第一讲 动词与时态中考英语语法知识归纳.docx

1、第一讲 动词与时态中考英语语法知识归纳类 别意 义例 句实义动词含有实在的意义,表示动作或状态,在句子中能独立作谓语。连系动词本身有一定的词义,但不能独立作谓语,必须和表语一起构成谓语。助动词本身没有词义,不能独立作谓语,只能和主要动词一起构成谓语动词,用来表示否定、疑问、时态、语态或其它语法形式,助动词自身有人称、单复数和时态的变化。情态动词本身有一定的意义,不能独立作谓语,只能和主要动词一起构成谓语动词,表示说话人的语气和情态。情态动词没有人称和单复数的变化,有些情态动词有过去式。第一讲 英语语法（动词与时态）学生版一、 语法知识梳理No.1 动词及时态动词的分类重要注解：(1) 关于实义

2、动词： (2) 关于连系动词： (3) 关于助动词： (4) 关于情态动词：NO.3 八种时态的具体用法：(1) 一般现在时 表示现阶段经常或习惯发生的动作或存在的状态,或说明主语的特征。(2) 一般过去时 表示过去某时发生的动作或状态,这种动作或状态可能是一次性,也可能经常发生。(3) 一般将来时 表示将来某一时刻或经常发生的动作或状态。(4)现在进行时 现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作或是现阶段正发生而此刻不一定在进行的动作。(5)过去进行时 过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某阶段正在进行的动作。(6)现在完成时 现在完成时表示一个发生在过去的、对现在仍有影响的动作,或表示开始在过去,并且一直

3、延续到现在,甚至还可能延续下去的动作。口语中have got往往表示have been to与have gone to的区别：在完成时中,一个瞬间性动词(一次性动作)不能与表示一段时间的状语连用,此时须将该瞬间动词改为延续性动词或状态动词。具体变化见下表：瞬间性动词的完成时延续性动词或状态动词的完成时have(already)gone tohavefor (two years)hascome tohassince (1990)(had)left(had)arriveddiedbegunendedbought.borrowedjoined 或者使用下面这个句型： 注意 在其它的时态中也存在类似问

4、题,记住,关键是：瞬间动词不能和表达一段时间的状语连用。如：How long may I keep the book?(这本书我能借多久？)(句子中keep取代了borrow)(7) 过去完成时 过去完成时表示过去某一时间或某一动作发生之前已经完成的动作。简言之, 过去完成时所表示的时间是“过去的过去”。 (8) 过去将来时 过去将来时表示在过去预计将要发生的动作或存在的状态。 (9)现在完成进行时：二、 语法练习一、用所给词的适当形式填空：1.He_swimming in the river every day in summer. (go)2.It_you are right. ( see

5、m )3.Look, the children_ basketball on the playground. ( play )4.He_to the radio when I came in, ( listen )5.It is very cold .I think it_ . ( rain )6. I need some paper .I_ some for you . ( bring )7.I cant find my pen . Who _it ? ( take )8.He said that he _back in five minutes . ( come )9.I didnt me

6、et him. He_ when I got there. ( leave )10.I_my bike, so I have to walk to school. ( lose )11.He_down and began to read his newspaper. ( sit )12.He is very hungry. He_ anything for three days. ( not eat )13.I_with you if I have time . ( go )14.We will go to the cinema if it _fine . (be )15.I will tel

7、l her the news when she _to see me next week. (come)16. When _you _the car ? In 1998 . ( buy )17.We_good friends since we met at school . （be）18.What_you_ at five yesterday afternoon ? (do)19.The bike is nice . How much _it_? (cost)二、选择最佳答案填空1.Well go swimming if the weather _fine tomorrow.A. is B.

8、was C. will be D. is going to be 2.It_five years since he has left for Beijing.A. was B. has been C. is D. is going to be3.Please dont leave the office until your friend _back.A. came B. comes C. have come D. will come4.By the end of last year he _about 1500 English words.A. learns B. learned C. was

9、 learning D. had learned5.Listen ! Someone _in the next room .A. cried B. crying C. is crying D. has cried 6.You must tell him the news as soon as you _him.A. see B. sees C. will see D. is seeing7.He told me that he _to see us the next day. A. comes B. came C. will come D. would come8.We cant find h

10、im anywhere . Perhaps he _home.A. is going B. went C. has come D. would come9.The teacher told us that the sun _bigger than the earth.A. is B. was C. has been D. will be10.Could you tell me where the railway station_?A. was B. is C. will be D. would be11.We_to the Great Wall several times. A. go B.

11、were going C. have gone D. have been12.It seemed that the old man _for something over there.A. looks B. looked C. was looking D. has looked13.He was sure that he _his wallet in the office .A. left B. would leave C. had left D. has left14.You must study hard if you_ want to fail the exam.A. wont B. d

12、ont C. havent D. hadnt15. Im afraid you cant sit here . Sorry , I _know.A. dont B. wont C. cant D. didnt16. As she _the newspaper , Granny _asleep.A. read, was falling B. was reading fell C. was reading, was falling D. read , fell17. Jim is not coming tonight. But he_ !A. promises B. promised C. wil

13、l promise D. had promised18. Whats her name? I_.A. forget B. forgot C. had forgotten D. am forgetting三、动词时态能力综合测试（ ）1.He often _his clothes on Sundays.A. washing B. washes C. has washed D. wash（ ）2.Im Chinese. Where _from?A. do you come B. you are coming C. you come D. are you coming（ ）3.May_to scho

14、ol.A. never walks B. is never walking C. walk never D. never is walking（ ）4.We will start as soon as our teacher_ .A. comes B. will come C. come D. is coming（ ）5.How long ago _playing football?A. have you stopped B. had you stopped C. did you stop D. do you stop（ ）6.It_ hard when I left my house .A.

15、 is raining B. rains C. was raining D. will rain（ ）7.I think this question _to answer.A. easy B. is easy C. was easy D. will easy（ ）8. Dont talk so loudly . Your father_.A. sleeps B. is sleeping C. slept D. had slept（ ）9.How many people does the doctor know who _of the disease？A. are dying B. is dyi

16、ng C. has died D. dies（ ）10.I_my homework now.A. finish B. finished C. have finished D. had finished（ ）11.He_for three years.A. has joined B. has been in the army C. joined D. has served the army（ ）12.His grandfather _for thirty years.A. died B. was dead C. has been dead D. has died（ ）13.I_ from my

17、brother for a long time.A. not have heard B. have not heard C. have heard not D. do not hear（ ）14.Maths, one of the most important subjects, _always interested him.A. has B. have C. are D. is （ ）15.Did your brother go to America last year? _. A. No, he did never go there B. No, he has never gone her

18、e C. No, he never was there D. No, he has never been there（ ）16.He_ that factory since 1958.A. has left B. has worked in C. has gone from D. has come to（ ）17.Our teacher _to Beijing three times.A. went B. had gone C. has gone D. has been（ ）18.Last week John _his leg.A. felt and broken B. fell and br

19、oke C. feels and breaks D. fallen and broken（ ）19.Jack_his thick coat because it was snowing. A. puts on B. put on C. takes on D. took on（ ）20.He_the picture on the wall.A. hanged B. hung C. has hanged D. was hanged（ ）21.Next month _twenty five.A. has my sister B. my sister will beC. my sister shall

20、 have D. my sister is going to be（ ）22.You_her again in a few weeks.A. will see B. have seen C. had seen D. have been seen（ ）23. By the end of last term we _English for two years.A. have studied B. have been studied C. would studied D. had studied （ ）24.Mrs Brown _in New York for three years before

21、she went to London.A. lived B. had lived C. has lived D. will live（ ）25.When we arrived , the dinner_.A. already began B. has already begun C. had already begun D. was just begun（ ）26.I will go home for the holiday as soon as I_ my exams.A. will finish B. finish C. finishing D. finished（ ）27.When_,

22、Ill talk to him.A. does Peter come B. Peter will come C. Peter comes D. can Peter come（ ）28.My sister _to see me . Shell be here soon. A. comes B. is coming C. had come D. came（ ）29.They said they _our answer the next day .A. had heard B. would hear of C. would hear D. will hear（ ）30.The old man sai

23、d that light _faster than sound.A. went B. will go C. travels D. will travel 三、 真题练习1.This term over. The summer vacation is coming in two weeks.A. is B. was C. has been D. will be2. I a mistake. Please dont be angry with me.A. make B. made C. will make D. had made3. My brother left school in 2005,

24、and since then he in Beijing.A. lives B. lived C. will live D. has lived4. I my clothes, and the phone rang.A. wash B. washed C. am washing D. was washing5.Where is Peter? He volleyball with his friends in the school gym. A. plays B.played C. is playing 6. He_his umbrella to me yesterday. So I didnt

25、 get wet.A.borrowed B.kept C.lent D.bought7. Im sorry I left the book at home.I_it here tomorrow,I promise.A.bring B.will bring C.brought D.have brought8.What are you doing ,Simon?-I have finished my homework ,and now I_the computer games.A.played B.was playing C.am playing D.play9. My brother came

26、back home while I _homework.A.am doing B.were doing C.was doing10. Did you watch the football match yesterday? -Yes ,I did.You know ,my brother _in the match.A.is playing B.was playing C.will play11. Where are the Greens ,may I ask? -Well,they _England.They have been there for nearly a week now.A.ha

27、ve been to B.are going to C.have gone to12. A moment ,please.Im checking if Mr.Smith_free tomorrow.A.is B.being C.to be D.will be13. How was your day off ? Pretty good ! I _ the science museum with my classmates.A. visit B. visited C. am visiting D. will visit14.There _ a big cake and many candies a

28、t the party yesterday. A. was B. were C. is D. are 15. I _ the charity show on TV when the telephone rang. A. watch B. watched C. am watching D. was watching 16. Tom _ the USA. He _ back in two months.A. has gone to; comes B. has gone to; will be C. has been to; comes D. has been to; will be 17. Today is Fathers Day .My mother _a special dinner for my grandpa now.A.prepare B.prepared C.is preparing D.will prepare18. -Hello! May I speak to Kate? -Sor