辽宁本溪市第一中学高考英语任务型阅读试题附答案.docx

1、辽宁本溪市第一中学高考英语任务型阅读试题附答案辽宁本溪市第一中学高考英语任务型阅读试题(附答案)一、高中英语任务型阅读1任务型阅读 Asthma(哮喘) is a long-lasting breathing disease that affects millions of Americans, many of whom are children. People who get asthma will suffer from lack of breath, difficulty in breathing or coughing-which are caused by the tightenin

2、g of the muscles in airways. Untreated asthma can lead to poor lung function and death, but asthma can also be effectively controlled with proper treatments. Research is discovering genes that contribute to the development of asthma. This development has pointed researchers to the role of indoor and

3、 outdoor pollution as environmental factors that contribute to the increased occurrence of asthma. The Indoor Pollution Indoor pollution has increased with the developments in building materials and in heating and air conditioning systems. In addition to poisonous gases that come from paint, other m

4、aterials like dust and perfumes used in household products such as washing powder are recycled continuously through the house, winter and summer.Unlike the days before central heating or before whole-house air conditioning, these materials and chemicals cannot get out of modern homes. Most often, th

5、ey cause breathing problems in the members of the family with the least-developed autoimmune(自身免疫的) systems. Proper venting (通风) and use of environmentally-friendly building materials and carpeting can help reduce the presence of these chemicals. The Outdoor pollution Researchers have also establish

6、ed outdoor pollutions role as a probable cause of asthma. Asthma has been proven to result from some fuel products. Smog and the small matters carried by it have been recognized as a factor which leads to asthma since the 19th century when London saw more and more diseases in the industrial populati

7、on. Industrial pollutants and other chemicals which are produced in water treatment and open treated water like that found in the swimming pools also contribute to increased cases of asthma as well as other illnesses. Those most affected by the increase of industrial and environmental pollution are

8、children. Although much has been done to control the levels of pollution in the US, there still remains much to do as it is a worldwide phenomenon. Until an international effort can be made to limit carbon emissions, the occurrence of environmental asthma will probably continue to increase.The _ bet

9、ween asthma and air pollutionThe_ of asthma lack of breath difficulty in breathing coughingThe possible_ of untreated asthma poor lung function death_ contributing to the increased asthmaIndoor pollutionIt is _ by building materials and heating and air conditioning systems._ some poisonous gases, du

10、st and perfumes worsen pollution.Some material and chemicals _ in modern homes.Outdoor pollutionSmog and the small matters carried by it cause asthma, which is proven by a(n) _ number of lung diseases in the industrial population.Industrial pollutants and other chemicals in water are _to peoples hea

11、lth.ConclusionOnly when all countries join together to limit carbon emissions can people be _ from suffering environmental asthma.【答案】 relationshiprelationconnectionassociationlink；symptoms；consequencesresultseffects；Factors；caused/ increased；Besides；remain/ stay；increased/ increasing；harmful；preven

12、ted/stopped/ kept/ away/ free/ freed 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，分析了哮喘产生的原因，从室内污染和室外污染两个方面来进行阐述。 （1）考查信息归纳的能力。从题干结合文章内容，本文讨论了哮喘和空气污染的关系，从中文“关系，联系”出发，答案范围广。故填relationshiprelationconnectionassociationlink。 （2）考查信息归纳的能力。结合第一段对哮喘发病情况的解释，可选择出总结词“症状”。故填symptoms。 （3）考查信息归纳的能力。由文中的“Untreated asthma can lead to poor lu

13、ng function and death,”可知，这里是指“结果”。故填consequencesresultseffects。 （4）考查信息归纳的能力。根据原文第二段“This development has pointed researchers to the role of indoor and outdoor pollution as environmental factors that contribute to the increased occurrence of asthma.，”结合题目后面indoor pollution 和outdoor pollution得知，这里是讲

14、导致哮喘病增加的因素。故填Factors 。 （5）考查信息归纳的能力。原文用的是“indoor pollution has increased with”结构，其实就是因果关系，所以这里是被动结构。故填caused/ increased。 （6）考查信息归纳的能力。对原文inadditionto进行替换，表示“除了，还包括”的意思。故填Besides。 （7）考查信息归纳的能力。原文“these materials and chemicals cannot get out of modern homes”指的是这些材料并没有随时间消失，一直存在。故填remain/ stay。 （8）考查信息

15、归纳的能力。根据原文倒数第二段中的“saw more and more diseases in the industrial population. Industrial pollutants and other chemicals which are produced in water treatment and open treated water like that found in the swimming pools also contribute to increased cases of asthma as well as other illnesses.，”可知是越来越多的疾病

16、。故填increased/ increasing。 （9）考查信息归纳的能力。根据“saw more and more diseases in the industrial population. Industrial pollutants and other chemicals which are produced in water treatment and open treated water like that found in the swimming pools also contribute to increased cases of asthma as well as othe

17、r illnesses.”可知，这类污染物对人体有害，会导致疾病。故填harmful。 （10）考查信息归纳的能力。根据最后一段中的“Until an international effort can be made to limit carbon emissions, the occurrence of environmental asthma will probably continue to increase.，”可知是需要各个国家的通力合作才能阻止碳排放量，prevent/stop/ keep/be away/ be free/ free from doing表示“阻止”固定搭配，表示

18、否定含义。原题中有can be所以后面用过去分词表示被动，故填prevented/stopped/ kept/ away/ free/ freed。 【点评】本题涉及信息归纳能力的考查，要求考生准确掌握所给材料，根据上下文的逻辑关系，结合相关的语法知识和语法知识，从而写出正确答案。2根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Every animal sleeps, but the reason for this has remained foggy. When lab rats are not allowed to sleep, they die wi

19、thin a month._ One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memories. _ We know that, while awake, fresh memories are recorded by reinforcing (加强) connections between brain cells, but the memory processes that take place while we sleep have been unclear. Support is growing for a theory that sleep

20、evolved so that connections between neurons (神经元) in the brain can be weakened overnight, making room for fresh memories to form the next day._ Now we have the most direct evidence yet that he is right._ The synapses in the mice taken at the end of a period of sleep were 18 per cent smaller than tho

21、se taken before sleep, showing that the connections between neurons weaken while sleeping. If Tononis theory is right, it would explain why, when we miss a nights, we find it harder the next day to concentrate and learn new information our brains may have smaller room for new experiences. Their rese

22、arch also suggests how we may build lasting memories over time even though the synapses become thinner. The team discovered that some synapses seem to be protected and stayed the same size. _ You keep what matters, Tononi says.A. We should also try to sleep well the night before.B. Its as if the bra

23、in is preserving its most important memories.C. Thats why students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning.D. Similarly, when people go for a few days without sleeping, they get sick.E. The processes take place to stop our brains becoming loaded with memories.F. Tononis team

24、measured the size of these connections, or synapses, in the brains of 12 mice.G. Sleep is the price we pay for learning, says Giulio Tononi, who developed the idea. 【答案】D；C；G；F；B 【解析】文章大意：这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了睡觉对神经元的影响。（1）考查细节理解。根据上一句的When lab rats are not allowed to sleep, they die within a month. 实验室的小老鼠若

25、不让它睡觉，它不到一个月就死了，可知，D项“同样，人若几天不睡觉就会生病。”最切题。故答案选D。（2）考查细节理解。结合上文提到睡眠帮助我们加强记忆，而C项中说“这就是为什么学生在学习之后有机会睡一觉的话，考试的成绩会更好。”由此可知，C项最切题。故答案选C。（3）考查推理判断。结合上文，上文提及的是一个理论，选项G中的“Giulio Tononi, who developed the idea. 朱莉奥是提出这个理论的人 ”正好呼应，故答案选G。（4）考查推理判断。根据下文可知，老鼠在睡眠结束时，突触会变小18%，表明睡眠时神经元会变弱，F项“托诺尼的团队测量了12只老鼠的大脑”与下文最呼应

26、，故答案选F。（5）细节理解。根据上文讲述神经元虽然会变弱，但有些神经元会保持不变，再结合下文说，你记住了最重要的事，由此可知，B项“大脑似乎会保护最重要的记忆”与上下文的衔接最好。故答案选B。【点评】七选五题型解题技巧：在答题中，应首先略读一下短文，了解一下短文的大致意思，然后把几个选项含义理解透，尤其注意意思相近，表达有交叉的选项之间的区别。然后再细读短文，把答案填入合适位置。答题时可以把含义相近的几个选项轮流填入同一处位置，反复阅读，反复体会，找出最佳选项，对于实在没有把握的小题可以留待最后完成。完成短文后，再认真通读一遍全文，看看上下语意是否通顺，是否符合逻辑关系。3根据短文内容，从短

27、文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The Panda Ant is a most unusual species with a lovely appearance. _ They look like ants but actually they belong to the wasp（黄蜂）family. The differences between the two sexes of the species are also very pronounced in both appearance and behavior. When fully grown, th

28、e male, possibly attaining a length of approximately 0. 8 centimeters, is several times larger than the female. _ Cute as panda ants may look, they are dangerous and capable of knocking out an animal much larger than they are with a few stings（刺）. Panda ants primarily depend on flowers sweet liquid

29、as their food. _ The female panda ant often lays its eggs in a bee or wasp nest. When the young ones. hatch, they will eat their pupa（蛹）hosts. _ So although a female panda ant lays approximately 2, 000 eggs a year, a considerable amount of eggs to support their survival, this species is still on the

30、 edge of dying out. This species was first discovered in the coastal region of Central Chile in 1938. _ Today, they are likely to be found in dry desert and sandy areas such as Southwestern United States and parts of Mexico.A. Its a new fashion to raise panda ants as pets.B. The name comes from thei

31、r colors as pandas.C. Yet young panda ants are meat-eaters.D. No one believes the panda ant is the relative of bees.E. Besides, the males are active at night while the females opposite.F. Unfortunately, many panda ants are eaten for their bright colors.G. Then little attention was given to it until recently.【答案】 B；E；C；F；G 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇科普类短文阅读。文章主要介绍了一种非常不寻常的物种熊猫蚂蚁。A. Its a new fashion to raise panda ants as pets.把熊猫作为宠物饲养是一种新的时尚。B. The name comes from their colors as pandas.这个名字来自熊猫的颜色。C. Yet young panda ants are meat-eaters.然而，年轻的熊猫蚂蚁是食肉动物。D. No one believes the panda