 4. be good for 对有好处 有益于（that is good for studying ） This kind of food is good for me. 这种食物对我躯体有益 Sunshine is good for plants. 阳光对植物有益。 5. Its a good idea for sb to do sth. 做对来说是个好主意（It

20、s also probably a good idea for parents to allow ） Its a good idea for us to travel to the south. 6. get noisy 变得嘈杂（I know we got noisy sometimes , ） noise noisy 7. learn from 向学习，从中学习 but we learn a lot from each other. We should learn from our mistakes. 我们应从错误中学习。 8. at present . （At present theyr

21、e too short. ） at present 此刻、现在at this time , now I cant help you at present Im too busy 我现在帮不了你实在太忙了。 9. have an opportunity to do sth 有做的机会 have no opportunity to do 没机会做 I hope to have an opportunity to go to the States. I have no opportunity to have a talk with her I 注意：文中在谈论今后时，用了一些动词过去式和would

22、+ 动原的形式 这是虚拟语气。表示对今后的一种假设。 本单元其他句型结构： 1. sixteen-year-olds十六岁的青青年 它相当于一个名词 相当于sixteen -year- old kids. “一个16岁青青年的表达方式” a kid sixteen years old a kid of sixteen a kid of sixteen years old. a sixteen-year-old kid 2. stop doing He should stop wearing that silly earrings. （Section A 2a） 停止做某事 We two sto

23、pped talking. 我们俩个停止了谈话。 3. 主seem to do sth . 看起来 His temperature seems to be all right. 他的体温看起来完全正常。 seem其他用法 （1）seem+形容词 The question seems quite easy. 那个问题看起来专门容易。 （2）seem+名词 That seems a good idea. 那看起来是个好主意。 （3）It seems + that 从句 It seemed that nobody knew anything about the matter. 看来没有人明白这件事。

24、 4. So do we （Section A 3a） So do we 为倒装句，其结构是So + be 动词/助动词/情态动词主语，在时态上应和上一句保持一致。应翻译为“我们也是如此”用英文说明是： We have a lot of rules at my house , too. 5. on school nights , on Friday nights , on Saturday afternoons. 我们在说某个具体的，特定的早晨、下午、晚上时应用on. 6. be strict with 对要求专门严格 Shes very strict with her children. 她

25、待子女专门严。 7. old peoples home 敬老院 往常我们曾学过old folks home 8. take time to do things 花费时刻做情况。 take在那个地点为“花费”的意思。 类似的词组有： It takes sb some time to do sth . it为形式主语 花时刻做某事 It took me 2 hours to finish the homework. 9. be a great experience for sb. 对来说是一次专门棒的经历。 10. volunteer （1）n. 理想者 volunteer groups 理想小组

26、 volunteers to run Christmas show. 自愿操办、圣诞节表演的人。 （2）v. 自愿或无偿地给予或提供（关心、建议） Tims busy but Ill come , he volunteered. 蒂姆专门忙，我来吧，他主动说道。 11. sleepy想睡的（a. ） Are you sleepy ? 你睏吗？ asleep 睡着的、熟睡的 He waits until the children are asleep. 他一直等到小孩们睡着了。 词组fall asleep 入睡 He was just falling asleep when there was

27、a loud knock at the door. 他刚要入睡，就有人大声敲门。【模拟试题】一. 被动语态专项练习： 选择填空。 1. In some countries , tea _ with milk and sugar. A. is serving B. is served C. serves D. served 2. Great changes _ in my hometown since 1980. A. have been taken place B. took place C. have taken place D. were taken place 3. The new type of car i