旅行社管理系统中英文对照外文翻译文献.doc

1、滨州学院毕业设计(专业外文翻译)中英文对照外文翻译(文档含英文原文和中文翻译) ASP.NET OverviewASP.NET is a unified Web development model that includes the services necessary for you to build enterprise-class Web applications with a minimum of coding. ASP.NET is part of the .NET Framework, and when coding ASP.NET applications you have ac

2、cess to classes in the .NET Framework. You can code your applications in any language compatible with the common language runtime (CLR), including Microsoft Visual Basic, C#, JScript.NET, and J#. These languages enable you to develop ASP.NET applications that benefit from the common language runtime

3、, type safety, inheritance, and so on.ASP.NET includes: A page and controls framework The ASP.NET compiler Security infrastructure State-management facilities Application configuration Health monitoring and performance features Debugging support An XML Web services framework Extensible hosting envir

4、onment and application life cycle management An extensible designer environmentThe ASP.NET page and controls framework is a programming framework that runs on a Web server to dynamically produce and render ASP.NET Web pages. ASP.NET Web pages can be requested from any browser or client device, and A

5、SP.NET renders markup (such as HTML) to the requesting browser. As a rule, you can use the same page for multiple browsers, because ASP.NET renders the appropriate markup for the browser making the request. However, you can design your ASP.NET Web page to target a specific browser, such as Microsoft

6、 Internet Explorer 6, and take advantage of the features of that browser. ASP.NET supports mobile controls for Web-enabled devices such as cellular phones, handheld computers, and personal digital assistants (PDAs). ASP.NET Web pages are completely object-oriented. Within ASP.NET Web pages you can w

7、ork with HTML elements using properties, methods, and events. The ASP.NET page framework removes the implementation details of the separation of client and server inherent in Web-based applications by presenting a unified model for responding to client events in code that runs at the server. The fra

8、mework also automatically maintains the state of a page and the controls on that page during the page processing life cycle. The ASP.NET page and controls framework also enables you to encapsulate common UI functionality in easy-to-use, reusable controls. Controls are written once, can be used in ma

9、ny pages, and are integrated into the ASP.NET Web page that they are placed in during rendering.The ASP.NET page and controls framework also provides features to control the overall look and feel of your Web site via themes and skins. You can define themes and skins and then apply them at a page lev

10、el or at a control level. In addition to themes, you can define master pages that you use to create a consistent layout for the pages in your application. A single master page defines the layout and standard behavior that you want for all the pages (or a group of pages) in your application. You can

11、then create individual content pages that contain the page-specific content you want to display. When users request the content pages, they merge with the master page to produce output that combines the layout of the master page with the content from the content page. All ASP.NET code is compiled, w

12、hich enables strong typing, performance optimizations, and early binding, among other benefits. Once the code has been compiled, the common language runtime further compiles ASP.NET code to native code, providing improved performance.ASP.NET includes a compiler that will compile all your application

13、 components including pages and controls into an assembly that the ASP.NET hosting environment can then use to service user requests. In addition to the security features of .NET, ASP.NET provides an advanced security infrastructure for authenticating and authorizing user access as well as performin

14、g other security-related tasks. You can authenticate users using Windows authentication supplied by IIS, or you can manage authentication using your own user database using ASP.NET forms authentication and ASP.NET membership. Additionally, you can manage the authorization to the capabilities and inf

15、ormation of your Web application using Windows groups or your own custom role database using ASP.NET roles. You can easily remove, add to, or replace these schemes depending upon the needs of your application. ASP.NET always runs with a particular Windows identity so you can secure your application

16、using Windows capabilities such as NTFS Access Control Lists (ACLs), database permissions, and so on. For more information on the identity of ASP.NET,ASP.NET provides intrinsic state management functionality that enables you to store information between page requests, such as customer information or

17、 the contents of a shopping cart. You can save and manage application-specific, session-specific, page-specific, user-specific, and developer-defined information. This information can be independent of any controls on the page.ASP.NET offers distributed state facilities, which enable you to manage s

18、tate information across multiple instances of the same application on one computer or on several computers. ASP.NET applications use a configuration system that enables you to define configuration settings for your Web server, for a Web site, or for individual applications. You can make configuratio

19、n settings at the time your ASP.NET applications are deployed and can add or revise configuration settings at any time with minimal impact on operational Web applications and servers. ASP.NET configuration settings are stored in XML-based files. Because these XML files are ASCII text files, it is si

20、mple to make configuration changes to your Web applications. You can extend the configuration scheme to suit your requirements. ASP.NET includes features that enable you to monitor health and performance of your ASP.NET application. ASP.NET health monitoring enables reporting of key events that prov

21、ide information about the health of an application and about error conditions. These events show a combination of diagnostics and monitoring characteristics and offer a high degree of flexibility in terms of what is logged and how it is logged. ASP.NET supports two groups of performance counters acc

22、essible to your applications: The ASP.NET system performance counter group The ASP.NET application performance counter groupASP.NET takes advantage of the run-time debugging infrastructure to provide cross-language and cross-computer debugging support. You can debug both managed and unmanaged object

23、s, as well as all languages supported by the common language runtime and script languages. In addition, the ASP.NET page framework provides a trace mode that enables you to insert instrumentation messages into your ASP.NET Web pages. ASP.NET supports XML Web services. An XML Web service is a compone

24、nt containing business functionality that enables applications to exchange information across firewalls using standards like HTTP and XML messaging. XML Web services are not tied to a particular component technology or object-calling convention. As a result, programs written in any language, using a

25、ny component model, and running on any operating system can access XML Web services. ASP.NET includes an extensible hosting environment that controls the life cycle of an application from when a user first accesses a resource (such as a page) in the application to the point at which the application

26、is shut down. While ASP.NET relies on a Web server (IIS) as an application host, ASP.NET provides much of the hosting functionality itself. The architecture of ASP.NET enables you to respond to application events and create custom HTTP handlers and HTTP modules. ASP.NET includes enhanced support for

27、 creating designers for Web server controls for use with a visual design tool such as Visual Studio. Designers enable you to build a design-time user interface for a control, so that developers can configure your controls properties and content in the visual design tool. Introduction to the C# Langu

28、age and the .NET Framework C# is an elegant and type-safe object-oriented language that enables developers to build a wide range of secure and robust applications that run on the .NET Framework. You can use C# to create traditional Windows client applications, XML Web services, distributed component

29、s, client-server applications, database applications, and much, much more. Microsoft Visual C# 2005 provides an advanced code editor, convenient user interface designers, integrated debugger, and many other tools to facilitate rapid application development based on version 2.0 of the C# language and

30、 the .NET Framework.Note The Visual C# documentation assumes that you have an understanding of basic programming concepts. If you are a complete beginner, you might want to explore Visual C# Express Edition, which is available on the Web. You can also take advantage of any of several excellent books

31、 and Web resources on C# to learn practical programming skills.C# syntax is highly expressive, yet with less than 90 keywords, it is also simple and easy to learn. The curly-brace syntax of C# will be instantly recognizable to anyone familiar with C, C+ or Java. Developers who know any of these lang

32、uages are typically able to begin working productively in C# within a very short time. C# syntax simplifies many of the complexities of C+ while providing powerful features such as nullable value types, enumerations, delegates, anonymous methods and direct memory access, which are not found in Java. C# also supports generic methods and types, which provide increased type safety and performance, and iterators, which enable implementers of collection classes to define custom iteration behaviors that are simple to use by client code.As an object-oriented language, C# supports th