最新中考初中英语常用易混淆单词词组的区别.docx

1、最新中考初中英语常用易混淆单词词组的区别中考初中英语常用易混淆单词词组的区别用法一、how much和how many的区别用法how much和how many的区别：how much用来询问事物的数量，后接不可数名词;how many用来询问事物的数量，后接可数名词复数。how much和how many的区别1、所修饰词不同how much用来修饰不可数名词，表示数量，也可单独使用。how many用来修饰可数名词的复数，它的句式是:How many+复数名词+一般疑问句+?例句：How much milk is there in the glass?玻璃杯里有多少牛奶?How many

2、 books are there on the desk?有多少本书在桌子上?2、用法不同How much 表示多少钱，用来问价格。例句：How much is this dress?这个连衣裙多少钱?How many 表示多少，用来问数量。例句：How many apples do you have?你有多少苹果?二、in和on的区别用法当我们表示某些东西被其他东西所包围时使用“in”这个词。而“on”用于描述物体被放置在其他物体上方或外部的情况。in可表时间,表地点,表手段、方法、材料。on表示时间、地点、方位等。in和on区别一、意思不同in：prep. 在 . 里;在 . 地方;在 .

3、 期间on：prep. 在 . 之上二、用法不同in： in着重一段时间的过程,常用于重复动作或延续动作。in表示从现在时间算起推移到将来的一段时间之后,一般与将来时态连用。例句：He is a layman in economics.他对经济学一窍不通。on：表示“在物体的表面上”，只能用on的表达方式有on the next morning，on the following。例句：The spider is walking on the ceiling.蜘蛛在天花板上爬行。三、侧重点不同in：表示“在其中”。on：表示“在表面”。三、if和whether的区别用法if和whether的区别

4、：if和whether在宾语从句中，都表“是否”，可换用，if更口语化，whether正式些。当有or not时，一般用whether，而不用if。if和whether的区别1、or not放在whether之后时，只能用whether不用if。例句：I dont know whether or not he will come.我不知道他是不是回来。注：如果or not放在whether所引导的从句句尾，则可以用if来替换。I dont know whether/if he will come or not.我不知道他是不是回来。2、在强调任意选择时,用whetheror,此时不用if替换w

5、hether。例句：He asked me whether I wanted to go there by train or by bus.他问我是想乘火车还是坐公共汽车去那里。注：whether和or一起还有“不管”之意,引导让步状语从句。Whether he drives or takes the train, he will be here on time.不管开车来还是乘火车来，他都会准时到。3、虽引导宾语从句，但为了强调宾语部分，也可把从句放在句首，此时只用whether不用if。例句：Whether he will come I am not sure.他是不是来我拿不准。4、从句

6、作介词宾语时只用whether不用if。例句：It depends on whether it will be fine.那得看是不是晴天。5、作discuss等动词的宾语时，用whether不用if。例句：We discussed whether we should close the shop.我们讨论是不是该关掉商店。6、句子中有if引导的条件句，如再有表示“是否”的宾语从句，用whether不用if。例句：He asked me whether Id move to New York if I got the job.他问我如果我得到那份工作是否会搬家到纽约。7、容易产生歧义时用whe

7、ther不用if来表示“是否”。例句：Please let me know if you need help.如果你需要帮助请告诉我。8、如果宾语从句为否定句时，则只用if不用whether。例句：I dont know if it wont rain tomorrow.我不知道明天是不是会下雨。四、or和and的区别用法并列结构中，or通常用于否定句，and用于肯定句。但有时and 也可用于否定句。or用于连接并列的单词、词组、短语或句子,表示或者的意思。or用在选择疑问句中,灵活译为还是。1 or和and有什么区别一、并列结构中，and用于肯定句，or通常用于否定句表示“和，与”之意。1、

8、Sue and I left early.我和休早离开了。2、He cant read or write.他不会读，不会写。二、or用在选择疑问句中，意为“或者，还是”。and不可用于疑问句。1、Are you coming or not?你来还是不来？2、Is your sister older or younger than you?你的姐妹比你大还是小？三、固定搭配不同or在句型“祈使句+or+陈述句”中，表示在以祈使句为条件下的相反假设，or意为“否则，要不然”。eitheror意思为或者或者。注意谓语动词的主谓一致采用就近原则。2 and和or用法例句1. 并列结构中，and用于肯定

9、句，or通常用于否定句表示“和，与”之意。There are some students and teachers on the playground.2. or用在选择疑问句中，意为“或者，还是”。例如：Is he a doctor or a teacher? 他是医生还是教师？3. or在句型“祈使句+or+陈述句”中，表示在以祈使句为条件下的相反假设，or意为“否则，要不然”。例如：Work hard,or you will fall behind.你要努力学习，否则会落后。4. eitheror意思为或者或者。注意谓语动词的主谓一致采用就近原则。例如：Either you or I a

10、m right. 不是你对，就是我对。5. or在“eitheror”结构中，意为“要么要么”。连结的并列成份可在句中作主语、表语、谓语、宾语等。6. or表示不确切、模糊的陈述。例如：This story happened five or six years ago. 这个故事发生在四、五年前。五、some和any的区别用法some和any的区别：肯定句中用some，否定/疑问要用any换some和any的用法1、some和any都表示一些,两者既可以修饰可数名词又可以修饰不可数名词。前者用于肯定陈述及委婉请求,后者用于否定句及一般疑问句。例句:I have some books.I don

11、t have any books.Would you like some coffee?Is there any coffee in your cup?2、在表示建议,反问,请求的疑问句中,或期望得到肯定回答时,多用some而不用any。例句：Would you like some coffee?What about some fruit juice?3、当说话人认为对方的答复将是肯定的时候，some便可用于疑问句。例句：Didnt you give him some ticket4、当any表示“任何”的意思,起强调作用时,它可以用在肯定句中。例句：Any student can answe

12、r this question.5、any可以和not以外其他有否定含义的词连用，表达否定的概念。例句：He never had any regular schooling.I can answer your question without any hesitation.六、offer与provide的区别用法offer:主动提供；重点在于主动; offer to do:主动做某事。搭配：offer sb. sth./ offer sth. to sb.provide:大批量地提供。搭配：provide sth. for sb./ provide sb. with sth.provide和o

13、ffer的区别provide 用于表示无主动慷慨之意地为人或物提供需要或有用的东西，仅仅是出于某种责任，强调提供必须或有用的东西，尤其是生活用品。常用于peovide sb with sth或provide sth for sb的固定搭配中。offer表示主动提供服务、工作等。常用于offer sb sth或offer sth to sb的固定搭配。例如：offer help to sb 主动提出帮助某人；offer sb a good salary给某人一个好工资。provide和offer的用法首先在语义上，provide仅表示“提供”，而offer强调“主动提供”。其次在语法和搭配上，o

14、ffer后可跟双宾语，而provide后不可跟双宾语最后在搭配上，offer可组成词组offer sb. sth./offer sth. to sb.；provide可组成短语provide sb. with sth./provide sth. for sb.七、include和contain的区别用法include与contain两者均可表示“包含”，但有区别：include 的宾语只能是整体中的一部分或是其要素之一，而不能是所谈事物的全体或所有要素。contain 表示“包含”，其实是指其内装有。1 include与contain的区别两者均可表示“包含”，但有区别：1. include

15、的宾语只能是整体中的一部分或是其要素之一，而不能是所谈事物的全体或所有要素。如：Does the bill include a tip? 账单包括小费在内吗?Five were killed, including a baby. 共有六人死亡，其中有一个婴儿。2. contain 表示“包含”，其实是指其内装有，即指某种较大的东西内装有较小的东西，其宾语可以是整体的一部分，也可以是其全体。如：The box contains soap. 这只箱子装着肥皂。Sea water contains salt. 海水中含有盐分。2contain和include的用法contain，include的区别

16、：都有“包含”的意思，但contain可用于表示包含所含之物的的全部 或部分，而include则只能用于表示所包含之物中的一部分。例如：The parcel included a dictionary. 那包裹里也包括了一本字典。The parcel contained a dictionary. 那包裹里装的是一本字典。include: 包括；包含include 是三个词中最普通的，指在整体中能明确界定的几个部分。e.g. The health club includes a gym,mming pool , and locker room.健身俱乐部包括体操房，游泳池和更衣室。Our te

17、n-day tour include a visit to New York .我们十天的旅行包括参观纽约。contain: 包含，含有，装有更具体地说，contain 指一个较大事物中所容纳的分离部分，有封闭于一个整体的感觉。e.g. The bowl contains a variety of fruit. 碗里装有各种水果。This bottle contains two glasses of beer. 这个瓶子装了两杯啤洒。involve: 必须包含某种结果，牵涉，包含include 和contain都指具体的物质的实体和它们的各部分，involve侧重于非实体的事物及要素。e.g.

18、 Taking the job involves abroad for three years. 接受这份工作就必须到国外居住三年。I didnt realize putting on a play involved so much work.我那时不了解演一场戏竟要做那么多的工作。bination着重指两个或两个以上的人或事物为了共同的目的而结合在一起,结合后原来的部分可能仍然不会改变或生气其本来性质. The combonation of milk and water.partnership多指经济、生意上的合伙关系。alliance多用于指国家之间的联盟。union有着更深层的含义，指“

19、a combined group”，各部分完全、彻底、综合、和谐地，协调地合作，常指“联邦，合众国”，如:the Soviet Union，the United States，另外它常指一些社会团体，如the trade union，the students union，the labor union（工会，学生会等）3.demonstrate指用实例说明,展示,目的是告诉别人如何使用或操作.如:He demonstrateed how to use the new computerexhibit指公开的展示,特别是展示值得观赏的东西.she exhibi t her paintings at

20、 agallery.reveal:显示,揭示reveal的对象一般原来是隐藏或隐秘不为人所知的.The company is set to reveal its new product this afternoon.一、英语阅读理解专项练习试卷1阅读理解 That year, I was a Junior 2 student. Falling off the stairs hurt me in the head. Almost everyone thought I was dead. But they were wrong. However, it was difficult to get b

21、ack to normal (正常的) life. I had to leave school and learn everything, walking, talking, and yes, maths. To help me with that task, Mrs. Pillar volunteered to come to the hospital and later to my house once a week. We began with basic maths skills. As time passed by, I made progress. I remembered ver

22、y vividly how she came to my home on Sundays, sat with me at the kitchen table, and threw different coins on the talbe. She asked me to show her 38 cents, 17 cents, 63 cents. It was challenging, but she also made it fun. After a year and a half, I had progressed a lot, both in body and mind, to retu

23、rn to school. Seven years later, I graduated from the University of Texas at the top of my class. As year went by, I always kept in touch with Mrs. Pillar. Unluckily, one day my parents told me that Mrs. Pillar had been in hospital because she suffered a stroke(中风). Now it was my turn to help her. M

24、rs. Pillar lay in bed, unable to speak and know anybody around. I pulled some coins out of my pocket, dropped them on her bed, and asked her to show me 12 cents. The nurse thought that my action was very strange until one day Mrs. Pillar smiled happily as I began working with herjust as she had work

25、ed with my years before. She make progress every day and was moved out of ICU(重症监护室) and finally out of hospital. One day, I called to wish her a happy New Year. She spoke into the phone excitedly, “Happy New Year to you and your family, Michael. Thank you for everything youve done for me.” I quickl

26、y said, “Thank you for everything youve done for me.” Mrs. Pillar was one of my Junior 2 teachers, but she taught me so much more about life than only maths.（1）Which of the following is the correct order of what happened in the story?a. Mrs. Pillar suffered a stroke and was in hospital.b. I fell off

27、 the stairs and had to leave school.c. I returned to school with Mrs. Pillars help.d. Mrs. Pillar got better with my help.A.b-c-d-aB.c-a-b-dC.b-c-a-dD.b-d-c-a（2）What does the underlined word “vividly” mean in Paragraph(段落) 3? A.模糊的B.清晰地C.彻底地D.感激地（3）What does the writer mean by saying “ I graduated f

28、rom the University of Texas at the top of my class” in Paragraph 4? A.He was clever than his classmates.B.He worked very hard on maths.C.His classmates failed to graduate.D.Mrs. Pillars help greatly influenced him.（4）The writer asked Mrs. Pillar to show him 12 cents in the hospital in order to _. A.

29、help Mrs. Pillar just as Mrs. Pillar helped himB.play an interesting game with Mrs. PillarC.see whether Mrs. Pillar was getting betterD.make the nurse in the hospital feel strange（5）What is the best title for the passage? A.A Great TeacherB.Always Have A DreamC.Never Give upD.Kindness Makes Wonders【

30、答案】（1）C（2）B（3）D（4）A（5）D 【解析】【分析】大意：本文作者讲述初中老师皮勒夫人帮助自己，后来他又帮助皮勒夫人的故事。这个故事告诉人们 “善良可以创造奇迹”的道理。（1）细节理解题。根据第一段第二句Falling off the stairs hurt me in the head.（b)、 第四段第一句After a year and a half, I had progressed a lot, both in body and mind, to return to school（c）、第五段 Unluckily, one day my parents told me that Mrs. Pillar had been in hospital because she suffered a stroke(中风)（a）、 第六段最后She make progress every day and was m