初中英语大纲Word文档下载推荐.docx

1、 Thanks a lot. Many thanks. Thanks for. . . . b. Not at all. Thats all right. Youre welcome.6. 祝愿、祝贺和应答Wishes, congratulations and responses a. Good luck! Best wishes to you. Have a nice / good time. Congratulations! b. Thank you. c. Happy New Year! Merry Christmas! Happy birthday to you. d. The sam

2、e to you.7. 意愿Intentions Im going to. . . . I will. . . . Id like to. . . . I want / hope to. . . .8. 道歉和应答Apologies and responses a. Im sorry. （Sorry. ） Im sorry for / about. . . . Excuse me. b. Thats all right. It doesnt matter. Thats nothing.9. 遗憾和同情 Regrets and sympathy What a pity! I m sorry to

3、 hear. . . .10. 邀请和应答Invitations and responses a. Will you come to. . . ? Would you like to. . . ?b. Yes, Id love to. . . . Yes, its very kind / nice of you.c. Id love to, but. . . .11. 提供 （ 帮助等）和应答Offers and responsesa. Can I help you? What can I do for you? Here, take this / my. . . . Let me. . .

4、for you. Would you like some. . . ?b. Thanks. That would be nice / fine. Thank you for your help. Yes, please.c. No, thanks / thank you. Thats very kind of you, but. . . .12. 请求允许和应答Asking for permission and responsesa. May I. . . ? Can / Could I. . . ?b. Yes / Certainly. Yes, do please. Of course （

5、 you may）. Thats OK / all right.c. Im sorry, but. . . . Youd better not.13. 表示同意和不同意Expressing agreement and disagreementa. Certainly / Sure / Of course. Yes, I think so. Thats true. All right / OK. Thats a good idea. I agree （with you）.b. No, I dont think so. Im afraid not. I really cant agree with

6、 you.14. 表示肯定和不肯定 Expressing certainty and uncertaintya. Im sure. Im sure （ that）. . . .b. Im not sure. Im not sure whether / if. . . .c. Maybe / Perhaps.15. 喜好和厌恶Likes and dislikesa. I like / love. . . （very much）. I like / love to. . . .b. I dont like （ to）. . . . I hate （ to）. . . .16. 谈论天气Talkin

7、g about the weathera. Whats the weather like today? Hows the weather in. . . ?b. Its fine / cloudy / windy / rainy, etc. Its rather warm / cold / hot / etc. today, isnt it?17. 购物Shoppinga. What can I do for you? May / Can I help you?b. I want / Id like. . . . How much is it? Thats too much / expensi

8、ve, Im afraid. Thats fine. Ill take it. Let me have. . . kilo / box, etc.c. How many / much do you want? What colour / size / kind / do you want?d. Do you have any other kind / size / colour, ect. ?18. 问路和应答Asking the way and responsesa. Excuse me. Wheres the mens / ladies room? Excuse me, can you t

9、ell me the way to. . . ? How can I get to. . . ? I dont know the way.b. Go down this street. Turn right / left at the first / second crossing. Its about. . . metres from here.19. 问时间或日期和应答Asking the time or date and responsesa. What day is （ it） today? Whats the date today? What time is it? Whats th

10、e time, please?b. Its Monday / Tuesday, etc. Its January 10th. Its five oclock / half past five / a quarter to five / five thirty, etc. Its time for. . . .20. 请求Requestsa. Can / Could you. . . for me? Will / Would you please. . . ? May I have. . . ?b. Please give / pass me. . . . Please wait （ here

11、/ a moment）. Please wait （for） your turn. Please stand in line / line up. Please hurry.21. 劝告和建议Advice and suggestionsa. Youd better. . . . You should. . . . You need （to）. . . .b. Shall we. . . ? Lets. . . . What / How about. . . ?22. 禁止和警告Prohibition and warningsa. You cant / mustnt. . . . If you.

12、 . . , youll. . . .b. Take care! Be careful!23. 表示感情Expressing certain emotionsa. 喜悦Pleasure, joy Im glad / pleased / happy to. . . . Thats nice. Thats wonderful / great.b. 焦虑Anxiety Whats wrong? Whats the matter （with you）? Im / Hes / Shes worried. Oh, what shall I / we do?c. 惊奇Surprise Really? Oh,

13、 dear! Is that so?24. 就餐Taking mealsa. What would you like to have? Would you like something to eat / drink?b. Id like. . . . Would you like some more. . . ? Help yourself to some. . . .c. Thank you. Ive had enough. / Just a little, please.25. 约会Making appointmentsa. Are you free this afternoon / ev

14、ening? How about tomorrow morning / afternoon / evening? Shall we meet at 4:30 at. . . ?b. Yes, thats all right. Yes, Ill be free then.c. No, I wont be free then. But Ill be free. . . .d. All right. See you then.26. 传递信息Passing on a messagea. Will you please give this note / message to. . . ?b. . .

15、. asked me to give you this note.c. Thanks for the message.27. 看病Seeing the doctora. Theres something wrong with. . . . Ive got a cough. I feel terrible （bad）. I dont feel well. Ive got a pain here. This place hurts.b. Take this medicine three times a day. Its nothing serious. Youll be all right / w

16、ell soon.28. 求助Calling for helpa. Help!b. Whats the matter?29. 处理交际中的障碍Language difficultiesPardon.Please say that again / more slowly.What do you mean by. . . ?Im sorry I cant follow you.Im sorry I know only a little English.30. 常见的标志和说明Some common signs and instructionsBUSINESS HOURS FRAGILEOFFICE

17、 HOURS THIS SIDE UPOPEN MENUCLOSED NO SMOKINGPULL NO PARKINGPUSH NO PHOTOSON DANGER!OFF PLAYENTRANCE STOPEXIT PAUSEINSTRUCTIONS语 法 项 目 表 （ 加“”号的项目只要求理解）1. 词类：1）名词 2）形容词 3）副词 4）动词 5）代词 6）冠词 7）数词 8）介词 9）连词 10）感叹词2. 构词法： 1）合成法 classroom, something, reading-room 2）派生法 worker, drawing, quickly, careful,

18、kindness, cloudy, unhappy 3）转化法 hand （n. ）hand （v. ） dry （ adj. ）dry （ v. ）3. 名词 1）可数名词和不可数名词 2）名词的复数 3）专有名词 4）所有格4. 代词 1）人称代词的主格和宾格形式 2）物主代词的形容词与名词性形式 3）反身代词 myself, himself, ourselves, etc. 4）指示代词 this, that, these, those 5）不定代词 some, any, no, etc. 6）疑问代词 what, who, whose, which, etc.5. 数词基数词和序数词6

19、. 介词词汇表中所列介词的基本用法7. 连词词汇表中所列连词的基本用法8. 形容词 1）作定语、表语、宾语补足语的基本用法 2）比较等级 （ 原级、比较级、最高级）的基本用法 （ 1）构成 -er, -est; more, the most （ 2）基本句型 as原级形式as. . . not as （ so）原级形式as. . . 比较级形式than. . . the最高级形式. . . in （ of）. . .9. 副词 1）表示时间、地点、方式、程度等的基本用法 2）疑问副词when, where, how 3）比较等级 （ 原级、比较级、最高级）10. 冠词一般用法11. 动词1）动

20、词种类 （ 1）行为动词或实义动词 1及物动词 2不及物动词 （ 2）连系动词 be, look, turn, get, become, etc. （ 3）助动词 be, do, have, shall, will, etc. （ 4）情态动词 can, may, must, need, etc. 2）时态 （ 1）一般现在时 I get up at six oclock every morning. He doesnt speak Russian. They are very busy. The moon moves round the earth. When you see him, te

21、ll him to come to my place. Ill go to see you tonight if Im free. （ 2）一般过去时 I was in Grade One last year. I got up at five yesterday. （ 3）一般将来时 1. shall （ will）动词原形 I shall （ will） go to your school tomorrow afternoon. She will be here tomorrow. 2. be going to动词原形 Im going to help him. （ 4）现在进行时 Wer

22、e reading the text now. Theyre waiting for a bus. （ 5）现在完成时 I have already posted the letter. They have lived here for ten years. （ 6）过去进行时 We were having a meeting this time yesterday. The teacher was talking to some parents when I saw her. （ 7）过去完成时 We had learned four English songs by the end of

23、last year. The film had already begun when I got to the cinema. She said that she had not heard from him since he left Beijing. （ 8）过去将来时 He said he would go to the cinema that evening. Betty said she was going to visit her uncle next Sunday.3）被动语态 （ 1）一般现在时的被动语态 English is taught in that school. （

24、2）一般过去时的被动语态 The song was written by that worker. （ 3）一般现在时带情态动词的被动语态 She must be sent to hospital at once.4）动词不定式 （ 1）作主语 To learn a foreign language is not easy. It is not easy to learn a foreign language. （ 2）作宾语 They began to read. （ 3）作宾语补足语 Jim asked me to help him with his lessons. We often h

25、eard her sing. （ 4）作定语 I have an important meeting to attend. （ 5）作状语 She went to see her grandma yesterday. （ 6）用在how, when, where, what, which等之后 I dont know how to use a computer. Do you know when to start? He didnt know what to do next.12. 句子种类 1）陈述句 （ 肯定式和否定式） 2）疑问句 （ 一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句） 3）祈使句 （ 肯定式和否定式） 4）感叹句 13. 句子成份 1）主语 Betty likes her new bike. He gets up early eve