精读第5单元语言点.docx

1、精读第5单元语言点Unit 5, Book 4Stripping Down to Bare Happiness1. Difficult Sentences1) Neither one of them, it turned out, was willing to restrict what they considered their “real life” into the brief timebefore work and the tired hours afterwards.What does “real life” here mean according to Sara and Micha

2、el?(= “Real life” here refers to a simple satisfying but not wasteful family life that the couple are after.) Translate this sentence into Chinese.(=他们俩谁都不愿意把他们视为生活中最重要的部分仅仅局限于上班前的一小段时间和下班后已疲惫不堪的那几个小时。)2) They decided to spend their money only on things thatcontributed to their major goal, the const

3、ruction of a world where family and friendship, work and play, were all of a piece, a world, moreover, which did not make wasteful use of the earths resources.According to this sentence, what kind of a world did Sara and Michael intend to build for themselves?(=Sara and Michael intended to build a w

4、orld of their own where they could enjoy family life, social life and balance work and play all at the same time. Meanwhile, they wished to construct a world which did not make wasteful use of the earths resources.)Analyze the structure of this sentence.(=本句的主句是They decide to spend their money on th

5、ings，后面携带的that从句是先行词things的定语从句，而在定语从句中又嵌套了分别以where和which引导的定语从句，修饰the construction of a world中的world 一词，而短语the construction of a world其成分实际上是短语major goal的同位语。)Translate this sentence into Chinese.(=他们决定只把钱花在有助于实现他们的主要目标的东西上：构建一个把家庭和友谊、工作和娱乐融为一体的生活天地，而且还是一个不浪费地球资源的生活天地。)3) By sifting and discarding,

6、 by keeping track of what theyhave, Sara and Michael have a clear idea of what they really need.Paraphrase this sentence.(= By picking up what is essential and getting rid of the useless and by examining closely what they have, Sara and Michael understand their real needs. )4) They do not own a TV,

7、and so they and their child are not constantly saturated with images of new toys, new things, and new temptations.What does the phrase “be saturated with” mean in this context?(= Here it means to be over exposed to something or have too much contact with.)What does this sentence imply about the disa

8、dvantage of TV media?(= it criticizes TV for putting countless but useless temptations to either adults or children through TV commercials. )5) They have exchanged the expenses of work in a commuterAge the extra car, the cost of gasoline, professional wardrobes, lunches and frequent dinners out, and

9、 babysitting fees for the time to pay attention to the quality of their lives.What does “commuter age” refer to?(=“Commuter age ” refers to the present situation that many working people have to travel regularly by a certain transport between ones work place and ones home.)According to this sentence

10、, what do the expenses of work in a commuter age include?(=They include the extra car, the cost of gasoline, professional wardrobes, lunches and frequent dinners out, and babysitting fees.)Translate this sentence into Chinese.(=他们节省了通勤时代上下班必须支付的开支：另外的一辆车、汽油费、职业装、午餐和经常外出吃晚餐的开销以及保姆费，换来的则是时间 用于关注生活质量的时

11、间。)6) That yearning feeling thats so much a part of this culture goes on forever.What is the “yearning feeling” that Sara talks about?(=The “yearning feeling” Sara talks about refers to the strong desire to possess more and more material things. An important part of the American culture is consumeri

12、sm the idea or belief that buying as many goods as possible is desirable for a person or society. And it is this “yearning feeling” that has led to the emergence of such socially sanctioned problems as impulse buying, brand-name loyalty, irrational consumption of the earths resources and the mentali

13、ty of following trends and fads.)7) I read it carefully, giving myself high marks in some areas, surprised at my socially sanctioned irrational behavior in others.Why does the author comment her behavior as “socially sanctioned irrational behavior”?(= Because her behavior was not based on clear logi

14、c or good reason and should not be encouraged, but such behavior was regarded right, accepted and even promoted by society. )Translate this sentence into Chinese.(=我仔细地阅读了，在一些方面我给自己打了高分，而在另一些方面我为身上存在的社会所认可的不理智行为感到惊讶。)8) When I stood in the parking lot, $11 poorer, no happier on leaving the store tha

15、n I had been entering it, I felt like a child, helpless in the face of my own impulse.How did the author feel after her shopping?(=She did not feel happier on leaving the store than she had been entering it. She felt lost after her shopping because she could not resist the temptation of buying thing

16、s that she could actually live without.)Did the author think it easy for people to give up impulse buying?(= According to this sentence, she finds it sometimes difficult to find the determination and courage to give up impulse buying.)9) It is a world of illusion, this shopping merry-go-round we rid

17、e, but with all the action and excitement, it is sometimes hard to find the resolve and the courage to dismount.What does the author want to imply with the phrase “this shopping merry-go-round”?(=Merry-go-round” is a favorite for kids. Here the author is comparing adults to children when they lose s

18、enses in face of the temptation of shopping and their desires. )Translate this sentence into Chinese.(=我们乘坐的这只购物旋转木马，其实是一个幻觉世界，但由于它不停地旋转并富有刺激性，有时我们很难找到决心和勇气从木马上下来。)2. Words and Expressions1) strip: v. remove all excess detail from*His book aims to strip away the lies surrounding the life and death o

19、f Robert Kennedy.Collocations:strip down to sth. 精炼，简化至*The climbers were stripped down to their basic outfit in order to ensure a perfect performance.strip sb. of sth. 剥夺*The court found him guilty, and he was stripped of his rank.strip sth. off sth. 脱掉，剥掉*The soldiers stripped off their clothes an

20、d jumped into the lake to save the drowning child. cf. strip,divest,denude & bare这些动词表示脱去某人或某物的衣物，外皮或使某人或某物失去财产或特点。strip 指常表示有力或突然地剥去或撕去divest 指通常表示指定地剥夺，如职位或其象征denude 指去掉通常或自然的外表bare 暗指揭开外表使暴露于视觉(Directions:) Fill in the blanks with the words above. Change the form where necessary.1. At the end of

21、the ball, all gentlemen had _ to their shirts.(= stripped)2. Bystanders _ their heads as the funeral procession passed. (=bared)3. Construction began only after the site had been _ of trees.(= denuded)4. All men have certain inherent rights, of which they cannot by any compact, _ their posterity. (=

22、divest)2) bare: a.1.mere(=*If you ask her about herself, she gives only the barest of details.)该提案仅以勉勉强强的多数票通过。(=The proposal was approached by a bare majority.)2. without clothing, covering, protection, or decoration*hills bare of vegetationCollocations:lay bare 揭发，揭露bare-faced 无耻的，公然的a bare possib

23、ility 绝无仅有的可能性fight with bare hands 赤手而战3) simplicity n.1. Absence of affectation or pretense.(=Her clothes were characterized by their simplicity and good taste.)2. The property, condition, or quality of being simple or uncombined*One of Einsteins greatness is that he understood the simplicity of t

24、he universe.4) It turns out that.: It happens that.*It turned out that Ann was a courageous girl who would not abandon her quest for the truth.*他为自己的考试结果担心了好久，结果居然很好。(=Worried as he was about the test result, it turned out to be satisfactory.)Collocations:turn sth. out 制造*Our new factory is turning

25、out large quantities of goods.turn sb. out 驱逐，使放弃*Strong competition turns him out of his job.*他因为交不起房租被赶了出来。（= He was turned out of the house for he couldnt pay the rent.）5) restrict : v. keep within limits*Discussion at the meeting was restricted to the agenda.*在高楼林立的地区，车速限制为每小时30公里。(= We are rest

26、ricted to a speed of 30 miles an hour in built-up areas.)*在贵国酒的消费是否受法律限制？（=Is the consumption of alcohol restricted by law in your country?）cf. limit, confine & restrict这些动词均有“限制，限定”之意。limit 一般指事先确定空间、时间或数量的极限，一旦超越限度，就会造成不良结果。当然也可指不事先规定，而且自然的或固有的界限。confine 强调施加不可逾越的限制，有时暗示束缚、囚禁。restrict 指把某人或物限制在一定范

27、围之内。(Directions:) Fill in the blanks with the words above. Change the form where necessary.1. The Olympic spirit is encouraging athletes to break the _ of our physical power. (= limit) 2. Any soldier who deserves his post will be _ to quarters. (= confined)3. I _ myself to two cigarettes a day. (= r

28、estrict)6) trade vt. exchange Ill trade you some of my chocolate for some of your ice cream.Collocations:trade sth. for sth. 交换，交易*那男孩用他的刀子换了个板球棒。(=The boy traded his knife for a cricket bat.)trade sth. in 折价购买他以旧车折价买了一部新款车。(=He traded in his old car for a new model.)trade on/upon 利用，滥用*He made good

29、 money in TV commercials by trading on his past reputation as a pop star.7) of a piece:1. in agreement*His action is of a piece with what he has been saying he will do for the past few months.*我们的远大理想与现实的目标应该是一致的。(=Our grand ambition and the present goal are actually of a piece.)2. like each other i

30、n character*Though discovered in two different regions, these artworks are all of a piece.8) maintain: vt.1. keep up, retain, continue(=Part of her job is to maintain good relations with our suppliers.)He took the lead and maintained it until the end of the race.2. keep in good condition by making r

31、epairs to it and taking care of it.The company is responsible for maintaining public telephone booths.铁路线需要时常养护。(=The railway lines have to be constantly maintained.)3. keep in existence*The supplies of food were scarcely enough to maintain life.9) eventually : ad. at last, in the end*With the great

32、 support from his father, George Bush Jr. eventually rose to the position of President.历史证明了正义终将获胜。(= History has proved that justice will eventually prevail.)10) discard: vt. get rid of(=The library has recently discarded around 1,000 social science books because they are terribly out of date.)母亲从来不忍心丢弃我小时候的旧玩具。(=Mother