首字母填空答题技巧.docx

1、首字母填空答题技巧 综合填空答题技巧一、题型介绍综合填空，即首字母填空，是近年来天津中考常用题型之一，每空1分，共10分。采用一篇短文，空出十个空，给出首字母提示，让考生根据内容填出所空缺的单词。这种题型属于能力测试的范畴，它所考查的内容范围很广，可以是英语知识的方方面面，还会涉及其他方面的知识和生活常识等问题。它往往有一定难度，能拉开考生间的分差、提高区分度。它要求考生在充分理解短文的基础上将单词拼写出来，并且单词形式合理，符合语法规范，符合短文需要。这种试题的首字母已给出，这既是一种限制，又是一种提示。要做好此类题目，考生不但要有较强的语感，而且要有扎实的语言知识储备和较大的词汇量。二、知

2、识与技能1. 积累词汇要掌握好所学的单词和短语及一些固定搭配，并且掌握它们的常用法，这是答题的基础知识储备。你心里没有装着足够的词汇，做起题来就会有困难。2. 分析语境很多情况下，你要填的单词与上下文有紧密的联系，这也就是语境。这时一定要分析上下文才能想出来，有可能在上下文还会出现该词或者相关的词，所以你要具有善于分析的能力和一双善于发现的眼睛。3. 词性词形我们可以根据上下文及本句判断所要填的单词的词性，这需要我们有一定的语法知识，要懂词法，懂句法，并且会带着空去分析。词性判断准确有利于更快地想出答案，并正确使用单词的各种形式。4. 逻辑推理文章总是有一定逻辑的，除了时间、地点、人物等关系，

3、还要学会看出列举、原因、结果、让步、目的、条件等关系。5. 翻译技巧 翻译是理解和填空的必要条件，尤其是一些复合句和带生词的句子，翻译准确才能促使你想出答案。三、答题技巧1. 通读短文 第一遍通读，看懂文章大意，同时看你能填上几个词，这取决于你平时的语言理解能力和词汇量。2. 细读分析第二遍细读，要翻译，要分析句式，要分析词性，要看上下文。有的根据一句话就可以想出答案，有的要根据上下文才能想出。（1） 依据习惯用法与固定搭配进行填词：如：They are l forward to visiting the factory. 我们知道look forward to是“盼望”的意思，所以答案是l

4、；（2） 依据语法知识进行填词：如：It was a l earlier. 从句中的earlier可以看出它是比较级，我们应该会想到修饰形容词比较级有哪些词，那此题答案就是l ；（3） 依据常识的积累进行填词：如：But it was too late. His friend was very angry. Mr White said nothing but only one word “S .” Mr. White迟到了，他的朋友很生气，他什么都没说，只说了一个字“S .”我们根据常识肯定是向他的朋友道歉，所以填S ；（4）依据逻辑推理与句意理解进行填词：如：One Sunday after

5、noon, Mr. White drove his new car to his friends house happily. He wanted to p his friend up at five and then went to see a new movie together. 根据句意，Mr. White高兴地开着车去他的朋友家，然后一起去看电影，我们可以进行逻辑推理，他肯定是去接他的朋友，所以填p 。再如：Many years ago, a my friend David worked day and night, he was still not rich.答案是a 。3. 认真

6、检查检查填写的单词形式和意思是否合理，是否与文章要求相符，有无句型结构及语法错误，比如第三人称单数、过去式等变化及非谓语动词变化、名词单复数等等。如：They used to play games together h .此处应填h ，是副词，你要填了形容词happy就只能得0.5分。练习一On July2, 1937, Amelia Earhart( an American pilot) and Fred Noonan left New Guinea for Howland Island in the Pacific. This was the longest and most danger

7、ous part of their t 1 around the world. Earhart had trouble soon after the plane took off. The weather was very bad, so she had to f 2 at 3,000 metres. Going this high, the plane used fuel quickly.After about 20 h 3 , Earhart and Noonan got close to Howland Island. The island was o 4 about 65 miles

8、(英里) away, but the bright sun was shining in their faces so they couldnt see it. Near Howland, a ship was w 5 for the plane. Earhart contacted the ship: “We dont have enough fuel.” she said. The ship tried to stay in touch with her b 6 got no answer. Finally, the ship called for help. People looked

9、for Earhart and Noonan for days. However, they found nothing.What happened to Amelia Earhart? No one knows for sure. D 7 the flight, she probably moved in the wrong direction(方向) because the sun was bright and it was d 8 to see. So she got lost; soon after, her plane ran out of fuel, and she died at

10、 sea. Another idea is that she survived(幸存) the plane crash(飞机失事), s 9 to a lonely island, and later died there. Still others think she survived the crash and secretly returned to the U.S. with a new identity(身份).Till now, none of these i 10 has been proved. People are still wondering about them. (N

11、oonans body has never been found either.) No matter what happened, Earhart probably died as she wished. “When I go,” she said, “Id like best to go in my plane.”练习二Parents sometimes learn much from their children.Many years ago, a 1 my friend David worked day and night, he was still not rich. One day

12、, when he arrived h 2 after work, he found his 3-year-old daughter was decorating a box with some expensive wrapping paper（包装纸）. He thought she was w 3 money and became angry with her. He even p 4 his daughter by beating her. However, the little girl brought the box to her father the next morning an

13、d said, “This is for you, Daddy. Merry Christmas!” He was embarrassed (尴尬) by his overreaction (过激反应), but he became angry a 5 when he found the box was empty.He shouted at her, “Dont you know that when you give someone a present, there should be s 6 inside it?”The little girl looked up at him with

14、t 7 in her eyes and said, “Oh, Daddy. I blew kisses in the box. I filled it with my l 8 . All for you, Daddy.”The father was very surprised. He put his arms around his little girl, and said s 9 to her. Later, David told me that he kept that box by his bed for years. When he was discouraged(情绪低落), he

15、 would take out an imaginary (想像的) kiss from the box and r 10 the love of the child.练习一travel/tour/trip fly hours only waiting but During difficult swam ideas练习二81. although 82. home 83. wasting 84. punished 85. again86. something 87. tears 88. love 89. sorry 90. Remember授课环节：环节一板书：鼓励学生想答案1. W W his

16、W his helpW his help, I couldnt finish it on my own. 答案是Without2. e we all e so we all e toso we all e to watch it.He told us that the movie was really interesting, so we all e to watch it. 答案是expected说明此种题不能孤立看空，而要看全句，甚至上下句，及至全文。那么我们觉得我们要具备怎么的知识和能力才能做好这种题呢？板书：积累词汇、翻译技巧、分析语境、判断词性、逻辑推理环节二板书 让学生查找是否有错

17、，并改正。He was very surprise to see this happen. SurprisedThey are looking forward to see their new teacher. seeingDo you know Sweden(瑞典)？It l 1 in the north of EuropeIt is the fourth largest country in Europe with an a 2 of 450, 000 square kilometers and the population of about 8.5 million. Over one t

18、hird of them live in the three largest cities, namely Stockholm, Goteborg and Malmo. More than half of Sweden is c 3 with trees. It is one of the r 4 countries in the world. About 100 years ago Sweden became industrialized(工业化). Today less than one third of the people are f 5 . Sweden is the country

19、 where the famous Nobel Prizes are awarded. Many people who have been to Stockholm, the c 6 of Sweden, must have visited the places where Nobel Prizes are awarded.The first language of Sweden is Swedish. English is the first f 7 language in schools. Many middle-school students can s 8 two to three l

20、anguages. Most of the Swedish people，men and women, o 9 and young, can speak English. So there is no p 10 to speak with them in English One day Peter bought a dog in the pet shop, but while he was taking it home, two thieves followed him. One of t 91 took the rope from the dogs neck and tied it roun

21、d his f 92 neck. Then he went away w 93 the dog.When Peter g 94 home, he turned and saw the young man. He was very s 95 . “Where is my dog?” he said angrily.“I am very sorry,” said the thief, “but once I said some very bad things to my mother, and she changed me into a dog. But b 96 a good man bough

22、t me, I am now a man again! Thank you!”Peter untied the man and said, “Go! And never say bad things t 97 your mother again.”The n 98 day, Peter saw the same dog in the pet shop again! The other thief was s 99 it. Peter went to it and said into its e 100 . “Young man, some people will never learn!”Ab

23、out three years ago, I felt very lonely. I didnt like my classmates, my parents or anyone else. My classmates didnt want to talk with me and my parents were always saying that other kids were b_(81)than me. I thought I was the most unlucky person in the world. One day I had a big fight with one of c

24、lassmates. I was so angry t_(82) I hit him in the face. Just at that moment, a boy stood up and s_(83) the fight. He was the monitor of our class. After that, he often helped me and we became good friends. Whenever I got angry or sad, he would help me to cool d_(84). My life began to change b_(85) o

25、f the boy, my best friend. We spent a lot of days learning and playing t_(86). As time goes by, I have become happier with people and things. And i_(87) seems that people around me have changed, too. My parents dont shout at me any more and my classmates become friendly t_(88) me. But now I cant oft

26、en see my best friend because he is seriously ill and is staying in h_(89). How I miss the days when we were together! I hope he will be all right a_(90) come back to school soon.Think about two people you know. How would you describe their personalities? Are they the s 81 ? Of course not! Everyone

27、is different. Even identical twins have different personalities.Some people are very outgoing and friendly. They like to be with other people all the time. Maybe they like to be the c 82 of attention. And some people are quietmaybe even s 83 . They can be friendly, too. But they like to be alone or

28、with just a few friends.Some people worry a lot. They may worry about many things, such as their jobs, their families and anything that may h 84 in the future. H 85 , some people dont worry about anything! They n 86 mind what is going on next. These people are very relaxed.Some people are hard-worki

29、ng. They always do their b 87 . But some people are lazy. They dont care a 88 doing things right or getting things done on times. Hard-working people always get more chances than t 89 lazy ones in life.And dont f 90 this: Everyone is different. That means you are special!1.lies :It 代词，代替前面的瑞典Sweden，

30、后面说in the north of Europe表明方位，所以可以推断，这里应该填“位于”，还有第三人称单数。 2.area ：后面of 450, 000 square kilometers很明显说的是土地面积 3.covered ：有系动词is，考虑被动语态，被覆盖4.richest ：one of the 常接形容词最高级再接名词 countries，后文又说100年前瑞典就开始工业化，证明现在这个国家很富有。 5.farmers ：由上道题得知，瑞典现在很富有，所以只有不到三分之一的人还是农民，加复数6.capital ：常识题Stockholm斯德哥尔摩，是Sweden的首都 7.f

31、oreign ：在in schools里，英语当然是“外语” 8.speak ：students 学生只能“说” two to three languages 9.old ：对比and young 10.problem：前文说男女老幼都会说英语，所以跟他们说英语是没有“问题”的。91them 92 friends 93 with 94 got 95 surprised 96 because 97 to 98 next 99 selling 100 ear 81. better 82. that 83. stopped 84. down 85. because 86. together 87. it 88. to 89. hospital 90. and 81. same 82. centre 83. shy 84. happen 85. however86. never 87. best 88. about 89. those 90. forget