首字母填空答题技巧.docx

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首字母填空答题技巧

综合填空答题技巧

一、题型介绍

综合填空,即首字母填空,是近年来天津中考常用题型之一,每空1分,共10分。

采用一篇短文,空出十个空,给出首字母提示,让考生根据内容填出所空缺的单词。

这种题型属于能力测试的范畴,它所考查的内容范围很广,可以是英语知识的方方面面,还会涉及其他方面的知识和生活常识等问题。

它往往有一定难度,能拉开考生间的分差、提高区分度。

它要求考生在充分理解短文的基础上将单词拼写出来,并且单词形式合理,符合语法规范,符合短文需要。

这种试题的首字母已给出,这既是一种限制,又是一种提示。

要做好此类题目,考生不但要有较强的语感,而且要有扎实的语言知识储备和较大的词汇量。

二、知识与技能

1.积累词汇

要掌握好所学的单词和短语及一些固定搭配,并且掌握它们的常用法,这是答题的基础知识储备。

你心里没有装着足够的词汇,做起题来就会有困难。

2.分析语境

很多情况下,你要填的单词与上下文有紧密的联系,这也就是语境。

这时一定要分析上下文才能想出来,有可能在上下文还会出现该词或者相关的词,所以你要具有善于分析的能力和一双善于发现的眼睛。

3.词性词形

我们可以根据上下文及本句判断所要填的单词的词性,这需要我们有一定的语法知识,要懂词法,懂句法,并且会带着空去分析。

词性判断准确有利于更快地想出答案,并正确使用单词的各种形式。

4.逻辑推理

文章总是有一定逻辑的,除了时间、地点、人物等关系,还要学会看出列举、原因、结果、让步、目的、条件等关系。

5.翻译技巧

翻译是理解和填空的必要条件,尤其是一些复合句和带生词的句子,翻译准确才能促使你想出答案。

三、答题技巧

1.通读短文

第一遍通读,看懂文章大意,同时看你能填上几个词,这取决于你平时的语言理解能力和词汇量。

2.细读分析

第二遍细读,要翻译,要分析句式,要分析词性,要看上下文。

有的根据一句话就可以想出答案,有的要根据上下文才能想出。

(1)依据习惯用法与固定搭配进行填词:

如:

Theyarelforwardtovisitingthefactory.我们知道lookforwardto是“盼望……”的意思,所以答案是l;

(2)依据语法知识进行填词:

如:

Itwasalearlier.从句中的earlier可以看出它是比较级,我们应该会想到修饰形容词比较级有哪些词,那此题答案就是l;

(3)依据常识的积累进行填词:

如:

Butitwastoolate.Hisfriendwasveryangry.MrWhitesaidnothingbutonlyoneword“S.”Mr.White迟到了,他的朋友很生气,他什么都没说,只说了一个字“S.”我们根据常识肯定是向他的朋友道歉,所以填S;

(4)依据逻辑推理与句意理解进行填词:

如:

OneSundayafternoon,Mr.Whitedrovehisnewcartohisfriend’shousehappily.Hewantedtophisfriendupatfiveandthenwenttoseeanewmovietogether.根据句意,Mr.White高兴地开着车去他的朋友家,然后一起去看电影,我们可以进行逻辑推理,他肯定是去接他的朋友,所以填p。

再如:

Manyyearsago,amyfriendDavidworkeddayandnight,hewasstillnotrich.答案是a。

3.认真检查

检查填写的单词形式和意思是否合理,是否与文章要求相符,有无句型结构及语法错误,比如第三人称单数、过去式等变化及非谓语动词变化、名词单复数等等。

如:

Theyusedtoplaygamestogetherh.此处应填h,是副词,你要填了形容词happy就只能得0.5分。

练习一

OnJuly2,1937,AmeliaEarhart(anAmericanpilot)andFredNoonanleftNewGuineaforHowlandIslandinthePacific.Thiswasthelongestandmostdangerouspartoftheirt1aroundtheworld.Earharthadtroublesoonaftertheplanetookoff.Theweatherwasverybad,soshehadtof2at3,000metres.Goingthishigh,theplaneusedfuelquickly.

Afterabout20h3,EarhartandNoonangotclosetoHowlandIsland.Theislandwaso4about65miles(英里)away,butthebrightsunwasshiningintheirfacessotheycouldn’tseeit.NearHowland,ashipwasw5fortheplane.Earhartcontactedtheship:

“Wedon’thaveenoughfuel.”shesaid.Theshiptriedtostayintouchwithherb6gotnoanswer.Finally,theshipcalledforhelp.PeoplelookedforEarhartandNoonanfordays.However,theyfoundnothing.

WhathappenedtoAmeliaEarhart?

Nooneknowsforsure.D7theflight,sheprobablymovedinthewrongdirection(方向)becausethesunwasbrightanditwasd8tosee.Soshegotlost;soonafter,herplaneranoutoffuel,andshediedatsea.Anotherideaisthatshesurvived(幸存)theplanecrash(飞机失事),s9toalonelyisland,andlaterdiedthere.StillothersthinkshesurvivedthecrashandsecretlyreturnedtotheU.S.withanewidentity(身份).

Tillnow,noneofthesei10hasbeenproved.Peoplearestillwonderingaboutthem.(Noonan’sbodyhasneverbeenfoundeither.)Nomatterwhathappened,Earhartprobablydiedasshewished.“WhenIgo,”shesaid,“I’dlikebesttogoinmyplane.”

练习二

Parentssometimeslearnmuchfromtheirchildren.

Manyyearsago,a1myfriendDavidworkeddayandnight,hewasstillnotrich.Oneday,whenhearrivedh2afterwork,hefoundhis3-year-olddaughterwasdecoratingaboxwithsomeexpensivewrappingpaper(包装纸).Hethoughtshewasw3moneyandbecameangrywithher.Heevenp4hisdaughterbybeatingher.However,thelittlegirlbroughttheboxtoherfatherthenextmorningandsaid,“Thisisforyou,Daddy.MerryChristmas!

”Hewasembarrassed(尴尬)byhisoverreaction(过激反应),buthebecameangrya5whenhefoundtheboxwasempty.

Heshoutedather,“Don’tyouknowthatwhenyougivesomeoneapresent,thereshouldbes6insideit?

Thelittlegirllookedupathimwitht7inhereyesandsaid,“Oh,Daddy.Iblewkissesinthebox.Ifilleditwithmyl8.Allforyou,Daddy.”

Thefatherwasverysurprised.Heputhisarmsaroundhislittlegirl,andsaids9toher.Later,Davidtoldmethathekeptthatboxbyhisbedforyears.Whenhewasdiscouraged(情绪低落),hewouldtakeoutanimaginary(想像的)kissfromtheboxandr10theloveofthechild.

练习一

travel/tour/tripflyhoursonlywaitingbutDuringdifficultswamideas

练习二

81.although82.home83.wasting84.punished85.again

86.something87.tears88.love89.sorry90.Remember

授课环节:

环节一

板书:

鼓励学生想答案

1.W

Whis

Whishelp

Whishelp,Icouldn’tfinishitonmyown.答案是Without

2.e

wealle

sowealleto

sowealletowatchit.

Hetoldusthatthemoviewasreallyinteresting,sowealletowatchit.答案是expected

说明此种题不能孤立看空,而要看全句,甚至上下句,及至全文。

那么我们觉得我们要具备怎么的知识和能力才能做好这种题呢?

板书:

积累词汇、翻译技巧、分析语境、判断词性、逻辑推理

环节二

板书让学生查找是否有错,并改正。

Hewasverysurprisetoseethishappen.Surprised

Theyarelookingforwardtoseetheirnewteacher.seeing

DoyouknowSweden(瑞典)?

Itl 1inthenorthofEurope.ItisthefourthlargestcountryinEuropewithana2of450,000squarekilometersandthepopulationofabout8.5million.Overonethirdofthemliveinthethreelargestcities,namelyStockholm,GoteborgandMalmo.MorethanhalfofSwedenisc 3 withtrees.Itisoneofther4countriesintheworld.About100yearsagoSwedenbecameindustrialized(工业化).Todaylessthanonethirdofthepeoplearef 5 .

SwedenisthecountrywherethefamousNobelPrizesareawarded.ManypeoplewhohavebeentoStockholm,thec 6 ofSweden,musthavevisitedtheplaceswhereNobelPrizesareawarded.

ThefirstlanguageofSwedenisSwedish.Englishisthefirstf 7languageinschools.Manymiddle-schoolstudentscans8 twotothreelanguages.MostoftheSwedishpeople,menandwomen,o 9 andyoung,canspeakEnglish.Sothereisnop10tospeakwiththeminEnglish.

OnedayPeterboughtadoginthepetshop,butwhilehewastakingithome,twothievesfollowedhim.Oneoft91tooktheropefromthedog’sneckandtieditroundhisf92neck.Thenhewentawayw93thedog.

WhenPeterg94home,heturnedandsawtheyoungman.Hewasverys95.“Whereismydog?

”hesaidangrily.

“Iamverysorry,”saidthethief,“butonceIsaidsomeverybadthingstomymother,andshechangedmeintoadog.Butb96agoodmanboughtme,Iamnowamanagain!

Thankyou!

Peteruntiedthemanandsaid,“Go!

Andneversaybadthingst97yourmotheragain.”

Then98day,Petersawthesamedoginthepetshopagain!

Theotherthiefwas

s99it.

Peterwenttoitandsaidintoitse100.“Youngman,somepeoplewillneverlearn!

Aboutthreeyearsago,Ifeltverylonely.Ididn’tlikemyclassmates,myparentsoranyoneelse.Myclassmatesdidn’twanttotalkwithmeandmyparentswerealwayssayingthatotherkidswereb_______(81)thanme.IthoughtIwasthemostunluckypersonintheworld.

OnedayIhadabigfightwithoneofclassmates.Iwassoangryt_____(82)Ihithimintheface.Justatthatmoment,aboystoodupands________(83)thefight.Hewasthemonitorofourclass.

Afterthat,heoftenhelpedmeandwebecamegoodfriends.WheneverIgotangryorsad,hewouldhelpmetocoold_____(84).Mylifebegantochangeb_____(85)oftheboy,mybestfriend.Wespentalotofdayslearningandplayingt_____(86).Astimegoesby,Ihavebecomehappierwithpeopleandthings.Andi_____(87)seemsthatpeoplearoundmehavechanged,too.Myparentsdon’tshoutatmeanymoreandmyclassmatesbecomefriendlyt_____(88)me.

ButnowIcan’toftenseemybestfriendbecauseheisseriouslyillandisstayinginh_____(89).HowImissthedayswhenweweretogether!

Ihopehewillbeallrighta_____(90)comebacktoschoolsoon.

Thinkabouttwopeopleyouknow.Howwouldyoudescribetheirpersonalities?

Aretheythes81?

Ofcoursenot!

Everyoneisdifferent.Evenidenticaltwinshavedifferentpersonalities.

Somepeopleareveryoutgoingandfriendly.Theyliketobewithotherpeopleallthetime.Maybetheyliketobethec82ofattention.Andsomepeoplearequiet—maybeevens83.Theycanbefriendly,too.Buttheyliketobealoneorwithjustafewfriends.

Somepeopleworryalot.Theymayworryaboutmanythings,suchastheirjobs,theirfamiliesandanythingthatmayh84inthefuture.H85,somepeopledon'tworryaboutanything!

Theyn86mindwhatisgoingonnext.Thesepeopleareveryrelaxed.

Somepeoplearehard-working.Theyalwaysdotheirb87.Butsomepeoplearelazy.Theydon’tcarea88doingthingsrightorgettingthingsdoneontimes.Hard-workingpeoplealwaysgetmorechancesthant89lazyonesinlife.

Anddon’tf90this:

Everyoneisdifferent.Thatmeansyouarespecial!

1.lies:

It代词,代替前面的瑞典Sweden,后面说inthenorthofEurope表明方位,所以可以推断,这里应该填“位于”,还有第三人称单数。

2.area:

后面of450,000squarekilometers很明显说的是土地面积

3.covered:

有系动词is,考虑被动语态,被覆盖

4.richest:

oneofthe常接形容词最高级再接名词countries,后文又说100年前瑞典就开始工业化,证明现在这个国家很富有。

5.farmers:

由上道题得知,瑞典现在很富有,所以只有不到三分之一的人还是农民,加复数

6.capital:

常识题Stockholm斯德哥尔摩,是Sweden的首都

7.foreign:

在inschools里,英语当然是“外语”

8.speak:

students学生只能“说”twotothreelanguages

9.old:

对比andyoung

10.problem:

前文说男女老幼都会说英语,所以跟他们说英语是没有“问题”的。

91them92friend’s93with94got95surprised

96because97to98next99selling100ear

81.better82.that83.stopped84.down85.because

86.together87.it88.to89.hospital90.and

81.same82.centre83.shy84.happen85.however

86.never87.best88.about89.those90.forget

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